26/11/12Crude oil

what is crude oil and how is it useful?Obj:

All

Most

Some

• Can you name some useful products that can be obtained from crude oil?

• Can you state the processes which happen to crude oil before it is used?

• Can you describe what sort of substance crude oil is, and where is can be found?

What is a fuel?

Something we burn to produce energy

What do we use fuels for?

Transport…cars, trains, planes

Heating homes

Generating electricity

Where does our fuel come from?

CRUDE OIL

What is crude oil?

Crude oil -.

What is crude oil?

Crude oil -Oil we find underground.

What is crude oil?

Crude oil -Oil we find underground.

It is formed from partially decayed plants and animals, under mud, millions of years ago.

Meet the family…

The first four…

Methane CH4 Monkeys

Ethane C2H6 Eat

Propane C3H8 Peanut

Butane C4H10 Butter

The next four…Pentane C5H12

Hexane C6H14

Heptane C7H16

Octane C8H18

5

6

7

8

ALKANESAlkanes are part of a larger

family called hydrocarbons.

Why do you think they belong in this family?

ALKANESHydrocarbons are made up of

carbon and hydrogen only. Alkanes are saturated hydrocarbons –

this means they have as many hydrogen atoms as possible.

Alkanes have the formula

CnH(2n+2)

Combustion of Alkanes

CombustionMethane + Oxygen Carbon Dioxide + Water

CH4 + 2O2 CO2 + 2H2O

Propane + Oxygen Carbon Dioxide + WaterAll alkanes react this way

C3H8 + 5O2 3CO2 + 4H2OThe carbon and hydrogen in the fuel are oxidised (we have added oxygen to them).

a) Write the formula of an alkane with i) 12 carbon atoms and ii) 20 carbon atoms.b) How many carbon atoms in an alkane which has 30 hydrogen atoms.c) Write a balanced symbol equation for the combustion of ethane.

Crude oil is a ……………….. of compounds. Many of these only contain atoms of ………………… and …………………… They are called ………………………. Thecompounds in crude oil can be separated using ……………………….. When hydrocarbons burn in a good supply of air, carbon ………………… and ……………….. are made, as the carbon and hydrogen in the fuel are …………………… Wordbank: carbon, oxidised, hydrocarbons, water, distillation, dioxide, hydrogen, mixture

a) Write the formula of an alkane with i) 12 carbon atoms and ii) 20 carbon atoms.b) How many carbon atoms in an alkane which has 30 hydrogen atoms.c) Write a balanced symbol equation for the combustion of ethane.

Crude oil is a ……………….. of compounds. Many of these only contain atoms of ………………… and …………………… They are called ………………………. Thecompounds in crude oil can be separated using ……………………….. When hydrocarbons burn in a good supply of air, carbon ………………… and ……………….. are made, as the carbon and hydrogen in the fuel are …………………… Wordbank: carbon, oxidised, hydrocarbons, water, distillation, dioxide, hydrogen, mixture

mixturecarbon hydrogen

hydrocarbonsdistillation

dioxide water

oxidised

C12H26 C20H42

14 (C14H30)

2C2H6 + 7O2 4CO2 + 6H2O

What is a fuel?What do we use them for?

Where do we get fuel?

What sort of compounds are fuels?

What do we get when we burn fuels?

Why is this a problem?