S10ASHLAR

BSCI 2300 MATERIALS 1

Define + What it’s doing: It is a type of paper that blocks air flow, so you don’t leak air out of the house. It’s also backup waterproofing for the siding.

AIR BARRIER PAPER

ATTIC VENTILATION (2)

-Why it’s needed?Because the HVAC system does not usually

run through the attic, the ventilation allows the attic to be at a average temperature and let fresh air circulate.

Soffit Vent

Ridge VentGable Vent

Roof Turbine

BACKHOE

Define:

Equipment with 4 tires that has a digging arm attached to the front

-Bucket Width 22.5”

-Equipment is used for excavating job sites

BATTER BOARDS

-Batter boards are temporary framing built on the outside corners that mark the boundaries of a structure and create a level line for it.

BRICK ARCHESBrick Arch #1-Roman Arch

Brick Arch #2- Gothic Arch

Roman Brick Arch With Keystone

CENTERING

Define: Temporary framework for an arch that allows you to place the bricks before entering the keystone

BRICK BONDS

Running Bond - It is all rows of stretcher bricks

Flemish Bond – Alternating Headers and stretchers

Headers

Rowlocks

Soldiers

Sailors

Stretcher Rowlocks (Shiners)

BRICK SIZES

Modular Brick

Measurements:

3.5” x 2.25” x 7.625”

Utility Brick

Measurements:

3.625” x 3.625” x 11.625”

BULLDOZER

Define: Earth moving equipment with a plated front to push the soil

What it’s used for: to push soil, leveling out soil for a slab

CLADDING

Brick

EIFS

Stone-random

Wood Board Clad

Wood Shake Cladding

Wood Shake Definition: A single split block of wood

Wood Shingle Definition: A small unit of water resistant material installed in an overlapping fashion with many other units to render the wall tight

Code Requirements

Egress Window

Measurements:

Window- 2.5’ x 5’

12.5 SQF Area, and it is 2.5’ AFF

IBC Requirements for Egress Window: Min opening of 5.7 SQF, Min height of 2’, Min Width of 1.33’, and less than or equal to 3.66’ sill height AFF

Does it meet the requirements?

YES

Stair

Measurements:

Tread: 11 1/8”

Riser: 7 7/16”

IBC Code

Riser: 7-3/4” Max (no more than 3/8 deveation)

Tread: 11” min depth

Does it meet code?

YES

CONCRETE JOINTS

Define: intentional joint in a slab designed to form a plane of weakness where cracking can occur. In effect, minimizing cracking in the slab.

Control Joint

Crack

ISOLATION JOINT

Define: joint that relieves flexural stresses due to the vertical movement of slab on grade applications that adjoin fixed foundation elements such as columns, building, or machinery foundations.

Isolating the slab from the column

CONCRETE MASONRY UNIT

Define: block of hardened concrete, with or without hollow cores, designed to be laid in the same manner as a brick stone; a concrete block.

Typical Dimensions:

7 5/8” x 15 5/8”

2 DIFFERENT SIZE CMU

6”

2”

Ribbed Block CMU

Split Block CMU

DOORS

Exterior Flush Door

EXTERIOR PANEL DOOR

Stile Top Rail

Panel

Lock Rail

Bottom Rail

Transom

Define: a window directly above a door letting light in

Sidelight

Define: a tall, narrow window beside the door

ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS

Underground Transformer Box

Its Function:

To drop down the voltage being sent into the neighborhood.

SERVICE HEAD

It’s Function:

Protects the electrical wires as they enter the house

METER

It’s Function:

To measure the amount of electricity being used in a residence

SERVICE PANEL It’s Function:

To control the flow of electricity. It has breakers that shut off electricity if a surge is identified.

DUPLEX RECEPTACLE What it’s used for:

An outlet to plug in electrical devices.

FRAMING ELEMENTS

#1- Anchor Bolt

#2- Sill Plate

#3- Floor Joists

#4- Sub Flooring

#5- Sole Plate

#6- Stud

#7- Top Plate

#8- Ceiling Joist

#9- Rafter

#10- Roof Decking

#11- Sheathing

#12- Stringer

FRONT END LOADER Define: a piece of earth moving equipment that scoops or loads soil with it’s bucket

GYPSUM BOARD

Define: interior facing panel made of a gypsum core between two faces of paper

HEAT PUMP

Advantage of Heat Pump: Saving energy so that you can generate lower energy bills

Disadvantage of Heat Pump: In very cold climates a backup system may be needed to effectively heat a building

Compressor

What it’s Doing:

The working fluid, in its gaseous state, is pressurized and circulated through the system as a liquid

Air handling Unit

What it’s Doing:

Conditioning and circulating air that is temperature controlled.

INSULATION

The Purpose of Insulation

Insulation reduces unwanted heat loss or gain and can decrease the energy demands of heating and cooling systems

Batt Insulation

Rigid Board Insulation

Loose-Fill Insulation

LINTEL

Definition:

A horizontal beam used in the construction of buildings, and is a major architectural contribution of ancient Greece. It usually supports the masonry above a window or door opening.

MORTAR

#1-Concave Mortar Joint

Tooled

3/8” Joint

My Moms Dentist Office/ Commercial

Probably type N mortar

MORTAR

#2- Weathered Mortar Joint

Neither Tooled nor Trowled

3/8” joint

The building is a house/ Residential

Probably type N mortar

ORIENTED STRAND BOARD

OSB

Define: a building panel composed of shreds of wood fiber oriented in specific directions and bonded together under pressure. It is a non-veneered panel.

PLUMBING

Lavatory

Pipe size required: 1.5”

Water Closet

Pipe size required: 3”

Manufactured Tub set in framing prior to gypsum board being applied

Plumbing Roof Vent

What it’s Doing:

Releasing the sewer gas into the air and freely allowing the drain system to vent itself

Kitchen Sink installed in a countertop

What kind is it?:

Under Mount

PLYWOOD

Define: a wood panel composed of an odd number of layers of wood veneer bonded together under pressure

Veneer Define: a thin layer, sheet, or facing.

RADIANT BARRIER

Define and what it’s doing: A reflective surfac that repels radiation away from the house. In effect, cooling it. It is foil like material.

REBAR

Gage: #5

Diameter: 5/8”

Deformations are to help bond with the concrete

STEP ROOF DRAINAGE

Gutter

Define: a metal pan that stretches the linear length of the outside of the roof at the eave.

What it does: it catches rainwater from flying off the roof

DOWNSPOUT

Define: metal pipe-like structure that is connected to the gutter and has 2 openings on each end

What it does: it allows the water that flows through the gutter to flow out onto the ground in a controlled fashion

SPLASH BLOCK

Define: A concrete block that resides about 4-6 inches below the opening in the downspout

What it does: It breaks the drop from the downspout on the ground and funnels the water onto where it is

STEP ROOF MATERIALS

Underlayment

Define: a layer of synthetic fiberglass fabric that is nailed to the roof and roofing tiles go over it

What it’s doing: Secondary weather barrier with better resistance to tearing, moisture, and ultraviolet rays then traditional roofing felt.

CLAY TILE ROOF

Wooden Shingle (Shake) Roof

Metal Panel Roof ( Typically Aluminum but sometimes galvanized steel)

STEEP ROOF SHAPES

Gable Roof

Gamble Roof

Mansard Roof

Hip Roof

STEEP ROOF TERMS

Ridge

Define: the level of intersection of two roof planes going upwards

Valley

Define: a trough formed by the intersection of two downward sloped roofs

Rake

Define: sloping edge on a roof

Eave

Define: the horizontal edge at the low side of a sloping roof

Fascia

Define: exposed vertical face of an eave

Soffit

Define: the undersurface of a horizontal element of a building such as a roof overhang

Building without Fascia

Define: a building without a fascia board installed around the end of the eave, exposing the rafters of the building

STONE

Random Rubble Pattern

Coursed Rubble Pattern

Coursed Ashlar

Random Ashlar

VAPOR RETARDER

What it’s doing: it blocks water vapor from entering the building

Which side of the insulation it is commonly put: interior face of the insulation

WATERPROOFING

It is keeping the water from seeping up under the concrete

It is was sprayed on the concrete

WEEP HOLE

Define (and what it’s doing): It’s a small hole in a brick wall that allows the water that gets behind the wall to be released back out of it

WELDED WIRE FABRIC

Measurements of grid in both directions: 4” x 4”

WINDOWS

Awning Window

It is an awning window because it pops up from the bottom position. It blocks the rain from coming into the window, and is hinged from the top

Sliding Window

This is a sliding window because it slides on a track

Double Hung Window

Why it’s this window?: It has two separate moving pieces that allow you to open either end of the window.