visual dictionary

Visual Dictionary

By: Towercrane

Air Barrier Paper

• Any solid material that blocks the flow of air.

Attic Ventilation

• Provides temperature and moisture control to allow for the best energy efficiency.

Soffit Vent

• An opening under the eave of a roof, used to allow air to flow into the attic or the space below the roof sheathing.

Ridge Vent

• A long, open assembly that allows air to circulate in and out of a gable roof at the ridge.

Gable Vent

• A screened, louvered opening in a gable, used for exhausting excess heat and humidity from an attic.

Roof Turbine

• Exhaust moist, hot air from your attic.

Backhoe/Front End Loader

• a hydraulic excavating machine consisting of a tractor having an attached hinged boom, with a bucket with movable jaws on the end of the boom. Used to break down and move soil and dirt.

Backhoe

• A bucket attached to the end of a boom with movable jaws

• This bucket measured approximately 2’ in diameter

Front End Loader

• a loader having a shovel or bucket at the end of an articulated arm located at the front of the vehicle. Used to move soil, dirt, and other big heavy objects.

Batter Boards

• A temporary framework used to assist in locating the corners when laying out a foundation or excavation.

Brick Arches

Elliptical Keystone

• a curved masonry construction for spanning an opening, in such a way that forces on the arch are transmitted as vertical or oblique stresses on either side of the opening.

Brick Arches

• Jack Arch Centering

Brick Bonds

Running Bond

• Stretchers laid continuously in rows one by one.

Stack Bond

• Brickwork consisting of the bricks being laid one on top of the other in an even stack.

Rowlocks

• A brick laid on its edge, with its end exposed in the face of the wall

Headers

• A brick or other masonry unit laid across two wythes with its end exposed in the face of the wall.

Soldiers

• A brick laid on its end, with its narrow face toward the outside of the wall.

Sailors

• Brick laid with full side of brick exposed.

Shiners

• Stretcher Rowlocks, known as Shiners.

Brick Sizes

• Modular Brick Standard• 3 ½”x 7 ½”x 2 ¼” 3 5/8”x 8”x 2 ¼”

Bulldozer

• a large, powerful tractor having a vertical blade at the front end for moving earth, tree stumps, rocks, etc.

Cladding

Wood Shake

• A material used as the exterior wall enclosure of a building.

Cladding

Stone- Course Rubble

Wood Board

Brick

EFIS

Code Requirements

• 3’ x 3’ Riser- 7 1/2”• 9 sf Tread- 11”• Sill Height 24”

• IBC- Windows 3’ x 3’. IBC- Riser max. of 7 ¾”. Tread min. of 10”– Max Clearance 9 sf– Sill Height max of 44”

Code Requirements

Window

This window meets IBC, due to its dimensions and area.

Also the sill height is below the maximum. So this window

meet the IBC Requirements.

Stairs

The stairs meet IBC, due to its dimensions as well. The

riser and tread for these stairs fall within the IBC

Requirements.

Concrete Joints

Control Joint

• An intentional, linear discontinuity in a structure or component designed to form a plane of weakness where cracking can occur in response to various forces to minimize cracking elsewhere

Isolation Joint

• Allows column to move independent of foundation. (Column from Slab) i.e.

Concrete Masonry Unit

• A block of hardened concrete, with or without hollow cores, designed to be laid in the same manner as a brick or stone; a concrete block.

• Typical dimensions- 8” high x 16” long

Decorative CMU

• Split Block Ribbed

• CMU units with texture, surface patterns, and color that come in unending variations. Used for design appeal.

Doors

Transom- A small window directly above a door.

Sidelight- A tall, narrow window alongside a door.

Exterior Flush Door

Sidelight

Transom

Top Rail

Panel

Stile

Lock rail

Bottom Rail

Electrical Components

Power Pole

• Provides power from the power plant and is then transferred to the transformer, which is then eventually routed to a nearby building.

Power Pole

Transformer

Service Head

• The assembly by which electricity is conducted from outdoor lines to the meter base.

Meter

• A box on which an electric meter is mounted.

Service Panel

• Distributes electricity throughout circuits in a building.

Duplex Receptacle

• Power outlet, used as a source of immediate power.

Framing Elements

Anchor Bolt #1

• A bolt embedded in concrete for the purpose of fastening a building frame to a concrete or masonry foundation.

Sill Plate #2

• Strip of wood that lies on top of a concrete or masonry foundation in wood frame construction; horizontal bottom portion of a window or door.

Floor Joist #3

• A joist that supports the floor.

Subflooring #4

• Load bearing surface beneath a finish floor

Sole Plate #5

• The horizontal piece of dimension lumber at the bottom of the studs in a wall in a light frame building.

Stud #6

• One of an array of small, closely spaced, parallel wall framing members.

Top Plate #7

• Horizontal member at the top of a stud wall.

Ceiling Joist #8

• Joist that supports a ceiling.

Rafter #9

• A framing member that runs up and down the slope of a steep roof.

Roof Decking #10

• Structural surface to which roofing materials are attached.

Sheathing #11

• Rough covering applied to the outside of the roof, wall, or floor framing of a light frame structure

Stringer #12

• Sloping wood or steel member that supports the treads of a stair.

Front End Loader

• a loader having a shovel or bucket at the end of an articulated arm located at the front of the vehicle. Used to move soil, dirt, and other big heavy objects.

Gypsum Board

• An interior facing panel consisting of a gypsum core sandwiched between paper faces; also called drywall, plasterboard. (Type X)

Heat Pump

• A device that utilizes a refrigeration cycle either to heat or to cool a building by passing air or water over either the condensing coils or the evaporating coils, respectively. Inside AC Unit. Advantage- Heat or Cools building quickly. Disadvantage- Loud. Air handling Unit inside.

Condenser

Insulation

Batt

Loose Fill

Lintel

• A beam that carries the load of a wall across a window or door opening. Steel Lintel.

Mortar # 1

• Substance used to join masonry units, consisting of cement materials, fine aggregate, and water. This mortar joint is 3/8”. Used on Church Building. Troweled Joint. Type of Mortar (S).

Mortar #2

• Substance used to join masonry units, consisting of cement materials, fine aggregate, and water. This mortar joint is ¾”. Used on column. Tooled Joint. Mortar Type (S).

Oriented Strand Board (OSB)

• A building panel composed of long shreds of wood fiber oriented in specific directions and bounded together under pressure. Non-veneered panel product.

Plumbing

Lavatory• Size piping used to drain lavatory is

approximately 1 ½”- 2”. Bathroom Sink- Drop in sink.

Water Closet

• Size piping used to drain a water closet is approximately 3”.

Shower/Tub

Plumbing Roof Vent

• Pipes that maintain a system of plumbing drains and waste lines at atmospheric pressure by connecting them to the outdoor air (VTR).

Plywood

• A wood panel composed of an odd number of layers of wood veneer bounded together under pressure. Veneer panel product.

Radiant Barrier

• A reflective foil placed adjacent to an airspace in roof or wall assemblies as a deterrent to the passage of infrared energy.

Rebar

• A short expression for steel reinforcing bars in concrete or masonry. ½” diameter. # 4 Rebar.

Steep Roof Drainage

Gutter

• A channel that collects rainwater and snowmelt at the eave of a roof.

Downspout

• A vertical pipe for conducting water from a roof to a lower level

Splash-block

• A small precast block of concrete or plastic used to divert water at the bottom of a downspout.

Steep Roof Materials

Underlayment

• Layer of waterproof material such as building felt between roof sheathing and roofing.

Clay Tile Roof

Shingle

• Shingle- a small unit of water-resistant material nailed in overlapping fashion with many other such units to render a wall or sloping roof watertight. Wood Shingles. At the AU Chapel.

Wood Shingle

Metal Panel Roof

• Materials used are usually galvanized or aluminized steel.

Steep Roof Shapes

Gable

Gambrel

Steep Roof Shapes

Hip Roof Mansard

Steep Roof Terms

Eave-horizontal edge at the low side of a sloping roof .

Ridge- level intersection of two roof planes in a roof.

Rake- sloping edge of a steep roof.

Valley- a trough formed by the intersection of two roof slopes.

Steep Roof Terms

No Fascia

Soffit- the undersurface of a horizontal element of a building.

Fascia- the exposed vertical face of an eave.

Stone # 1

• Coursed Rubble Random Rubble

Stone # 2

• Random Ashlar Coursed Ashlar

Vapor Retarder

• A layer of material intended to obstruct the passage of water vapor through a building assembly; also called, less accurately, vapor barrier. Side of insulation usually placed on warm in winter side.

Waterproofing

• An impervious membrane applied to the outside of a foundation to keep water out of the building. Liquid Applied.

Weep Hole

• A small opening whose purpose is to permit drainage of water that accumulates inside a building component or assembly.

Welded Wire Fabric

• A grid of still rods that welded together, used to reinforce a concrete slab. 6” x 6”

Windows

Awning- projects toward the outside

Casement- Window pivots on axis near vertical edge of sash.

Fixed- Fixed in position