4299hydro-electric power plant

8/3/2019 4299Hydro-Electric Power Plant

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PRESENTED BY:- 21. KUNAL KAKLIJ.

22. RITESH KEDARE.23. KULDEEP KHARJUL.

24. SALMAN KHATIK.


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What is Hydro-electricity?yHydroelectricityis the term referring

to electricity generated by hydropower;the production of electrical powerthrough the use of the gravitationalforce of falling or flowing water. It isthe most widely used formof renewable energy.


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HISTORYuy In the mid-1770s, French engineer Bernard Forest de

Belidor publishedArchitecture Hydrauliquewhich

described vertical- and horizontal-axis hydraulicmachines. In 1878 the world's first hydroelectric powerscheme was developed at in Northumberland, Englandby William George Armstrong. It was used to power asingle light bulb in his art gallery. The old SchoelkopfPower Station No. 1 near Niagara Falls in the U.S. sidebegan to produce electricity in 1881.


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Advantages and Disadvantages of

Hydroelectricityy Advantages

1. The major advantage of hydroelectricity iselimination of the cost of fuel.

2. Reservoirs created by hydroelectric schemes oftenprovide facilities for water sports, and becometourist attractions themselves.

3. In some countries, aquaculture in reservoirs iscommon.

4. Multi-use dams installed for irrigation supportagriculture with a relatively constant water supply.

5. Large hydro dams can control floods, which wouldotherwise affect people living downstream of the

project.


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DisadvantagesyHydroelectric power stations that use dams wouldsubmerge large areas of land due to the requirement ofa reservoir.

y Hydroelectric projects can be disruptive tosurrounding aquatic ecosystems both upstream anddownstream of the plant site.

y Generation of hydroelectric power changes thedownstream river environment.

yWater exiting a turbine usually contains very little

suspended sediment, which can lead to scouring ofriver beds and loss of riverbanks.

yAnother disadvantage of hydroelectric dams is theneed to relocate the people living where the reservoirs

are planned.


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Images Related to Hydro-electricity

Turbines row at L0s Nihuiles Power Station in Mendoza, Argentina.


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Hydro-electric Dam

Cross section of a conventional hydroelectric dam.


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A typical turbine and generator


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Sizes and capacities of hydro-

electric facilities

The Three Gorges Dam is the largest operatinghydroelectric power station, at 22,500 MW.


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The Hoover Dam in the United States is a large conventional dammed-hydro facility,

with an installed capacity of 2,080 MW.

The Gordon Dam in Tasmania is a large hydro facility, withan installed capacity of 430 MW.


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KOYNA DAMy The Koyna Dam is one of the

largest dams in Maharashtra, India. It is a rubble-concretedam constructed on Koyna River which rises in

Mahabaleshwar, a hill station in Sahyadri ranges. It islocated in Koyna Nagar, Satara district, nestled inthe Western Ghats on the state highwaybetween Chiplun and Karad.

y The main purpose of dam is toprovide hydroelectricity with some irrigation in

neighboring areas. Today the KoynaHydroelectricProject is one of the largest hydroelectric project in Indiahaving a total installed capacity of 1,920 MW. Due to itselectricity generating potential it is considered as the 'lifeline of Maharashtra'


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y The dam has contributed to earthquakes in the recentpast, including the devastating 1967 Koynanagar

earthquake, resulting in the dam developing somecracks. After the disaster Grouting of the cracks wasdone. Also internal holes were drilled to relievethe hydrostatic pressures in the body of the dam.

y

In 1973 non overflow portion of the dam wasstrengthened followed by strengtheningof spillway section in 2006. Now the Dam expected tobe safe against any future earthquake even of moreintensity than that of 1967.


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y The catchment area dams the Koyna river and formsthe Shivasagar Lake which is approximately 50 km

(31 mi) in length. It is one of the largest civilengineering projects commissioned after Indianindependence. The Koyna hydro-electric project is runby the Maharashtra State Electricity Board.

Koyna Dam


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World hydroelectric capacity

Country Annualhydroelectricproduction

Installedcapacity

Capacityfactor

% of totalcapacity

China 652.05 196.79 0.37 22.25

Canada 369.5 88.974 0.59 61.12

Brazil 363.8 69.080 0.56 85.56

UnitedStates

250.6 79.511 0.42 5.74

Russia 167.0 45.000 0.42 17.64

Norway 140.5 27.528 0.49 98.25

India 115.6 33.600 0.43 15.80

Venezuela 85.96 14.622 0.67 69.20


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THANK YOUu

4299hydro-electric power plant

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