an organic compound that is the body’s main source of energy. chapter 15
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•An organic compound that is the body’s main source of energy.
•Chapter 15
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Produced by green plants during photosynthesis.
The carbohydrate formed by photosynthesis is glucose
Glucose is the basic sugar molecule from which all other carbohydrates are built
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Complex Carbs vs. Simple Carbs (2:46)http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6esFOqj_IaY
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Range of Sweetness
Caramelization – browning reaction that can occur with any kind of sugarHow to caramelize sugar – http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HjqRzyZXwkA (1:38) http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jMiXJE3eXN0 (5:45)
Solubility – dissolve in water easily because of the many hydroxyl groups
Crystallization – occurs when you add more sugar to a solvent than it can dissolve. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WQdXbf8huuQ&list=TLWk1HVncEGRk (7:23)
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Must be broken down into sugar so they take longer to digest and will provide longer lasting energy
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Amylose – molecules are linear: they’re long and narrow like a line
Amylopectin – have multiple branches, like the veins in a leaf
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Cellulose is fiber that gives plants their structure.
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45-65% of calories should come from carbohydrates
Most should come from complex carbohydrates
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Lack of energy Uses protein as energy source Lack of vitamins, minerals, and fibers Not enough cushioning for the organs Central nervous system, kidneys, brain,
and muscles won’t function properly
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Stored as excess fat More susceptible to heart disease
Simple carbohydrates Raises blood sugar levels
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Whole grains Reduce risk of heart
disease minimize chances of
getting diabetes Oats
Slow down digestion Lowers cholesterol
Large amounts Makes you slow and sleepy