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SEMINAR REPORT
ON
BASICS OF FLIGHT AND AERODYNAMICS
By :
MOHIT THAKUR
1508368 - M3
IV YEAR , VII SEM
MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
N.C. COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING
(PANIPAT)
To :
Er. NISHANT PAHWA
MECHANICAL DEPARTMENT(NC COLL. OF ENGEENIRING)--------------------------------Dr. HAWA SINGH KHATTAKHODMECHANICAL DEPARTMENT
(NC COLL OF ENGEENIRING)
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SLIDE’S MAIN CONTENTS • What does aerodynamic mean and where it is used?
• What gets a plane off the ground?
• What basic forces are working on the airplane during theflight?
• What are the parts of an airplane and what do they do?
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INTRO TO THE BERNOULLI’S PRINCIPLERELATION WITH THE AERODYNAMICS
“the faster a fluid is moving the lowerthe pressure”
Daniel Bernoulli
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BASIC FORCES IN FLIGHT
• Four Fundamentals of Flight
– Lift
– Thrust
– Weight/Gravity
– Drag
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LIFT
• Opposes the downward force of weight
• Produced by the dynamic effect of the air acting on
the wing
• Shape of airfoil changes the way lift acts on the
airplane
• Bernoulli’s Principle
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WEIGHT/GRAVITY
• The downward force due to the weight of the airplane.
• The combined load of the airplane itself (crew, fuel,
cargo/baggage)
• Force exists because of the presence of gravity
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THRUST
• Forward force produced by the propeller
• Pulls the airplane through the air
•
Opposes drag
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DRAG
• Backward force acting on airplane opposite to the
thrust and the direction of the airplane.
• Caused by the disruption of airflow by the plane
itself.
• Two types: parasite and induced drag.
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ANGLE OF ATTACK
Angle between the
wing chord andthe relative wind.
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THE WING
• Produces the lift
• Holds the plane up and makes it
stable while in flight• In order to make Bernoulli's Principle more effective, more
surface area is introduced in form of wings.
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CONTROL SURFACES OF AN AIRPLANE :
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Left bank
Right bank
Turn the yoketo the left and
the left aileron
goes down
(right goes up)
Airplane banks
to the left
Turn the yoke
to the right andthe right aileron
goes down (left
goes up)
Airplane banksto the right
AILERONCONTROLS BANK
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AILERON WORKING MODEL
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ELEVATORCONTROLS PITCH
Pull the yoke outand the elevator
goes up
Airplane pitches
up
Push the yoke in
and the elevator
goes down
Airplane pitchesdown
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Push left rudder pedal and theplane yaws to the left
Push right rudder pedal and theplane yaws to the right
RUDDERCONTROLS YAW
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PROPELLERCONTROLS THRUST
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Flaps down
FLAPSCREATE EXTRA LIFT
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PARTS OF THE AIRPLANE
3
5/13
15
8
6/12
4
11
10
1
wing strut
ailerons
wings
horiz. stab.
flaps
wing strut
elevator
rudder
propeller
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REFERENCE TAKEN FROM :
• nasa.gov
• en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aerodynamics
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• Thank You