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SEMINAR REPORT

ON

BASICS OF FLIGHT AND AERODYNAMICS

By :

MOHIT THAKUR

1508368 - M3

IV YEAR , VII SEM

MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

N.C. COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING

(PANIPAT)

To :

Er. NISHANT PAHWA

MECHANICAL DEPARTMENT(NC COLL. OF ENGEENIRING)--------------------------------Dr. HAWA SINGH KHATTAKHODMECHANICAL DEPARTMENT

(NC COLL OF ENGEENIRING)

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SLIDE’S MAIN CONTENTS • What does aerodynamic mean and where it is used?

• What gets a plane off the ground?

• What basic forces are working on the airplane during theflight?

• What are the parts of an airplane and what do they do?

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INTRO TO THE BERNOULLI’S PRINCIPLERELATION WITH THE AERODYNAMICS

 “the faster a fluid is moving the lowerthe pressure”  

Daniel Bernoulli

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BASIC FORCES IN FLIGHT

• Four Fundamentals of Flight

– Lift

– Thrust

– Weight/Gravity

– Drag

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LIFT

• Opposes the downward force of weight

• Produced by the dynamic effect of the air acting on

the wing

• Shape of airfoil changes the way lift acts on the

airplane

• Bernoulli’s Principle 

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WEIGHT/GRAVITY

• The downward force due to the weight of the airplane.

• The combined load of the airplane itself (crew, fuel,

cargo/baggage)

• Force exists because of the presence of gravity

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THRUST

• Forward force produced by the propeller 

• Pulls the airplane through the air 

•

Opposes drag

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DRAG

• Backward force acting on airplane opposite to the

thrust and the direction of the airplane.

• Caused by the disruption of airflow by the plane

itself.

• Two types: parasite and induced drag.

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 ANGLE OF ATTACK

Angle between the

wing chord andthe relative wind.

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THE WING

• Produces the lift

• Holds the plane up and makes it

stable while in flight• In order to make Bernoulli's Principle more effective, more

surface area is introduced in form of wings.

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CONTROL SURFACES OF AN AIRPLANE :

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Left bank

Right bank

Turn the yoketo the left and

the left aileron

goes down

(right goes up)

Airplane banks

to the left

Turn the yoke

to the right andthe right aileron

goes down (left

goes up)

Airplane banksto the right

 AILERONCONTROLS BANK

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 AILERON WORKING MODEL 

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ELEVATORCONTROLS PITCH

Pull the yoke outand the elevator

goes up

Airplane pitches

up

Push the yoke in

and the elevator

goes down

Airplane pitchesdown

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Push left rudder pedal and theplane yaws to the left

Push right rudder pedal and theplane yaws to the right

RUDDERCONTROLS YAW

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PROPELLERCONTROLS THRUST

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Flaps down

FLAPSCREATE EXTRA LIFT

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PARTS OF THE AIRPLANE

3  

5/13  

15  

8  

6/12  

4  

11  

10  

1 

wing strut

ailerons

wings

horiz. stab.

flaps

wing strut

elevator

rudder

propeller

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REFERENCE TAKEN FROM :

• nasa.gov

• en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aerodynamics

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• Thank You