thayer asia pacific regionalism
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What is the AsiaWhat is the Asia--Pacific Region?Pacific Region?
Professor Carl ThayerProfessor Carl Thayer
Presentation toPresentation to
Centre ofCentre ofDefenceDefence and Strategic Studiesand Strategic Studies
AustralianAustralian DefenceDefence CollegeCollegeMarch 10, 2009March 10, 2009
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What is a region? Two ViewsWhat is a region? Two Views
A region is a territory that is unified by a set ofA region is a territory that is unified by a set ofcommon factors such a geographical proximity,common factors such a geographical proximity,climate, economic integration, trade, culture,climate, economic integration, trade, culture,
religion, shared history and/or strategicreligion, shared history and/or strategicinteraction.interaction.
A region is an artificial geoA region is an artificial geo--political constructpolitical construct
designed by statesmen, academics and othersdesigned by statesmen, academics and others(military and businessmen) to serve a specific(military and businessmen) to serve a specific
policy purpose.policy purpose.
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Gareth Evans Eastern HemisphereGareth EvansGareth EvansEastern HemisphereEastern Hemisphere
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What is a region?What is a region?
A level of analysis between the systemicA level of analysis between the systemic(global) level and nation(global) level and nation--state levelstate level
A way of ordering world politics byA way of ordering world politics by
drawing boundaries.drawing boundaries. Boundaries determine membership; theyBoundaries determine membership; they
serve to include as well as exclude.serve to include as well as exclude.
Regions require a sense of regionalism orRegions require a sense of regionalism orregional identityregional identity
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TheTheregionregionand the United Nationsand the United Nations
Chapter VIChapter VI regional agenciesregional agencies have a rolehave a rolein managing security subject to the overallin managing security subject to the overall
authority of the UNauthority of the UN
Chapter VIII members enjoined to settleChapter VIII members enjoined to settlelocal disputes peacefully throughlocal disputes peacefully through regionalregional
arrangementsarrangements before taking up issue withbefore taking up issue withSecurity Council.Security Council.
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Evolving Conception of Asia-Pacific as a region
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AsiaAsia--Pacific: whatPacific: whats in a name?s in a name? AsiaAsia
The PacificThe Pacific Asia PacificAsia Pacific AsiaAsia--PacificPacific Pacific AsiaPacific Asia Pacific BasinPacific Basin
Pacific RimPacific Rim
PacificPacificCommunityCommunity
East AsiaEast Asia East AsianEast Asian
SummitSummit
AsiaAsia--PacificPacificCommunityCommunity
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Evolving Conception of Asia-Pacificas a region
Colonial eraColonial era The Far EastThe Far East
PanPan--AsianismAsianismAsia for theAsia for theAsiaticsAsiatics
Washington Conference 1921Washington Conference 1921--2222
JapanJapans Greater East Asia Cos Greater East Asia Co--prosperityprosperity
Sphere (1940)Sphere (1940) War in the Pacific (1941War in the Pacific (1941--45)45)
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U.S. Pacific Command (1947)U.S. Pacific Command (1947)
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Evolving Conception of Asia-Pacificas a region
1966 Asian Development Bank1966 Asian Development Bank 1960s Pacific Community concept1960s Pacific Community concept
PAFTAD 1968, PBEC 1969PAFTAD 1968, PBEC 1969
19741974 UN Economic and SocialCommission for Asia and the Pacific
1980 Pacific Economic CooperationCouncil - tripartite
1989 Asia Pacific Economic Cooperation
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Asia Pacific Economic Cooperation
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ASEAN-Driven Regionalism
1967 Association of South East AsianNations (ASEAN)
1994 ASEAN Regional Forum 1997 ASEAN Plus Three China, Japan, KoreaChina, Japan, Korea
2005 East Asia Summit2005 East Asia Summit
2020 Asia2020 Asia--Pacific Community?Pacific Community?
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ASEAN (not Asian) Regional Forum
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AsiaAsia--Pacific Region:Pacific Region:Integrative FactorsIntegrative Factors
GlobalizationGlobalization Growth of intraGrowth of intra--regional traderegional trade
Sea lines of communicationSea lines of communication United States economic and securityUnited States economic and security
presencepresence
Multilateral institutionsMultilateral institutions Ideational factors and normsIdeational factors and norms
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AsiaAsia--Pacific Region:Pacific Region:Factors of FragmentationFactors of Fragmentation
RegionRegionvv-- subsub--regionregion Divided states (Korea, China)Divided states (Korea, China)
Conflicting territorial claimsConflicting territorial claims Rogue states (Myanmar, North Korea)Rogue states (Myanmar, North Korea)
SocioSocio--economic disparitieseconomic disparities
Arc of instabilityArc of instabilityand potential failedand potential failedstatesstates
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Kevin Rudds Asia Pacific Community
We need to have a vision for an Asia Pacific
Community, a vision that embraces: A regional institution which spans the entire Asia-
Pacific region including the United States, Japan,
China, India, Indonesia and the other states of theregion
A regional institution which is able to engage in thefull spectrum of dialogue, cooperation and action on
economic and political matters and future challengesto security
Its Time to Build an Ania Pacific Community, Address to theAsia Society AustralAsia Centre, Sydney, June 4, 2008
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TheTheregionregionand the United Nationsand the United NationsBased on tradition, UN members areBased on tradition, UN members are organisedorganised
into five regional groups mainly for theinto five regional groups mainly for thepurposes of nominating candidates for election.purposes of nominating candidates for election.
These groups are:These groups are:
1.1. AfricaAfrica
2.2. AsiaAsia
3.3. Eastern EuropeEastern Europe
4.4. Latin America and the CaribbeanLatin America and the Caribbean
5.5. Western Europe and Others GroupWestern Europe and Others Group (includes(includes
Australia, Canada, New Zealand and the UnitedAustralia, Canada, New Zealand and the United
States)States)
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Professor Carl Thayer
c.thayer@adfa.edu.au
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