achieving reliable energy production during winter...

© Copyright ENERCON GmbH. All rights reserved. Monelle Comeau 1

Monelle Comeau

CanWEA 2017

2017-10-05

Achieving Reliable Energy Production During Winter Months


AGENDA

1 Overview of ENERCON’s Icing and Cold Climate Innovations

2 Ice Detection System Evaluations Technology I Experimental Set-up | Data & Metrics | Current Developments

3 Ice Fall and Ice Throw Research Measurement Campaign I Model

Kryštofovy Hamry, Czech Republic


Rotor Blade Heating System (RBHS)   First prototype in 1996 – over 20 years

of experience   Reduction in downtime and yield

losses

Cold climate package •  Operation down to -40°C for all

turbines •  Full operation down to -30°C (Cold

climate)

1 ENERCON Icing and Cold Climate Innovations

Ice Detection system   Power Curve method   Validation by independent exports

(TÜV Nord)

Power Consumption Management   Cascade restart of turbines   Control of peak power consumption

Mawson Station, Antarctica Source: Pete Hargreaves

Raglan, Canada Source: TUGLIQ


AGENDA






Deviations from characteristic curves monitored for temperatures below 2°C

GREEN GRAPH – POWER CURVE METHOD Deviations from the power curve compared to wind speed PINK GRAPH – BLADE ANGLE METHOD Deviations from the blade angle curve compared to wind speed

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BLA

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GLE

POW

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WIND SPEED AT HUB HEIGHT [M/S]

2 Ice Detection System Evaluations - Technology

European patent specification EP 1 642 026 B1 © 2004 - 2024


Deviations from characteristic curves monitored for temperatures below 2°C

GREEN GRAPH – POWER CURVE METHOD Deviations from the power curve compared to wind speed PINK GRAPH – BLADE ANGLE METHOD Deviations from the blade angle curve compared to wind speed

2 Ice Detection System Evaluations - Technology

European patent specification EP 1 642 026 B1 © 2004 - 2024

Labkotec® ice detector with ENERCON power curve method extends the working range


Camera

Light

Highly instrumented tall met masts within wind farms

Camera systems for reference ice observations

Photos of blades, nacelle, instruments

Lights for night time pictures

Neighbouring turbines set in different heating modes

2 Ice Detection System Evaluations - Experimental set-up


Observed icing on nacelle, blades, instruments

Ice detection signal from ENERCON system

Ice detection signal from commercial ice sensors

Blade heating on/off

Instrumental/meteorological icing

Icing filter yes/no for anemometers and wind vanes

2 Ice Detection System Evaluations - Data & Metrics


Detected events = observed events?

(false alarms, missed events, bias, critical success index)

Reaction time (delay in detection)

Detection outside operating range

Safety, technological maturity, etc.

Icing detected from turbine

Observed icing

ENERCON Ice detection system

2 Ice Detection System Evaluations - Data & Metrics


IMPEDANCE MEASUREMENT

  Bonding of tags on blade   Impedance measurement

with a planar capacitor   Self support by solar panel   Configurations under

development: - Ice detection during operation - Automatic restart

EIGENFREQUENCY

MEASUREMENT

  Measurement with acceleration sensor in the blade

  Transmission via fiber-optic   Warnings and Alarms with

site specific ice mass thresholds optimize turbine operation under icing conditions

EIGENFREQUENCY

MEASUREMENT

  Structural noise sensor inside blades

  Transmission via screened electric cables

  Warnings and Alarms with site specific ice mass thresholds optimize turbine operation under icing conditions

Evaluation, implementation and certification of commercial blade ice detection options

2 Ice Detection System Evaluations - Developments


AGENDA






5 Ice Fall and Ice Throw - Measurement Campaign

Extensive 3-year measurement campaign on 4 x E-82 in different operating modes

Objectives   Better understanding of risk   Development of validated model to

evaluate risk   Modelling of a wind farm risk

Recorded data:   Time/day   Weight, dimensions, type of icing   Position relative to associated turbine   Number of pieces/fragments

Frequent icing on site (IEA ice class 4)


5 Ice Fall and Ice Throw - Measurement Campaign

Over 25 000 pieces collected

Valid for development of ice fall/throw model   Statistical distributions   Differences between

operating modes

General results   All pieces found largely

within “Safety distance” (WECO, 1998)

  Largest distance ►71% of

“Safety distance” (does not imply risk is null beyond Safety distance)


5 Ice Fall and Ice Throw - Model

Assumptions based on:   Measurements   Research, theses, literature   Industry state-of-the-art   SCADA data   Other ENERCON R&D projects

Special attention to:   Ensure sufficient conservatism   Represent ENERCON turbines   Validate thoroughly   Certify


5 Ice Fall and Ice Throw - Model

Assumptions based on:   Measurements   Research, theses, literature   Industry state-of-the-art   SCADA data   Other ENERCON R&D projects

Special attention to:   Ensure sufficient conservatism   Represent ENERCON turbines   Validate thoroughly   Certify

Model developers participating in the IEA Task 19 subgroup “Guidelines for ice fall/throw risk assessment“


SUMMARY

Leader in icing and cold climate innovations

Evolving towards more options for ice detection

Improved evaluation and quantification of risks

Castle Rock Ridge, Canada New Richmond, Canada


THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION

ENERCON GmbH Dreekamp 5 | D-26605 Aurich

Telephone: +49 4941 927-0 | Fax: +49 4941 927-109

Cowessess, Canada


Document ID 2017-03-17 ppt-template_DINA4_en Note This is a translation of 2017-03-17 ppt-template_DinA4_de

Date Language DCC Plant/Department 2017-03-17 en Marketing

Rev. Date Change 0 yyyy-mm-dd Document created

Document details

Revisions

Publisher ENERCON GmbH ▪ Dreekamp 5 ▪ 26605 Aurich ▪ Germany Telephone: +49 4941 927-0 ▪ Fax: +49 4941 927-109 ▪ e-mail: [email protected] ▪ Internet: http://www.enercon.de Managing Directors: Hans-Dieter Kettwig, Simon-Hermann Wobben Court of jurisdiction: Aurich ▪ Commercial register number: HRB 411 ▪ VAT ID No.: DE 181 977 360

Copyright notice The contents of this document are protected by the German copyright law and international treaties. All copyrights concerning the content of this document are held by ENERCON GmbH, unless another copyright holder is expressly indicated or identified. Any content made available does not grant the user any industrial property rights, rights of use or any other rights. The user is not allowed to register any intellectual property rights or rights for parts thereof. Any transmission, surrender or distribution of the contents of this document to third parties, any reproduction or copying, and any application and use – also in part – require the express and written permission of the copyright holder, unless any of the above are permitted by mandatory legal regulations. Any infringement of the copyright is contrary to law, may be prosecuted according to §§ 106 et seq. of the German Copyright Act (UrhG), and grants the copyright holder the right to file for injunctive relief and to claim for punitive damages.

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Reservation of right of modification

ENERCON GmbH reserves the right to change, improve and expand this document and the subject matter described herein at any time without prior notice, unless contractual agreements or legal requirements provide otherwise.

LEGAL NOTICE

Additional slides


Yield gain for test site Pr

oduc

tion

and

loss

es [%

AEP

]

WEC A - RBH off WEC B - RBH in operation

WEC C - RBH at standstill

Site study: 3 x E-82 2 MW, IEA ice class 4, 3 winters

◄ standstill hours 828 1171 719 124 66 73 216 179 86


5000

5500

6000

6500

7000

unheated heated

CANADA

4 % 0,5 %

3500

4000

4500

5000

5500

unheated heated

GERMANY

4 % 0,3 %

4000

4500

5000

5500

6000

unheated heated

SWEDEN

3 %

15 %

3000

3500

4000

4500

5000

unheated heated

10 % 3 %

CZECH REPUBLIC

AEP [MWh] ICING LOSSES [MWh] (incl. RBHS consumption) Graphs show results for one site only per country – not representative of entire fleet in selected countries

Yield gain for test site


IEA icing classes and estimated losses of ENERCON turbines with RBHS

IEA ice class Meteorological icing

Instrumental icing

Production loss (WEC without

RBHS)

Production loss (WEC with RBHS, consumption incl.)

Validation

no. % of year % of year % of AEP % of AEP Site

5 >10 >20 >20 >4 -

4 5-10 10-30 10-25 1,5-5 Czech Republic* Sweden (site 1)* Sweden (site 2)

3 3-5 6-15 3-12 0,5-3 Switzerland Canada

2 0,5-3 1-9 0,5-5 0-1,5 Germany*

1 0-0,5 <1,5 0-0,5 <0,5 -

IEA task 19 wind: expert group study wind energy projects in cold climate – 1. edition 2011

Performance of ENERCON WECs

*Demonstrated by Meteotest


Rotor blade heating consumption


FIRST PROTOTYPE:

1996 on an E-40 turbine

NUMBER OF SOLD RBHS:

More than 2.000

ACTIVATION MODES:

Automatically or manually

OPERATIONAL MODES:

During operation or standstill

Rotor blade heating system


Installed Capacity in July 2017

achieving reliable energy production during winter...

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