BiologyFinalReviewPacket1.Informationgatheredfromobservingaplantgrow3cmoveratwoweekperiodresultsin?(B1.1g)

a.inferences c.hypothesisb.variables d.data

2.Whichofthefollowingcharacteristicsoflivingthingsbestexplainswhybirdsflysouthforthewinter?(B2.6a,B2.3a)(HSLS13)

a.Livingthingsrespondtotheirenvironmentb.Livingthingsmaintainaninternalbalancec.Livingthingsaremadeupofunitscalledcellsd.Livingthingsarebasedonauniversalgeneticcode

3.Inmoststablefreshwaterenvironments,populationsofDaphniaarealmostentirelyfemaleandreproduceasexually.However,malesareobservedinlowoxygenenvironmentsorwhenfoodisscarce.Basedontheseobservations,aresearchersuggeststhatmaleDaphniadevelopinresponsetounfavorableenvironmentalconditions.Thisisanexampleof(B1.1D,B1.1E)

a.result c.procedureb.theory d.hypothesis

4.Observethefollowingdiagram,whichwastakenfromoneofCharlesDarwinsnotebooks.

Thewords,Ithinkcanbeseenatthetopofthepageandabranchingdiagram isshownbelowthat.(B1.2h,B1.2k)

ThispicturerepresentsoneofDarwins

a.guesses

b.questions.

c.observations.

d.laws.5.Twostudentsweretestingtheamountoffertilizerthatwouldbestpromotethegrowthofstrawberriesinagarden.Whichofthefollowingcouldbeanunavoidablesourceofexperimentalerror?(B1.1B)

a. lengthofthestudyb. variationinthestrawberryplantsc. thecostofwateringtheplantsd. fertilizationduringthestudy

6.Ascientistisstudyinghowtemperatureaffectsbacteriagrowth.

Thefollowingisherexperimentaldesign:

Countthebacterialgrowthatthesametimeeachday

Place3petridisheswiththebacteriaintherefrigeratorandplace3morepetridisheswithadifferenttypeofbacteriainanincubator

Useadifferenttypeofagarineachpetridish

Whatobservationcanyoumakeaboutherexperiment?(B1.1B,B1.1f)

a.Herdesignwillefficientlymeasuretemperaturechangesonbacteriagrowth.

b.Shehastoomanyvariablesandwillnotbeabletomakeareliableconclusion.

c.Differenttypesofagarwillserveastheindependentvariableintheexperimentaldesign.

d.Hervariablesarecontrolledwithinthedesignoftheexperimentalinvestigation.

Name______________________________

7.Researchhasledscientiststoconcludethatfevershelpthehumanbodyfightinfectionbyelevatingbodytemperaturesandcausingpartsoftheimmunesystemtoworkbetter.

Whichstatementdoesthisconclusionbestsupport?(B1.1A,B1.1E)

a.Feversdisrupthomeostasis.

b.Feversshouldimmediatelybetreatedwithmedication.

c.Feversareanecessarypartofmaintaininghomeostasis.

d.Feversarerarelycausedbybacterialinfections.

8.InAugust2006,theInternationalAstronomicalUnionremovedPlutosstatusasaplanetandnameditadwarfplanet.

WhatpromptedthereclassificationofPluto?(B1.1i)

a.Anewtelescopeintroducedin2006allowedscientiststoseeabetterviewofPluto.

b.ScientistsbasedtheirdecisiononknowndatafromPlutoandotherobjectsinthesolarsystem.

c.AmannedmissiontoPlutoprovidedevidencetomakeitadwarfplanet.

d.Scientistswerebiasedtomakethesolarsystemhaveeightplanets.

9.Whichofthefollowingisnotacharacteristicofalivingorganism?(B2.6A)(HSLS13)

agrowthanddevelopment

babilitytomove

cresponsetoenvironment

dabilitytoreproduce10.Observethemodelsontherightshowingionicandcovalentbonding.

Whatstatementcorrectlydescribesthemodels?(B2.2D,2,4e)(HSLS11,HSLS16,HSLS17,HSLS31

a.ModelIshowsionicbondingbecausethevalenceelectronsareshared.

b.ModelIshowsionicbondingbecauseoneelectronistransferredtoanotheratom.

c.ModelIshowscovalentbondingbecausethevalenceelectronsaretransferred.

d.ModelIIshowscovalentbondingbecausethevalenceelectronsaretransferred.

11.Whichofthefollowingisthecorrectrankingoforganizationalhierarchyoforganismsfromsimplesttomostcomplex?(B2.5B)(HSLS12)

a.cells,organs,tissues,organsystems,organisms

b.cells,tissues,organs,organsystems,organisms

c.tissues,cells,organs,organsystems,organisms

d.tissues,organs,cells,organsystems,organisms12.Whichofthefollowingcharacteristicsoflivingthingsbestexplainswhybirdsflysouthforthewinter?(B2.6a,B2.3a)

a.Livingthingsrespondtotheirenvironmentb.Livingthingsmaintainaninternalbalancec.Livingthingsaremadeupofunitscalledcellsd.Livingthingsarebasedonauniversalgeneticcode

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13.Sugarinourcellsreactsveryquicklywithoxygen.Thesamesugarwillreactveryslowlywiththeoxygeninair.Thereasonforthisdifferenceisbecause(B2.2f,B2.3A)(HSLS11,HSLS13)

a.ourbodiesarewarmerthantheair. c.thesugarexposedtoairisinsolidform.

b.cellscontaincatalyststospeedthereaction. d.thesugarinourcellscontainsmoreenergy.14.Themostimportantatominmostlivingthingsis(B2.2B)(HSLS16,HSLS25)

a.carbon c.hydrogenb.oxygen d.nitrogen

15.Youhavejustgoneforafivemilerun,andyouarenowfeelingsluggishandtired.Whichoftheorganiccompoundswouldhelpyoutofeellikeyourselfthequickest?(B2.2D,B2.3C,B2.3e)(HSLS11,HSLS12,HSLS13,HSLS16,HSLS17,HSLS26,HSLS31)

a.carbohydratesb.lipidsc.proteinsd.nucleicacids

16.Enzymesaffecttherateofcellularrespirationbychangingthe(B2.5D)(HSLS16,HSLS17)

a.productsofthereaction c.temperatureofthereactionb.speedofthereaction d.pHofthereaction

17.Whichstatementcorrectlydescribeshowcarbonsabilitytoformfourbondsmakesituniquelysuitedtoformmacromolecules?(B2.2A)(HSLS16,HSLS17,HSLS25)

a. Itformsshort,simplecarbonchains.b. Itformslarge,complex,diversemolecules.c. Itformscovalentbondswithothercarbonatomsd. Itformscovalentbondsthatcanexistinasingleplane.

18.Carbohydratesandproteinsaretwotypesofmacromolecules.Whichfunctionalcharacteristicofcarbohydratesdistinguishesthemfromproteins?(B2.5A)(HSLS16)

a. largeamountofstoredinformationb. abilitytocatalyzebiochemicalreactionsc. efficientstorageofusablechemicalenergyd. tendencytomakecellmembraneshydrophobic

19.Whentheconcentrationofmoleculesonbothsidesofamembraneisthesame,themoleculeswill(B2.3B,B2.5h)(HSLS13)

a.moveacrossthemembranetotheoutsideofthecellb.stopmovingacrossthemembranec.moveacrossthemembraneinbothdirectionsd.moveacrossthemembraneinsideofthecell

20.CompareEukaryotestoProkaryotes.Whichisthebestcomparison?(B2.4d)a.Eukaryoticcellsaremuchsmallerthanprokaryotesb.Eukaryoteshavepermeablemembranesandprokaryotesdonotc.Eukaryoteshaveahigherrateofreproductionthanprokaryotesd.Eukaryoteshavenucleiandprokaryotesdonot

21.WhichcellularorganellecontainsDNAandcontrolsthefunctionofthecell?(B2.5i)

a.Ribosome c.GolgiBody

b.EndoplasmicReticulum d.Nucleus22.Whichofthefollowingcellorganellesisfoundintheplantcellbutnotintheanimalcell?(2.5G)

a. mitochondriab. chloroplastc. ribosomes

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d. endoplasmicreticulum

23.Ifananimalcellisplacedindistilledwater,itwillswellandmighteventuallyburst.

Theswellingandpossibleburstingofthecellisaresultofwhichbiologicalprocess?(B2.5h,B2.3B,B2.3C,B2.6A)(HSLS13MHSLS26)

a.Activetransport b.Enzymeactivity c.Osmosis d.Respiration

24.Theillustrationsrepresenttwodifferentcells.

WhichstatementbestidentifiesCellXandCellY?(B2.4A)(HSLS11,HSLS12,HSLS31)

a.CellXisprokaryoticandCellYiseukaryotic.

b.CellXisanervecellandCellYisnervetissue.

c.CellXisaredbloodcellandCellYisamusclecell.

d.CellXisaplantcellandCellYisananimalcell.

25.Astudentiscollectingthegasgivenofffromaplantinbrightsunlightatatemperatureof27C.Thegasbeingcollectedisprobably?(B3.1B,B3.1D,B3.1f)(HSLS15,HSLS17,HSLS25)

a.oxygenb.carbondioxidec.ATPd.vaporizedwater

26.Ifcarbondioxideisremovedfromaplantsenvironment,whatwouldyouexpecttohappentotheplantsproductionofhighenergysugars?(B3.1B,B3.1D,B3.1f,B2.5C,B2.1A)(HSLS15,HSLS17,HSLS23,HSLS25)

a.moresugarswillbeproducedb.fewersugarswillbeproducedc.thesamenumberofsugarswillbeproducedbutwithoutcarbondioxided.carbondioxidedoesnotaffecttheproductionofhighenergysugarsinplants

27.Howarecellularrespirationandphotosynthesisalmostopposite?(B3.1C,B3.1e,B2.1A,B2.1B,B2.5e)(HSLS15,HSLS17,HSLS23,HSLS24,HSLS25)

a.Photosynthesisreleasesenergy,andcellularrespirationstoresenergyb.Photosynthesisremovedcarbondioxidefromtheatmosphere,andcellularrespirationputsitbackc.Photosynthesisremovesoxygenfromtheatmosphere,andcellularrespirationputsitbackd.Alloftheabove

28.Thecellsofsomeorganismscontainbothchloroplastsandmitochondria.Whichstatementdescribeswhatwouldhappeninthesecellsiftheyweremovedfromalightenvironmenttoadarkone?(B3.1B,B3.1D,B2.5f,B2.1B)(HSLS15,HSLS17,HSLS25)

a.Theamountofoxygenpresentwoulddecreaseandtheamountofcarbondioxidewouldincreaseb.TheamountofglucosepresentwouldincreaseandATPwouldnolongerbeavailablec.TheamountofcarbondioxidepresentwoulddecreaseandATPwouldcontinuetobesynthesizedd.Theamountofoxygenpresentwouldincreaseandtheamountofglucoseavailablewoulddecrease

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Figure129.WhichofthegraphsinFigure1representstheeffectoftemperatureontherateofphotosynthesis?(B3.1B,B3.1D)(HSLS15,HSLS17,HSLS25)

a.Ab.Bc.Cd.D

30.WhichofthegraphsinFigure1representstheeffectoflightintensityontherateofphotosynthesis?(B3.1A,B3.1B,B3.1D)(HSLS15,HSLS17,HSLS25)

a.Ab.Bc.Cd.D

31.BetweenwhichpartsofthemoleculemustthebondsbebrokentoreleasetheenergystoredinthisATPmolecule?(B2.5D)(HSLS16,HSLS17)

a.AandBb.BandCc.CandDd.Noneoftheabove

32.EnergyisreleasedfromanATPwhen..(2.4f)(HSLS16,HSLS17)

a.aphosphategroupisaddedb.adeninebondstoribosec.ATPisexposedtosunlightd.Aphosphategroupisremoved

33.Whichofthefollowingareusedintheoverallreactionsofphotosynthesis?(B2.1A,B3.1C,B3.1e,B3.1f)(HSLS15,HSLS17,HSLS23,HSLS24)

a.carbondioxideb.waterc.lightd.alloftheabove

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34.Inwhichareadoesthesunsenergygettransferredintochemicalenergy?(B2.5f)(HSLS15)

AB CD

35.Thecalvincycletakesplaceinwhichspace?(B2.5f)(HSLS15)ABCD

36.Whatisaproductofthecalvincycle?(B3.1B)(HSLS15,HSLS17,HSLS25)

a.oxygengas c.sugarb.ATP d.carbondioxide

37.Glycolysisrequires(B3.1B)(HSLS15,17,25)

a.anenergyinput c.hourstoproducemanyATPb.oxygen d.NADP+

38.Whatisthecorrectequationforcellularrespiration?(B3.1C)(HSLS15,HSLS17)a.6CO2+6H2O>C6H12O+6O2b.6CO2+C6H12O6>6O2+6H2Oc.C6H12O6+6O2>6CO2+6H2O+36or38ATPd.6O2+6H2O>6CO2+C6H12O6

39.Whatisthecorrectequationforphotosynthesis?(B2.1A,B3.1C)(HSLS15,HSLS17,HSLS23,HSLS24)

a.6CO2+6H2O>C6H12O+6O2b.6CO2+C6H12O6>6O2+6H2Oc.C6H12O6+6O2>6CO2+6H2O+36or38ATPd.6O2+6H2O>6CO2+C6H12O6

40.Whichofthefollowingshowsthecorrectsequenceduringcellularrespiration?(B2.5D) A.ElectrontransportchainglycolysisKrebscycle B.GlycolysisElectrontransportchainKrebscycle C.KrebscycleElectrontransportchainglycolysis D.GlycolysisKrebscycleElectrontransportchain41.Inwhichareawouldtheinitialsplittingofsugartakeplace?(B2.5i)

a.1b.2c.3d.4

42.InwhichareawouldtheelectronsbeingusedtopowertheproductionofATPbefound?(B2.5i)

a.1b.2c.3d.4

43.Cellsgrowninapetridishtendtodivideuntiltheyformathinlayercoveringthebottomofthedish.Ifcellsareremovedfromthemiddleofthedish,thecellsborderingtheopenspacewillbegindividinguntiltheyhavefilledtheemptyspace.Whatdoestheexperimentshow?(B1.1E,1.1g,2.1C,2.6B,2.6C,3.4C,3.5B)(HSLS12,HSLS14,HSLS21,HSLS22,HSLS26,HSLS27,HSLS28,HSLS46)

a.Whencellscomeintocontactwithothercells,theystopgrowingb.Thecontrolsoncellgrowthanddivisioncanbeturnedonandoffc.Celldivisioncanberegulatedbyfactorsoutsidethecelld.alloftheabove

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44.ThetablebelowliststhetypicaldiploidnumberofchromosomesofseveraldifferentorganismsDiploidChromosomeNumber

Goldfish 94

Potato 48

Human 46

Pea 14

FruitFly 8

Whichofthefollowingisthebestexplanationforwhythechromosomenumberisanevennumberineachoftheseorganisms?(B1.1D,B1.1E,4.3A,4.2B)(HSLS14,HSLS31)

a.Itisonlyacoincidencemanyotherorganismshaveanoddnumberofchromosomesb.Thediploidchromosomenumberisalwaysevensothatwhenmitosisoccurseachnewcellgetsthesamenumber

ofchromosomesc.Thediploidchromosomenumberrepresentspairsofchromosomes,onefromeachparent,soitisalwaysaneven

numberd.Chromosomesdoubleeverytimethecelldivides,soafterthefirstdivision,thenumberisalwayseven

45.ThediagrambelowshowsastrandofDNAmatchedtoastrandofmessengerRNA.

Whatprocessdoesthisdiagramrepresent?(B4.2g)(HSLS11,HSLS31)

a.Mutation

b.Respiration

c.Transcription

d.Translation46.Amalfunctionoccursduringanaphase1ofmeiosis,whatwouldbethepossibleresultsofthespindlefibersmalfunctionifthegametethatlostachromosomeispartofthefertilization?(4.3b,4.3f.4.3d)(HSLS32)

a.theembryoaftergametefusionwillhaveamonosomyb.heembryoaftergametefusionwillhaveatetraploidc.heembryoaftergametefusionwillhaveapolyploidyd.heembryoaftergametefusionwillhaveatrisomy

47.AscientistputsnucleotidechainsofUUUUUUinatesttubeunderconditionsallowingproteinsynthesis.Soonthetesttubeisfullofpolypeptidechainscomposedofonlytheaminoacidphenylalanine.Whatdoestheexperimentindicate?(B4.2f,B4.2g)(HSLS11,HSLS31)

a.Theaminoacidphenylalanineiscomposedofuracil c.Proteinsynthesismalfunctionsintesttubesb.UUUcodesfortheaminoacidphenylalanine d.Mostproteinscontainonlyonetypeofaminoacid

48.Whatmoleculeallowshereditaryinformationtobepassedfromgenerationtogeneration?(B4.1B,B4.2C)(HSLS11,HSLS31,HSLS32,HSLS33)

a.DNA b.ATP c.Lipids d.Proteins

49.IftheamountofadenineinaDNAmoleculeis20%,thentheamountofcytosinewouldbe(B4.2C)(HSLS11,HSLS31)

a.20% b.30% c.50% d.80%

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50.Whatisproducedduringtranscription?(B4.2g)(HSLS11,HSLS31)A.RNAmolecules c.RNApolymeraseb.DNAmolecules d.proteins

51.Hoxgenesdetermineananimals?(B2.1D,B2.4A,B4.1B)(HSLS11,HSLS12,HSLS14,HSLS31,HSLS32,HSLS33)

a.size c.bodyplanb.color d.eyecolor

52.TheDNAsequencefromanendangeredpupfishwascomparedtotheDNAsamplescollectedfromcloselyrelatedfishspecies.ThetablebelowshowsaportionoftheDNAsequencesfromeachofthefishspecies.(B1.1d,B1.1e,B4.2A,B4.3B,B4.3f,B4.4A,B5.2B,B5.2C,B5.3A)(HSLS31,HSLS32,HSLS42,HSLS43,HSLS44,HSLS45)

PupFishDNASequence ATTAAGCCGATA

Fish1 ATTGAACCGATA

Fish2 ATTAAGCGGATA

Fish3 TTTGAACGGAAA

Fish4 ATTGAACGAATA

Listthefishfromtheleasttomostcloselyrelatedtothepupfish.

a.Fish1,Fish2,Fish3,Fish4

b.Fish4,Fish3,Fish1,Fish2

c.Fish3,Fish4,Fish1,Fish2

d.Fish2,Fish1,Fish4,Fish353.3ofthe4answersbelowaresourcesofgeneticvariation.Selecttheexception.(4.3E)(HSLS32)

(a)crossingover(b)mutation(c)asexualreproduction(d)independentassortment

54.Multiplepointmutationsinthecyclinscanresultin__________tolosetheirnormalfunctionsandcouldpossiblyresultinthecell_____________?(4.4B)(HSLS42)

a. nucleicacids,deathb. nucleicacids,cancerc. enzymes,deathd. enzymes,cancer

55.Geneticengineeringhasproducedgoatswhosemilkcontainsproteinsthatcanbeusedasmedicines.Thiseffectwasproducedby(5.3F)(HSLS44,HSLS46)Amixingforeigngenesintothemilk.Binjectingforeigngenesintothegoatsudders.Cinsertingforeigngenesintofertilizedgoateggs.Dgeneticallymodifyingthenutritionalneedsofthegoatsoffspring.56.Insnapdragonflowerscolorisincompletelydominant.Ahomozygousredfloweriscrossedwithanheterozygouspinkflower.Whatistheprobabilitytheoffspringwillbered?(B4.1e,B4.1C)

a. 25% b.50% c.75% d.100%57.Aresearcherperformsacrossbetween2mice,bothhavingblackfur.Blackforisdominantoverwhitefor.75%oftheoffspringhaveblackcoatsand25%havewhitecoats.Theresearchercanassumethattheparentsgenotypesweremostlikely:(B4.1C,B4.1D,B4.1e)(HSLS32,HSLS33)a.BBXBB b.BbXBb c.BBXbb d.bbXbb

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58.Ageneticdisorderduetoarecessiveallele(a)islethalinhomozygousindividuals(aa),whereasheterozygousindividuals(Aa)havenosymptoms.Basedonthisinformation,whichofthefollowingislikelytoresult?(B4.1C,B4.1e,B4.4C,B5.1A,B5.1e,B5.1g)(HSLS32,HSLS33,HSLS42,HSLS43,HSLS45)

a.Thedisorderwillquicklybeeliminatedsincenorecessivehomozygoteswillsurvivetoreproduceb.Thedisorderwillbemaintainedinthepopulationthroughthereproductionofheterozygotesc.Onlyhomozygousdominant(AA)individualswillsurvived.Theprevalenceofthedisorderwillincreaseovertime

59.IfamanwithbloodtypeAandawomanwithbloodtypeBproduceanoffspringwhatmighttheoffspringsbloodtypebe?(B4.1e,B4.1C)(HSLS32,HSLS33)

a.ABorO b.A,BorO c.A,B,AB,orO d.ABonly60.Thetableshowsfourdifferentmutationsthatoccurredindifferentgenesthatarelocatedinaskin,gamete,muscle,andnervecellinanindividualrabbit.

Whichmutationcouldbeinheritedbytherabbitsoffspring?(B4.2A,B4.2D,B4.3B,B4.3F)(HSLS11,HSLS31,HSLS32)

CellType Trait Normal Mutation

Skin FurColor BlackFur WhiteFur

Gamete EyeColor BrownEyes RedEyes

Muscle FurThickness ThickFur ThinFur

Nerve TailLength LongTail ShortTail

a.Whitefur b.RedEyes c.ThinFur d.ShortTail61.Ifnondisjunctionoccursduringmeiosis(B4.2e,B4.3B,B4.3f)(HSLS32)

a.onlytwogametesmayforminsteadoffourb.somegametesmayhaveanextracopyofsomegenesc.thechromatidsdonotseparated.itoccursduringprophase

62.Typhoidfever,adiseasethatcausesheadaches,digestiveupset,andahighfever,iscausedbythebacterium,Salmonellatyphi.Typhoidcanbespreadfrompersontopersonbycontaminatedwaterorfoodorbylackofcleanliness.Sincethe19thcentury,thenumberofindividualsinfectedwiththisdiseasehasdecreased.Whichstatementbestexplainswhythenumberofpeoplewiththisdiseaseandotherbacterialdiseaseshasdecreasedoverthelast100years?(B1.2B,B1.2k)

a.Scientistshavecorrectedthedamagedgenesthatcausetyphoidfeverandotherinfectiousdiseasesb.Publichealthofficialshaveplacedbettercontrolsontheuseoftoxicsubstancesthatcausethesediseasesc.Typhoidfever,likemostotherbacterialdiseases,isoftencausebyalackofpropernutritiond.Personalhabits,suchashandwashing,havegreatlyreducedcontaminationfrombacteria

63.Exposingapopulationofplantstoradiationorcertainchemicalscanincreasethefrequencyofmutationsthatoccurwithinthepopulation.(B4.2e)(HSLS32)

a.True b.False64.AspeciesoffinchhasbeenstudiedononeofthegeographicallyisolatedGalapagosIslandsformanyyears.Sincetheislandissmall,thelineageofeverybirdforseveralgenerationsisknown.Thisallowsafamilytreeofeachbirdtobedeveloped.Somefamilygroupshavesurvivedandothershavediedout.Thegroupsthatsurviveprobablyhave(B5.1A,B5.1B,B5.1D,B5.1e,B5.1g,B5.3B)(HSLS41,HSLS42,HSLS43,HSLS44,HSLS45)

a.interbredwithotherspeciesb.inheritedsomeadvantageousvariationsc.foundnewplacesontheislandtolived.beenattackedbymorepredators

65.Whichofthefollowingprovidesthemostconclusiveevidencethatorganismsoftwodifferentspeciesshareacommonancestor?(B.5.1C,B5.2B)(HSLS41,HSLS42,HSLS43,HSLS44,HSLS45)

a.Theyliveinthesameecosystem. c.TheyhavesimilarDNAsequences

b.Theyreproduceatthesametime. d.Theyhavesimilarbodymovements

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66.Theillustrationbelowshowsthepelvicboneofamoderndaybaleenwhaleandareconstructionofanextinctwhalebaseduponfossilevidence.

Whatisthebestexplanationforthepresenceofthevestigiallimbsinbothwhalespecies?(B5.1e,B5.1f)(HSLS41,HSLS42,HSLS43,HSLS45)

a.Whaleshavefunctioninghindlimbsandcanwalkonlandwhennecessary.

b.Whalesareevolvingintoaspeciesthatwilleventuallyhavefourlegs.

c.Whalesevolvedfromaspeciesthathadfunctioninghindlimbs.

d.Whaleslosttheirhindlimbsbecausetheystoppedusingthem.67.Asinglespeciesofsquirrelevolvedovertimeintotwospecies,duetothechangingofgenesinresponsetotheirenvironment,eachonoppositesideoftheGrandCanyon.Thischangewasmostlikelydueto(DOK2)(5.3C,E,B2.2G)(HSLS11,HSLS42,HSLS44,HSLS45)

a.highmutationratesononesideb.lowgeneticdiversityintheinitialpopulationc.theisolationofthetwogroupsd.differencesinreproductiverates

68.Asinglespeciesofsquirrelevolvedovertimeintotwospecies,eachonoppositesideoftheGrandCanyon.OnbothsidesoftheGrandCanyonawindstormknocksoutallnutproducingtrees.ThesquirrelspeciesononesideoftheGrandCanyondiesoff,buttheothersquirrelspeciescontinuestothrive.Whichofthefollowingbestexplainswhy?(DOK2)(5.3D)(HSLS42,HSLS44,HSLS45)

a.bothsquirrelspeciesfedonthenuttreesonlyb.bothsquirrelspecieshadadiversedietc.onesquirrelspeciesonlyfedonnuttreeswhiletheotherhadadiversedietd.bothsquirrelspeciesonlyfedonnuttrees,butonewasabletoadapttoberries

69.Thespineofaseaurchinandthequillofaporcupineare...

a.Analogousstructures c.Divergentevolutionb.Homologousstructures d.Vestigialstructures

70.Whichofthesewouldhavetheleasteffectonnaturalselectioninasubspeciesofgiraffesthatisgeographicallyisolatedfromothersubspeciesofgiraffes?

a.availableniches c.chromosomenumberb.existingpredators d.availablefoodresources

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