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What is an OLED?

OLED - Organic Light Emitting Diode.

An OLED is any light emitting diode (LED) whichemissive electroluminescent layer is composed of afilm of organic compounds.

An OLED is an electronic device made by placing aseries of organic thin films between two conductors.

When electrical current is applied, a bright light isemitted.

A device that is 100 to 500 nanometers thick orabout 200 times smaller than a human hair.

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The OLED Structure

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History of OLEDs First developed in the early 1950s in

France

1960s - AC-driven

electroluminescent cells usingdoped anthracene was developed

In a 1977 paper, Shirakawa et al.Reported high conductivity in

similarly oxidized and iodine-dopedpolyacetylene.

In 1990 electroluminescence inpolymers was discovered.

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How OLEDs Emit Light ??

The battery or power supply of the device

containing the OLED applies a voltageacross the OLED.

An electrical current flows from the cathode

to the anode through the organic layers.

(an electrical current is a flow of electrons)

At the boundary between the emissive and

the conductive layers, electrons find electron

holes.

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TYPES OF OLEDs

} PASSIVE OLED

}ACTIVE OLED

} FLEXIBLE OLED

} TRANSPARENT OLED

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PASSIVE OLED

The organic layer is between strips of cathode and anode thatrun perpendicular.

The intersections form the pixels

Easy to make

Use more power

Best for small screens

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ACTIVE OLED

Full layers of cathode and anode

Anode over lays a thin film transistor (TFT)

Requires less power

Higher refresh rates

Suitable for large screens

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Flexible OLED

A flexible organic light emitting diode (FOLED) is a typeof organic light-emitting diode (OLED) incorporating a

flexible plastic substrate on which the

electroluminescent organic semiconductor is deposited.This enables the device to be bent or rolled while still

operating.

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Transparent OLED

Transparent OLEDs use transparent or semi-transparent contacts on

both sides of the device to create displays that can be made to be both

top and bottom emitting (transparent). TOLEDs can greatly improve

contrast, making it much easier to view displays in bright sunlight

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Current Research for OLEDs

Manufacturers focusing on finding acheap way to produceo "Roll-to-Roll" Manufacturing

Increasing efficiency of blueluminance

Boosting overall lifespan

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Applications of OLEDs TVs Cell Phone screens Computer Screens Keyboards (Optimus Maximus) Lights

Portable Divice displays

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OLEDs as a Light Source

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OLED Televisions

Sony

Released XEL-1 in February 2009. First OLED TV sold in stores. 11'' screen, 3mm thin $2,500 MSRP Weighs approximately 1.9 kg

Wide 178 degree viewing angle 1,000,000:1 Contrast ratio

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Optimus Maximus Keyboard

Small OLED screen on every key

113 OLED screens total

Each key can be programmed to preform a

series of functions Keys can be linked to applications

Display notes, numerals, special symbols,HTML codes, etc...

SD card slot for storing settings

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Advantages of OLEDs

} Thinner, lighter and more flexible

} Easier to produce and make into larger sizes

} Much faster response time

}

Consume significantly less energy

}Able to display "True Black" picture

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Continues

}Wider viewing angles

} Thinner display

} Better contrast ratio

} Safer for the environment

}Has potential to be mass produced inexpensively

}OLEDs refresh almost 1,000 times faster then LCDs

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Disadvantages of OLEDs

Cost to manufacture is high.

Overall luminance degradation.

Constraints with lifespan .

Easily damaged by water.

Limited market availability.

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Current OLEDs

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Future Uses for OLED

Lighting Flexible / bendable lighting Wallpaper lighting defining new ways to light a space Transparent lighting doubles as a window

Cell Phones Nokia 888

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Continues

Transparent Car Navigation System on Windshield Using Samsungs' transparent OLED technology Heads up display GPS system

Scroll Laptop Nokia concept OLED Laptop

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Continues

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THANKXX!!

By:

ANKUSH AGARWAL

R K 200 1 B 1 1