Background & Demonstration

1 hour Webinar with 15-minutes of Q&A

All attendees are muted

Questions? – Use ‘Questions’ Pane

Webinar Recording – NRMCA Channel

Presentation to be posted on website 01.24.2017

Your Presenter…Brian Killingsworth, P.E.

National Ready Mix Concrete Association

• Executive Vice President, Division Head for Local Paving• Focus on Parking Lot and Street Promotion and Technical Assistance• 6½ years with NRMCA• 19 years as Paving Consultant• Pavement Design, Materials, Construction, & Forensics• BSCE, MSCE – Texas A&M University

11/6/2017

MENH

VT

NY

PA

MA

NJ

MD

VA

NC

WV

SCGA

OH

TN

AL

KY

MS

INIL

WI

MO

FL

AR

LA

IA

MN

KS

NE

ND

WYSD

MT

CO

NMAZ

UT

OK

TX

ID

NV

WA

CA

OR

AK

HI

MI

PR

DE

CT RI

Amanda Hult, P.E.Senior Director

Southeast

Ken Justice, P.E.Senior Director

Midwest

Don Clem, P.E.Vice President

Northwest

Jon HansenSenior Vice President

Southwest

Phil KresgeVice President

East Central

Luke McHugh, P.E.Senior Director

Northeast

Brian Killingsworth, P.E.Executive Vice President

Team Lead

www.PaveAhead.com‘Meet The Experts’ Page

Do You need professional development hours (PDHs)?• If you need a pdh certificate, send request to

bkillingsworth@nrmca.org from the email you registered with.

• After confirmation of your registration, a pdf copy of the certificate will be emailed back to you within two weeks.

• For multiple attendees from one site registration, include a list of names and email addresses for all attendees with a statement confirming that all attendees completed the webinar.

Agenda• Need and Relevance• Development and Technical Background• Methodologies and References for Design (and Construction!)• Design Demonstrations

• Parking Lots• Streets and Roads• Intermodal

• Questions and Answers• Q&A handled through ‘Questions’ Pane.

PavementDesigner.org Partners

• American Concrete Pavement Association

• National Ready Mix Concrete Association &

RMC Research & Education Foundation

• Portland Cement Association

• RCC Pavement Council

Need and Relevance – Addressing Demand

• AASHTOWare Pavement ME – DOT Paving Projects

• Non-DOT agencies and consultants seeking design tools that are:• affordable,

• easy-to-understand in terms of input/output,

• applicable to traffic levels that are low to moderate, and

• utilizes widely available, cost effective materials characterization.

• Designers value quick-access design tools, providing robust answers

• Students looking for technology to assist with course work

• Professors often favor simple-to-implement solutions• no complicated or expensive licensing terms or lab setup

Need and Relevance – Provides Alternative to PaveXpress and I-PAVE

Website design tools sponsored by asphalt industry.Debatably conservative designs for rigid pavements.

Need and Relevance – Provides Alternative to PaveXpress and I-PAVE

• I-PAVE underrepresents foundation support• PaveXpress claims to follow AASHTO design methods but results show otherwise…

• Conservative thickness results for PCC lead to first-cost competitive disadvantagesFor details, see: Ferrebee, E. (Oct. 2015). I-PAVE and PaveXpress: Equitable Pavement Design? http://www.acpa.org/position-papers/

PCC Materials Run

Modulus of Rupture (psi)

Elastic Modulus (psi)

1 (Baseline) 690 4,000,0002 600 4,000,0003 662 4,000,0004 750 4,000,0005 600 2,564,5006 662 4,000,0007 690 4,634,5008 750 6,014,5009 690 2,564,500

10 690 6,014,500

Need and Relevance – Unify Industry Design Tools• Many existing design programs:

• ACPA StreetPave 12: Structural Design Software for Street and Road Concrete Pavement

• ACPA AirPave 11: Structural Design Software for Airport Concrete Pavement

• ACPA WinPAS 12: Structural Design of Concrete Pavement by AASHTO 1993 Method

• ACPA BCOA: Bonded Concrete Overlay on Asphalt Thickness Design Calculator

• Univ. of Pitt BCOA-ME: Bonded Concrete Overlay on Asphalt Thickness Design

• NRMCA Concrete Pavement Analyst (CPA): Concrete Pavement Design for Parking Lots

• PCA RCCPav: Structural Design of Roller-Compacted Concrete for Industrial Pavements

• PCA PCAPav: Structural Design of Concrete Pavement

• Can be challenging for designers to determine best choice and get consistent results and recommendations across software products

• Could contribute to negative perception that cement-based pavement solutions are difficult to design

Overview and Background• ACPA, NRMCA, and PCA partnership, with a contribution from

the RCC Council to develop a website application to design cement-based solutions for:• Streets and Local Roads• Parking Lots• Intermodal/Industrial Facilities

• Design guidance and tools for:• Jointed-Plain Concrete Pavements• Continuously Reinforce Concrete Pavement• Concrete Overlays• Composite Pavements• Roller Compacted Concrete• Cement Modified Soils• Cement-Treated Base• Full-Depth Reclamation

Bringing Online the Best Available Design Tools for Multiple Platforms

Concrete Pavement Design Basics

• Failure modes are cracking and faulting• Roots date back to the 1960s PCA Method• Tailored for parking lots and streets

Cracking: Limit Stress Ratio to Allow Design Reps

• PavementDesigner (SR) = Stress / Concrete Strength

• PavementDesigner makes slab thicker to limit stress ratio low enough to achieve the design traffic repetitions

0.4

0.5

0.6

0.7

0.8

0.9

1

1.E+00 1.E+01 1.E+02 1.E+03 1.E+04 1.E+05 1.E+06 1.E+07 1.E+08 1.E+09 1.E+10

Stre

ss R

atio

Repetitions

Fatigue Data

StreetPave R=95%

Inference space normalized to SR

Faulting: Function of Erosion Potential Below Slab

• If dowels used, faulting mitigated & fails by cracking

• No faulting data collected at the AASHO road test so model developed in 1980s using field performance data from WI, MN, ND, GA, and CA

• Similar to cracking models, the pavement is made thicker, as necessary, until faulting model predicts that the pavement will not fail by faulting during the design life

• Future version of PavementDesigner will include revised erosion & faulting model

Traffic Spectrum + Axle Counts

• Total trucks in design lane over the design life… calculated from trucks/day (2-way), traffic growth rate (%/yr), design life (yrs), directional distribution (%) and design lane distribution (%)

Single Axles

Axle Load (kip) Axles/1,000 Trucks

34 0.19

32 0.54

30 0.63

28 1.78

26 3.52

24 4.16

22 9.69

20 41.82

18 68.27

16 57.07

Tandem Axles

Axle Load (kip) Axles/1,000 Trucks

60 0.57

56 1.07

52 1.79

48 3.03

44 3.52

40 20.31

36 78.19

32 109.54

28 95.79

24 71.16

Rigid Pavement Thickness Design – Technical Guidance & ReferenceConstruction Type Parking Lots Streets Intermodal

New Construction:

Technical Manuals & Reference ACI 330-08

JPCP - ACI 325.12R-02 (2013)RCC - Guide for RCC CP Tech

CRCP - FHWA-HIF-16-026Composite – PCA Pubs

ACI 330.2R-17

Concrete Overlay (Bonded):

Technical Manuals & ReferenceCP Tech Center Guide to

Concrete Overlays of Asphalt Parking Lots

CP Tech Center Guide to Concrete Overlays (3rd Ed.) &

FHWA-ICT-08-016

No Standard Industry Guidance

Use ACI 330.2R-17 for reference

Concrete Overlay (Unbonded):

Technical Manuals & Reference ACI 330-08 (Design as new composite pavement)

CP Tech Center Guide to Concrete Overlays (3rd Ed.)

No Standard Industry Guidance

Use ACI 330.2R-17 for reference

Parking Lots – New Construction

Design Guidance For ConventionalConcrete Parking Lots

ACI 330-08

www.concrete.org

Parking Lots – New Construction

Design Criteria:

Minimize Mid-Slab Cracking

Support Materials From NRMCA• ACI 330-Quick Reference

• FAQ Parking Lots

• Lighting Benefits

• Design Assistance Program

• www.PaveAhead.com

Streets – New Construction (JPCP)

Design Guidance For ConventionalConcrete Streets and Local Roadways

ACI 325.12R-02 [2013]

www.concrete.org

Streets – New Construction (JPCP)

Design Criteria:

Minimize Faulting (Under Slab Erosion) and Mid-Slab Cracking

NRMCA Technical Support for JPCP StreetsTab 0 - Executive Summary & Table of Contents Tab 1 - Introduction to Rigid Pavements Tab 2 - Rigid Pavement Design Tab 3 - Code Language for Rigid Pavement Adoption Tab 4 - Determining the Soil Support Value for Design Tab 5 - Traffic Classification Tab 6 - Design Optimization Tab 7 - Materials and Construction Specifications Tab 8 - ConstructionTab 9 – Concrete Mixtures Tab 10 - Construction and Inspection Tab 11 - Maintenance and Rehabilitation Tab 12 - Sustainability Tab 13 - Certifications for Production and Construction Tab 14 - Example Pavement Design Report

https://paveahead.com/resources/

Streets – New Construction (CRCP)

Continuously Reinforced ConcretePavement Manual*

FHWA HIF-16-026

*In cooperation with the Concrete Reinforcing Steel Institute (CRSI)

Also see CRCPavement.org

CRCP Design with Pavement Designer

• PavementDesigner recommends using AASHTOWare’s Pavement ME

• Use PavementDesigner to get an estimated design with AASHTO 93

Streets – New Construction (CRCP)

AASHTO 93: Selection of steel reinforcement by crack spacing, maximum crack width, and maximum steel stress.

Streets – New Construction (RCC)

Guide for Roller-Compacted Concrete Pavements

National Concrete Pavement Technology Centerwww.cptechcenter.org

Streets – New Construction (RCC)

Design Criteria:

Minimize Faulting (Under Slab Erosion) and Mid-Slab Cracking

Streets – New Construction (Composite)

Guide to Full-Depth Reclamation With Cement

National Concrete Pavement Technology Centerwww.cptechcenter.org

Other References:PCA Publications on

Cement Modified Soils &Cement Treated Bases

Streets – New Construction (Composite)*

JPCP Design Criteria:

Minimize Faulting (Under Slab Erosion) and Mid-Slab Cracking

*Also Options for Design of HMA or Chip Seals On Cement Treated Materials

Parking Lots – Bonded Concrete Overlay On Asphalt

www.cptechcenter.org

Guide to Concrete Overlays of Asphalt Parking Lots

National Concrete Pavement Technology Center

Parking Lots – Bonded Concrete Overlay On Asphalt

Design Criteria:

Minimize Mid-Slab Cracking

Streets – Bonded and Unbonded Concrete Overlays(On Concrete or Asphalt)

www.cptechcenter.org

Guide to Concrete Overlays, Third Edition

National Concrete Pavement Technology Center

Streets – Bonded Overlays on Asphalt

Design and Concrete Material Requirements for Ultra-Thin White Topping (Bonded

Concrete Overlays)

Illinois Center for Transportation

http://ict.illinois.edu/research/publications/

Streets – Bonded Overlays on Asphalt

BCOA-ME Theory Manual: Bonded Concrete Overlays of Asphalt Pavements Mechanistic-

Empirical Design Guide

University of Pittsburgh

http://www.engineering.pitt.edu/Sub-Sites/Faculty-Subsites/J_Vandenbossche/BCOA-ME/BCOA-ME/

Streets – Bonded Concrete Overlay On Asphalt

Design Criteria:

Minimize Mid-Slab Cracks

Intermodal – New Construction (JPCP)

Guide for the Design and Constrction of Concrete Site Paving for Industrial and

Trucking Facilities

ACI 330.2R-17

www.concrete.org

Intermodal – New Construction (JPCP)

Design Criteria:

Minimize Cracking by

Focusing Stress Ratio

(Calc Flex Stress/Flex Strength)

What About Pervious Concrete Pavement?

Pervious Concrete 6” – 10”

Open-Graded Base 6” – 24”+

Filter Fabric (optional)

Subgrade

Water Table

Pervious Concrete: Designing Cross-Sectional ThicknessTwo-Step Design Procedure:

• Structural Design: For Traffic Loading Conditions (PavementDesigner.org or PerviousPave)• Hydrologic Design: For Environmental Conditions

• Select the greater required thickness

Source: Charger Enterprises, Inc.

www.acpa.org/perviouspave/

Pervious Concrete References - ACI 522R-10 • Provides technical information on pervious concrete’s:

• application,• properties, and• construction methods.

www.concrete.org

Summary –• Primary audience is city, county, and consultant

engineers who design pavements

• Secondary audience is professors and students

• Unifies design methods, providing promoters with a single source to direct target audience to for consistent answers

• Fills a design void for some products

• Web-based platform, appealing to existing and future generations of design engineers…

• …with broad industry partner support!

• FREE and easily accessible!

Do You need professional development hours (PDHs)?• If you need a pdh certificate, send request to

bkillingsworth@nrmca.org from the email you registered with.

• After confirmation of your registration, a pdf copy of the certificate will be emailed back to you within two weeks.

• For multiple attendees from one site registration, include a list of names and email addresses for all attendees with a statement confirming that all attendees completed the webinar.

Demo Time!

Try it out at: www.pavementdesigner.org

• Questions? – Use ‘Questions’ Pane

• Webinar Recording – NRMCA Channel

• Presentation to be posted on website