IMPROVEMENTS

Come up with better sig fig example problem, have pittsburgh one, which is ok. Should have one that we come back to several times.

Name (& nickname) Pd_______

1. Who you live with (names and relationship)2. What grade do you expect to earn in this class? 3. How do you learn best? What can I do to help

you learn? 4. What are you good at?5. What are you not so good at?6. Favorite school subject? Why?

7. Interests (sports/activities/games/hobbies) 8. Movies; Bands/artists; sports teams you like9. Planned future occupation

Bell Ringer 9/15/14 – 3 minutes

START A NEW BELL RINGER SHEET!How many sig figs are in the following numbers?1. 52,0002. 0.00703. 23.40004. W5SAYWoS

Bell Ringer 9/16/14 – 2 minutes

1. What is volume?2. What is mass?

Do Sig Fig Wkst

Measurements in science

Today you are going to…take notes on measurements

So you can…Define length, mass, & volume and give the base units for each.Differentiate between mass and weight

Explain the difference between fundamental and derived units

You’ll know you’ve got it when youcan complete the “Measurement Questions” worksheet

2 Basic Measuring Systems

Metric Developed in 1790’s in

France Based on scale of 10 Same base unit…uses

prefixes for different sizes

English Developed 100’s of years

ago No consistent scale Uses different units for

different sizes…all memorization

Types of Units Fundamental unit

Fundamental means “foundation or basis; basic” Measured Compared to a standard, accepted worldwide Ex. ___________________________________

Derived unit Calculated (math done to find them) Combination of fundamental units Ex. ___________________________________

The neat (important) thing about derived units is they often tell you how they were derived!!

Some Fundamental Units(just glance at this…notes to come)

The Measurements SI UNITS Eng. UnitsLength Meter (m) Feet (ft)

Mass Kilogram (kg) Slug

Volume Liter (L) Gallon (gal)

Temperature Kelvin (K) Fahrenheit(°F)

Amount of Substance Mole (mol) Mole (mol)

Electric Current Ampere (A) Ampere (A)

Time Second (s) Second (s)

Measurements in Science Most scientists and almost all countries use the

International System of Units. “SI Units” (metric system)

Why is the abbreviation “SI” instead of “IS”? Length – meter (m) Mass – gram (g) Volume – liter (L) Time – second (s) Temperature – Kelvin (K) (but we’ll use Celsius oC)

Length the distance from one point to another inches, feet, miles, millimeters, fathoms The SI base unit of length is the meter.

1 meter = 39.37 inches What English unit most closely resembles a meter? How does it compare to a meter?

The English system “base” is the inch. 1 inch = 2.54 centimeters

Compare km, m, cm, & mm to mi, yd, in, & ½ in

Mass how much matter is in an object Directly related to weight…but NOT the same

Weight is a FORCE (push or pull), mass is not Weight changes with location, but mass does not

The SI unit of mass is the kilogram. The English unit of mass is the slug.

We don’t use mass much in the U.S.A….we use weight instead. That’s one of the reasons people get mass and weight confused!!!

MassSlug It is a mass that accelerates by 1 ft/s2 when a one

pound-force is exerted on it. It weighs 32.17 lbs on Earth.

Bell Work 9/16/14 - 3 minComplete # 1-17 in your notes.

Volume

Volume how much space something takes up English system – gallons (quarts, pints, cups, fluid ounces) SI unit - liter Dump water!

1 mL = ___ cm3

Volume 1 liter = 1000 mL = 1000 cm3

Volume To find volume of a regular solid: To find volume of irregular solid: To find volume of liquid:

Temperature

Temperature - measure of the average amount of kinetic energy of the molecules in a substance.

SI unit - Kelvin (K) we usually use the Celsius (oC) scale

Room temperature 20 – 25o C A warm sunny day 30o C.

Water boils at 100o C and freezes at 0o C.

50.0 in = ? mi

50 cm = ? km

Bell Work 9/16/14 - 3 min1. Define & give the SI & English units for:

a. lengthb. volumec. mass

2. What are two ways mass and weight are different?

Bell work music!https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vhHynAxHURA

Today you are going to…take notes on metric measurements

So you can…Convert between metric units.

You’ll know you’ve got it when youcan complete “Metric to Metric Conversion Worksheet #1”

Something not everyone knows about Kevin…

Metric PrefixesKevin Hates Dating Because Dating Costs Money

Kilo Hecto Deka Base Deci Centi Milli1000 100 10 1 0.1 0.01 0.001

Which way? How many?

*note the Greek letter mu on micro!

1. 25.5 g = ____________ mg

2. 58.5 km = ______________ cm

3. 58.5 cm = ______________ hm

4. 90 daL = _________________ kL

5. 4.45 cm = _____________________________ m

Extreme Metric Prefixes!

Kilo Hecto Deka Base Deci Centi Milli1000 100 10 1 0.1 0.01 0.001

Micro ( μ) 1/1,000,000 (10-6)Nano (n) 1/1,000,000,000 (10-9)

Pico (p) 1/1,000,000,000,000 (10-12)

Mega (M) 1,000,000 (106) One million Giga (G) 1,000,000,000 (109) One billion!

Tera (T) 1,000,000,000,000 (1012) One trillion!

Bell Work 9/15 – 5 minutes

1 km = __________ m kilo means ___________

1 cm = __________ m centi means __________

1mm = _________ m milli means __________

Convert the following…1. 25 kg = _________ g2. 37 dam = ___________ cm3. 90 mL = ______________ kL4. 15 Mm = ___________________ m

1. 25.5 g = ____________ dag2. 58.5 nm = ______________ dm3. 90 mL = _________________ kL4. 4.45 pm = _____________________________ mm

Common Mistakes

Prefix M is Mega, prefix m is milli m alone is NOT milli, it’s “meter” Move the decimal, don’t just add zeros! Don’t count your house (the unit you start on)! Da is deca & d is deca Moving the wrong direction…draw an arrow! The worst mistake is…GIVING UP! The second worst mistake is…NOT ASKING

FOR HELP!

Tip!

If writing a tiny number (decimal with lots of places) leave a space between every three numbers. DO IT!!!!

0.0000000000003454 meters 0.000 000 000 000 345 4 meters

Work on worksheet!

Bell Work 9/18/14 – 4 min

Get your homework out & turn it upsidedown on your desk so we can check it.

1. 6.0 kL = _________________________ L2. 65 mg = _________________________ g3. 8.9 L = _________________________ cL4. 45 dL = _________________________ hL5. 502 Gm = _________________________ cm

Bell Work 9/20/13 – 4 min

Get your homework out & turn it upsidedown on your desk so I can check it.

Try using the chart above for this one!1. 5.5 mL = _________________________ L2. 650 dg = _________________________ g3. 57 nm = _________________________ m4. 4.45 TL = ________________________ ML5. 50.2 pm = _________________________ nm

Bell Ringer 9/14 – 3 minutesIdentify the SI and English unit that would be used to measure…

1. Length of:A. Your foot B. A football fieldC. from here to Irwin D. from here to CaliforniaE. an eyelash F. a cell

2. Volume of:A. Your head B. A thimble C. The school D. a Jacuzzi tub

3. Mass of:A. Your head B. a bowling ballC. The building D. an eyelash

Bell Work 9/26/12 – 4 minRound the following numbers to the number of sig figs

indicated.1 Sig Fig 2 Sig Figs 3 Sig

Figs

Ex. 488.67

1) 521.2

2) 448.6

3) 0.086005

4) 48 000

1. 1 m = _________________ cm centi means _________________2. 1 m = _________________ mm milli means _________________3. 1 km = _________________ m kilo means

__________________4. 23 kg = _________________ g5. 8.25 g = ______________________ cg6. 59 hg = ______________________ mg7. 14 mm = ______________________ cm8. 6.48 daL = ______________________ mL9. 23.5 ML = ______________________ hL10. 210 Mg = ______________________ pg

Quiz

Bell Work 9/26 – 3 min

Convert all to mL1. 456.0 L2. 25.300 kL3. 0.00020 nL4. 490 TL5. 85 daL6. 1 000 dL

Bell Work 9/27/12 – 4 minWhat is the point of significant figures? (c.s.)

Take everything off ur desk for ze quiz!!

Quiz

Today you are going to…take notes on accuracy & precision

So you can…define & differentiate between accuracy & precision and give

examples.

You’ll know you’ve got it when youcan answer the questions at the end of class

Accuracy & Precision Accuracy getting the correct answer on average.

might not always get the same answer, but their average is close to right answer.

Precision is consistently getting close answers, or “repeatability” It might not be correct. precise measurements have more sig figs

Describe the X’s on this deer using accuracy and precision.

300,000 people live in Pittsburgh.

306,500 people live in Pittsburgh.

Which measurement is the most precise?

5 m 5.0 m 5.00 m 5.000 m

Wanna see Mr. Murray’s tattoo?

Which measurement below is the most precise?

1. 9 g2. 8.9 g3. 8.92 g4. 8.919 g5. 8.9187 g6. 8.91871 g

The measurements below are for the length of a 4.55 m desk. Describe them in terms of accuracy and precision.

1. 5 m2. 5 m3. 3 m4. 4 m5. 3 m6. 4 m7. 6 m

The measurements below are for the length of a 9.505 m lab desk. Describe them in terms of accuracy and precision.

1. 8.902. 8.953. 8.934. 8.945. 8.976. 8.94

Precision & Measurement!

When measuring, estimate one digit past the markings on the measuring device.

The more precise a measuring instrument is, the more significant figures there are in it’s measurements. Which below is most precise?

Today you are going to…take notes on significant figures

So you can…Explain the point of significant figures & know how to use

them

You’ll know you’ve got it when youcan complete the worksheet

Significant Figures

Sometimes not all of the digits in a number have meaning. 300,000 people live in Pittsburgh. The city spent $6.2 million dollars on signs. I weigh 150 lbs.

Significant Figures

Significant Figures When decisions and calculations are made based

on numbers, it is important to know which of these figures have meaning. Ex. The city wants to know how much more in taxes it

would make if it enforced a mandatory $1.80 fee on all 300,000 people living in Pittsburgh.

Science is one of these times. Chemicals are expensive. You want to make sure you

know how much of each chemical to mix together to cause a complete reaction.

Significant Figures Ex. The city wants to know how much more in

taxes it would make if it enforced a mandatory $1.75 fee on all 300,000 people living in Pittsburgh.

300,000 x $1.75 = $525,000

287,302 x $1.75 = $502,778.50

What’s the difference between 4 cm and 4.00 cm?

Significant Figures

Significant Figures Significant Figures

Digits in a number that have meaning Measured numbers can never be completely precise

0.00067 807.504.0 0.5004.00 0.2024.000 9.80 x 106

Decimal point PresentCount from Pacific side, starting with 1st nonzero & counting all numbers afterwards

670 8 000 000 00045 000 72 001890 80018000 2.00 x 106

Decimal point AbsentCount from Atlantic side, starting with 1st nonzero & counting all numbers afterwards

500 5 000 000 000500. 892.02.00 0.00580.00580 100.50

Some numbers have infinite sig figs

Exact Conversions 1 mi = 5,280 ft1 kg = 1000 g

Counted numbers (when not estimated/rounded)4 monkeys8 cars

Put your homework upsidedown on your desk.How many sig. figs in the following?1. 55002. 1.03. 2.504. 525,6005. 5.90 x 108

6. 0.000 055 07. 1,000,000,000

Bell Work 9/24/13 – 2 minutes

Bell Work 9/28/12 – minutes

1. Kilo means __________2. Centi means ___________3. Milli means ____________

4. (0.02500)(2.0) = 0.05

5. (12 000)(3) = 36 000

6. (80.00) ÷ (2.00) = 40

Return & Review QuizCheck & Review HW Multiplying & Dividing Sig FigsRounding Sig FigsSig Fig & Scientific NotationFinish Wkst

Today’s Schedule

Put your homework upsidedown on your desk.Round to the correct number of sig figs.1. 5500 x 2 = 11 0002. 5500 x 2.0 = 11 0003. 8.000 x 3 = 244. 8.000 x 3.0 = 245. 8.000 x 3.00 = 246. 800.0 x 3.00 = 2400

Bell Work 9/26/13 – 2 minutes

Check HW Multiplying & Dividing Sig FigsRounding Sig FigsSig Fig & Scientific NotationAccuracy & precisionDensity!

Today’s Schedule

Rounding Sig Figs

3 Sig Fig 2 Sig Figs 1 Sig Figs

521.2

448.6

0.086705

48 000

Multiplying & Dividing Sig Figs

Round your answer to have the same number of sig figs as the least precise number.

(525.5)(10.0)

(0.4020)(3.0)

(0.086705)(3.20)(2.0)

(48 000) / (2)

Measure this pencil!

Rules of Significant Figures Measuring with a ruler/meter stick

Estimate 1 digit beyond the smallest unit of the device.

Place the object at 0, not the end of the ruler!

Rules of Significant Figures Measuring

Estimate 1 digit beyond the smallest unit of the device.

Measuring Volume!

Measure length, width, and height and multiply them!

Measuring Volume in a Graduated Cylinder

Make sure to: Notice the scale! Get “eye level” with the G.C. Read the bottom of the meniscus Estimate one digit

Measuring Area of a Rectangle

1. Measure the sides of the rectangle.2. Multiply them together.3. Round to the correct number of sig figs.

Measuring Volume

If the object is irregular, use the water displacement method. Put some water in a graduated cylinder Record the water level Add the object Record the new water level Subtract to find volume of object!

Bell Ringer 10/2/12 – 5 min1. 12.0 x 2 = 3.

6. Draw this graduated Cylinder with 11.77 ml of water in it.

5.

4.

2.

ANYONE ALLERGIC TO CHOCOLATE CHIP COOKIES?

HUH…I GUESS MR. MURRAY COULD HAVE BROUGHT SOME :P

Bell Work 9/10/10 – 6 minutes

1. Get your homework out…do not work on it after the tardy bell rings!

2. Define mass in your own words. (C.S.)3. Define volume in your own words. (C.S.)4. Compare and contrast mass and weight. (C.S.)5. Convert 550 cm3 to mL.

Bell Work 9/20 – 5 minutes

1 km = __________ m kilo means ___________

1 m = __________ cm centi means ___________

1m = __________ mm milli means ___________

Convert the following… 3.23 kg = _________ g 80.5 hm = ___________ cm 0.055 mL = ______________ kL 1155 nm = _________ mm

% Error Percentages depend on the reference point. A

McDonalds large pop contains 960 mL (32 oz). A medium contains 720 mL (24 oz). Using percentages, How much more soda is in the large than the medium?

How much less pop is in the medium than the large?

% Error How wrong are you? Take the value you got minus the true value (the

right answer). Then divide that by the true value. Then multiply that by 100.

(Observed Value - True Value)Percent Error = -------------------------------------------- x 100%                                               True Value

% Error

When finding percent error in an experiment, you use the accepted value as your reference point.

% Error How wrong are you? If your percent error is positive, your value was too

_________.

If your percent error is negative, your value was too ______.

Find the % error of the following You got: 37.5 g/mL Actual Value: 39.3 g/mL You got: 1,240 kg Actual Value: 1,310 kg

3. An object “should” have a density of 26.3 g/mL. According to your lab, it has a density of 33.9 g/mL.

4. You found a density of 54.8 g/mL. According to research, the substance has a density of 51.4 g/mL.

5. Though the accepted value is 803 g, according to your measurements the object has a mass Of 822 g.

28.9%

Adding & Subtracting Sig Figs

Round your answer to be as precise as the least precise number.

61.00 / 10.000

61.00 / 10

(0.086705)(3.20)(2.0)

(48 000) / (2)

Mr & Mrs. Know It All

A crocodile cannot stick out its tongue

Bell Ringer 9/14 – 3 minutesIdentify the SI and English unit that would be used to measure…

1. Length of:A. Your foot B. A football fieldC. from here to Irwin D. from here to CaliforniaE. an eyelash F. a cell

2. Volume of:A. Your head B. A thimble C. The school D. a cell

3. Mass of:A. Your head! B. a bowling ballC. The building D. an eyelash

Reading Strategies Highlight key points Sound out words Look later in sentence/reading for meaning of words Write notes in margin – what you don’t understand or

think Reread Simplify/summarize Replace words Chunking