Biological Waste Treatment and Pollution Control

4457945

M U S H R O O M G R O W I N G BY U T I L I Z I N G S E W A G E S L U D G E

C O M P O S T A N D R E - U T I L I Z A T I O N O F T H E U S E D C O M P O S T AS

L I V E S T O C K F E E D

Yoshinobu Imamura, Hajime ho, Yoko Sato, Hiromichi Nakamori, Amagasaki, Japan as- signed to Hitachi Kiden Kogyo Ltd

A method of utilizing sewage sludge compost for mushroom growing and re-utilizing the used compost as livestock feed. During the use of compost for mushroom growing, lignin, cel- lulose, etc. of slight decomposability contained in the compost are decomposed and aroma suitable for livestock feed is imparted to the com- post by the mushroom, thereby making the com- post most suitable for livestock feed.

medium sould also contain a directly-assimilable source of carbon. Application of this composi- tion for culturing of microorganisms allows operations to be carried out which comprise the degrading of hydrocabons covering an area of water or ground; an application of particular interest for operation is for combatting oil pollu- tion of the sea by biological degradation. As the source of nitrogen, compounds soluble in water are used, such as urea or ammonium nitrate, sul- phate or phosphate, and. as the source of phosphorus, compounds soluble in v,ater are used. The medium should also contain a directly- assimilable source of carbon. Application of this composition for culturing of microorganisms allows operations to be carried out which com- prise the degrading of hydrocarbons covering an area of water or ground; an application of par- ticular interest for operations is for combatting oil pollution of the sea by biological degrada- tion.

4460692

M I C R O E M U L S I O N O F N U T R I E N T S U B S T A N C E S

Jacque Tellier, Andreacu,e Gautier Jean- Claude Sirvins. Bernard Tramier. Lons, France assigned to Societe Nationale Elf Aquitaine (Production)

There is disclosed a nutrient composition to be added to a hydrophobic medium for culturing microorganisms comprising a micro-emulsion of an aqueous solution of nutrient material in a li- quid immiscible with water. As the source of nitrogen, compounds soluble in water are used, such as urea or ammonium nitrate, sulphate or phosphate, and. as the source of phosphorus, compounds soluble in water are used. The

4462695

C O M P O S T I N G A P P A R A T U S

Kanichi ho, Yoshio Hirayama, Ryoichi Takeuchi, Kanagawa, Japan assigned to Ebara Corporation

A composting method uses an H -shaped ap- paratus comprising four rotatable paddles dis- posed at each terminal end of the H -shaped arrangement, the apparatus as a whole being reversibly movable in the direction of the horizontal bar of the H shape. A plurality of composting sections are arranged in a row along and at opposite sides of the horizontal bar. The composting operation is performed for the plurality of sections according to a pre- determined schedule so that, when the apparatus is under operation, four sections are simul-

418

PATENT ABSTRACTS

taneously under operation, one of the four sections may be receiving material and three sec- tions are simultaneously under agitation by the paddles and at the other section or sections the material may be taken away.

4467035

C U L T I V A T I O N O F P H O T O T R O P H I C B A C T E R I A IN

T H E A B S E N C E O F U L T R A V I O L E T L I G H T

lsamu Harasawa, Yukio Hariki, Katsuhiko Maeda, Koichi Nakamura, Kiyose. Japan as- signed to Nippon Carbide Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha

Cultivation of phototrophic bacteria such as in the treatment of organic wastes is earned out in a light field substantially free from ultraviolet light having a wavelength of not more than 340 nm. This proCess promotes growth of the photo- trophic bacteria and improves quality of the resulting bacterial cell.

4468461

M I C R O B I O L O G I C A L R E M O V A L O F C H R O M A T E F R O M

C O N T A M I N A T E D W A S T E W A T E R

Lawrence H Bopp assigned to General Electric Company

A new strain of Pseudomonas fluorescens is dis- closed for use in the removal of chromate from waste water.

4468463

P L A N T F O R T R E A T I N G M A N U R E S

Hans M Arsovic, Baden Baden, Federal Republic Of Germany assigned to Societe Agri- cole et Fonciere S A F S A

The manure, which has been previously finely ground, is diluted (3) so as to form a liquid mix- ture containing not more than 4% of solid material. This mixture is fed into a bioreactor (6) of which the gas is used to feed the burner (11 ) of a dryer (10) in which the manure particles are

419

dried. Before and after passage of the mixture into the bioreactor, filaments and fibres are separated (4,9l. At least part of the liquid separated in the second separator (9) is recycled (13) in the initial liquid mixture. The energy of the water vapor from the drying is used to ac- tivate the bioreactor (16). The residual liquid not recycled is subjected to a nitrifying/de-nitrifying treatment (15). The residual mud may be collec- ted (23) and mixed with the dried product, as well as the fibres and filaments eliminated. The mud, the filaments and the fibres, rich in proteins, may be used directly as foodstuff for cattle. The other residual product are appropriate for use as fer- tilizers.

4469599

A P P A R A T U S A N D M E T H O D F O R D E N I T R I F Y I N G W A T E R

Henry Gros, Markus Kyburz, Winterthur, Swit- zerland assigned to Sulzer Brothers Limited

The raw water is loaded with hydrogen in a gas loading stage and is then passed upwardly through a bed of hydrogen consuming micro- organisms in the reactor. The gas-loaded raw water is guided so that the liquid and gas phases travel through the reactor in the same direction. The gas loading stage is substantially free from micro-organisms and nitrogen produced thereby. The contact times in the reactor are in- creased so that adequate quantities of hydrogen are either dissolved in the water or are available in the form of small rapidly dissolving gas bub- bles.

446960O

P R O C E S S F O R B I O L O G I C A L W A S T E W A T E R T R E A T M E N T

Allen Frydman, Hans Reimann. Munich, Federal Republic Of Germany assigned to Linde Aktiengesellschaft

For the biological purification of wastewater in a reactor in the presence of open-pore and com- pressible carrier material for biomass, the carrier material, prior to its use in the reactor, is loaded with bacteria, finely divided, inorganic and/or organic compounds, selected for wastewater purification, and is then either stored or used in the process, the loaded carrier being especially useful for decreasing the start-up time of a wastewater treatment plant.