biology chapter 2 text answers - s3.amazonaws.com...xylem tissue transports water and dissolved...
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Biology
Chapter 2 The Structure and Function of Leaves
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Three basic leaf shapes.
Broad and Flat Long and Narrow
Needlelike or Scalelike
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In what other ways do leaves vary from plant
to plant?Leaves also vary in texture or thickness
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Leaf Arrangements
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Rosette leaf arrangementshas a cluster of leaves growing at its base
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Opposite Leaf Arrangementshave 2 leaves attached to each node: leaves re arranged at
right angles to the leaves
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Alternate Leaf Arrangementshave only one leaf growing from each node: leaves are
arranged in an alternating pattern
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Whorled Leaf Arrangementshave 3 or more leaves growing from each node
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How leaves orient themselves so that each blade is at about a 90 degree angle
to the source of light
the petiole is able to twist and turn in order to
maintain the proper angle with the light source
(phototropism)
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What is the function of xylem and phloem?
xylem tissue transports water and dissolved minerals
upward to the leaves: phloem tissue transports food
manufactured in the leaves downward to the rest of the plant
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What kind of tissue forms the majority of a leaf?
Parenchyma (food-making) tissue
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Describe parallel, pinnate, and palmate venation.
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Parallel venation: veins are usually parallel to each other along the length of
the leaf
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Pinnate Venationwings are in a branching pattern, characterized by
one major twin (the midrib) with smaller veins extending outward from it
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Palmate Venationtwo or more major veins extend outward from
one point
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What are the 3 main parts of every cell?
cell membrane, nucleus and cytoplasm
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Purpose of cell membranes and cell walls
to separate from environment and regulate what enters and leaves the cell and to provide the cell
with support and protection, allowing the stems and leaves of plants to stand erect.
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What form is glucose usually
transported throughout a
plant?
sucrose
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In what forms do plants store excess sugars?
starch
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The process of photosynthesis
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What are the factors which affect the rate of photosynthesis?
the primary factors are the amount of water available, the amount of carbon dioxide available, transportation and the
intensity of the sunlight
Light is the MOST IMPORTANT factor
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List the names and colors of three common leaf pigments normally hidden
by chlorophyll.
xanthophyll (yellow) carotene (yellowish-orange)
anthocyanin (bright red, blue or purple)
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What are the 5 factors that can affect the rate of transpiration?
* humidity of the air * temperature intensity of
the sunlight * wind speed
* amount of carbon dioxide in the air
* amount of soil water available
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How are a leaf’s stomata open and closed?
when the guard cells are turgid (swollen with water), the stomata are opened; when the guard cells lose water, the
stomata close