5th grade chapter 14 section 1 - what is energy

CHAPTER 14 LESSON 1

ENERGY

–the ability to do work or cause a change

• There are many forms of energy.

ex: sound, light, electricity,

and magnetism

• Energy cannot be made or destroyed.

• However, it can move from one object to another.

• Energy can also change from one form to another

• Every time energy changes form, some energy is given off asunusable heat.

KINETIC ENERGY–energy due to motion

• The amount of kinetic energy in a moving object depends on its speed and its mass.

• The faster an object moves, the more kinetic energy it has.

• The more mass an object has, the more kinetic energy it has.

• Kinetic energy can change into different forms of energy. A windmill changes the kinetic energy of wind into electric energy.

• When a drumstick hits a drum, kinetic energy becomes sound energy

• Kinetic energy can also change into thermal energy.

–Ex: rub your hands together, they get warmer

POTENTIAL ENERGY

–energy that is not causing any changes now, but could cause changes in the future.

• sometimes called stored energy

CHEMICAL ENERGY

–energy of the electrons that form the bonds between atoms in molecules

CHEMICAL ENERGY• When fuel is burned in a car

or power plant, chemical energy is changed.

• Heat and light are produced.

• Some fuels have more energy than others.

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Amount of Calories

CHEMICAL ENERGY & YOU

• There are several units that are used to measure heat energy.

• A kilocalorie is the amount of energy needed to raise the temperature of 1 liter of water 1 degree Celsius.

NUCLEAR ENERGY

–related to the structure of atoms. All atoms contain even tinier particles called protons, neutrons, and electrons

NUCLEAR ENERGY

• In nuclear power plants, released nuclear energy heats water until it changes into steam.

• The steam turns a turbine that generateselectrical energy.

ENERGY

–the ability to do work or cause a change

• There are many forms of energy.

ex: sound, light, electricity,

and magnetism

KINETIC ENERGY–energy due to motion

• The amount of kinetic energy in a moving object depends on its speed and its mass.

• The faster an object moves, the more kinetic energy it has.

• The more mass an object has, the more kinetic energy it has.

POTENTIAL ENERGY

–energy that is not causing any changes now, but could cause changes in the future.

• sometimes called stored energy

CHEMICAL ENERGY

–energy of the electrons that form the bonds between atoms in molecules