14 Oct 2008

Daily Spark

Today

• Dominion of New England

• Glorious Revolution

Dominion of New England

• In 1685 King James II became king of England. He was determined to take more control over the English Government, both in England and in the colonies.

• He believed that the colonies were too independent.

• The king wanted them to be more connected to each other and to England.

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Dominion of New England

• In 1686 James united the northern colonies under one government called the Dominion of New England.

• The Dominion eventually included Connecticut, Maine, Mass., New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, and Rhode Island.

• The King appointed Sir Edmund Andros as royal governor of the Dominion and a royal council for the Dominion.

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Impact of Dominion

• The Dominion government took the place of the northern colonies original charters.

• The king’s actions greatly upset many of the colonists.

• “Dominion was without any liberty for an assembly.”

• 1687 residents of Ipswich, Mass. Protested Andros’ taxation policy and five were jailed. To insure this didn’t happen again Andros used his authority to limit the powers of town meetings.

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Glorious Revolution

• King James II’s policies were unpopular in England as well as the colonies. Parliament felt threatened when he tried to change the country from a Protestant back to a Catholic one.

• To stop the king Parliament asked his Protestant daughter, Mary and her husband, William of Orange to rule England.

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Revolution

• William, the leader of the Netherlands, landed in England with his army in the fall of 1688.

• James left the country.• William and Mary’s

overthrow of James II became known as the Glorious Revolution.

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Revolutions Impact

• When residents of the Dominion first learned of the Glorious Revolution in 1689, they removed Andros as governor.

• The delighted colonist sent Andros to England to answer for his actions.

• The individual colonies left the Dominion and quickly formed new assemblies.

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Change In Mass.

• The assemblies then sent declarations of support to William and Mary.

• In time William and Mary renewed the colonies charters, they were exactly as the old charters except in Mass.

• In Mass. They could originally elect their governor, the crown now chose Mass. Governor.

• Also you did not need to belong to the church to vote. Instead you had to own property.

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English Bill of Rights

• The political ideas of the Glorious Revolution led Parliament to pass the English Bill of Rights in 1689.

• Under this act, the powers of the English monarchy were reduced. At the same time the powers of Parliament were increased.

• Americans were greatly interested in this shift of power from the monarch to a representative governing body.

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Colonial Government

• As time went on, the colonists valued their own right to elect the representatives that governed them.

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