Ring

Straight Branched

Organic ChemistryCarbon Compound Shapes

The Main Biomolecules

Simple carbon compounds assemble to form the four main biomolecules:

CarbohydratesLipids

ProteinsNucleic Acids

Biomolecules are made of Monomers

Monomers Polymer

Monomer + Monomer + Polymer

Condensation/Polymerization Reaction

Building a Polymer Anabolic Reaction

Endergonic Reaction

A polymerase enzyme catalyzes this reaction

Condensation Reaction:

Dehydration Synthesis

H

OH

H

OH

05-02-Macromolecules.mov

E

N

E

R

G

YRate of Reaction

Anabolic Reactions are Endergonic

1. What Polymers would our cells have to build for our body?

A. Carbs

B. Proteins

C. Lipids

D. Nucleic Acids

2. What are the Monomers for each of the above Polymers?

Monosaccharides

Amino Acids

Glycerol & Fatty Acids

Nucleotides

Polymer + Water Monomer + Monomer

Hydrolysis Reaction

Breaking Down a Polymer Catabolic Reaction

Exergonic Reaction

+ Water

A hydrolase enzyme catalyzes this reaction

H2O

Polymer + Water Monomer + Monomer

H2O

H2O

H2O

Polymer + Water Monomer + Monomer

H2O

H2O

HOH

H OH

HOH

E

N

E

R

G

YRate of Reaction

Catabolic Reactions are Exergonic

1. What Polymers would our Digestive System have to break down for our cells?

A. Carbs

B. Proteins

C. Lipids

D. Nucleic Acids

2. What are the Monomers for each of the above Polymers?

Monosaccharides

Amino Acids

Glycerol & Fatty Acids

Nucleotides

Monomer + Monomer Polymer + Water

Condensation Reaction

Hydrolysis Reaction

Building Reaction

Breaking Down Reaction

Endergonic Reaction

Exergonic Reaction

Catabolism

Anabolism

The Main Biomolecules are Polymers

Polymers /macromolecules are strings of repeating units, identical / nearly identical compounds (monomers) linked together by covalent bonds.

Condensation reaction or polymerization: dehydration synthesis (anabolic) making a polymer from monomers

Hydrolysis reaction (catabolic) breaking a polymer into monomers