26/11/12
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26/11/12. Crude oil. Obj:. what is crude oil and how is it useful?. Can you describe what sort of substance crude oil is, and where is can be found?. Some. Can you state the processes which happen to crude oil before it is used?. Most. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
26/11/12Crude oil
what is crude oil and how is it useful?Obj:
All
Most
Some
• Can you name some useful products that can be obtained from crude oil?
• Can you state the processes which happen to crude oil before it is used?
• Can you describe what sort of substance crude oil is, and where is can be found?
What is a fuel?
Something we burn to produce energy
What do we use fuels for?
Transport…cars, trains, planes
Heating homes
Generating electricity
Where does our fuel come from?
CRUDE OIL
What is crude oil?
Crude oil -.
What is crude oil?
Crude oil -Oil we find underground.
What is crude oil?
Crude oil -Oil we find underground.
It is formed from partially decayed plants and animals, under mud, millions of years ago.
Meet the family…
The first four…
Methane CH4 Monkeys
Ethane C2H6 Eat
Propane C3H8 Peanut
Butane C4H10 Butter
The next four…Pentane C5H12
Hexane C6H14
Heptane C7H16
Octane C8H18
5
6
7
8
ALKANESAlkanes are part of a larger
family called hydrocarbons.
Why do you think they belong in this family?
ALKANESHydrocarbons are made up of
carbon and hydrogen only. Alkanes are saturated hydrocarbons –
this means they have as many hydrogen atoms as possible.
Alkanes have the formula
CnH(2n+2)
Combustion of Alkanes
CombustionMethane + Oxygen Carbon Dioxide + Water
CH4 + 2O2 CO2 + 2H2O
Propane + Oxygen Carbon Dioxide + WaterAll alkanes react this way
C3H8 + 5O2 3CO2 + 4H2OThe carbon and hydrogen in the fuel are oxidised (we have added oxygen to them).
a) Write the formula of an alkane with i) 12 carbon atoms and ii) 20 carbon atoms.b) How many carbon atoms in an alkane which has 30 hydrogen atoms.c) Write a balanced symbol equation for the combustion of ethane.
Crude oil is a ……………….. of compounds. Many of these only contain atoms of ………………… and …………………… They are called ………………………. Thecompounds in crude oil can be separated using ……………………….. When hydrocarbons burn in a good supply of air, carbon ………………… and ……………….. are made, as the carbon and hydrogen in the fuel are …………………… Wordbank: carbon, oxidised, hydrocarbons, water, distillation, dioxide, hydrogen, mixture
a) Write the formula of an alkane with i) 12 carbon atoms and ii) 20 carbon atoms.b) How many carbon atoms in an alkane which has 30 hydrogen atoms.c) Write a balanced symbol equation for the combustion of ethane.
Crude oil is a ……………….. of compounds. Many of these only contain atoms of ………………… and …………………… They are called ………………………. Thecompounds in crude oil can be separated using ……………………….. When hydrocarbons burn in a good supply of air, carbon ………………… and ……………….. are made, as the carbon and hydrogen in the fuel are …………………… Wordbank: carbon, oxidised, hydrocarbons, water, distillation, dioxide, hydrogen, mixture
mixturecarbon hydrogen
hydrocarbonsdistillation
dioxide water
oxidised
C12H26 C20H42
14 (C14H30)
2C2H6 + 7O2 4CO2 + 6H2O
What is a fuel?What do we use them for?
Where do we get fuel?
What sort of compounds are fuels?
What do we get when we burn fuels?
Why is this a problem?