11006131/0306 copyright © 2003 business & legal reports, inc. blr's safety training...
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11006131/0306 Copyright © 2003 Business & Legal Reports, Inc.
BLR's Safety Training Presentations
Silicosis Prevention
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Silicosis Kills
It is disabling, nonreversible, and sometimes fatal
250 American workers die each year 1 million workers are exposed to silica 100,000 have a high risk of silicosis
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Goals
How crystalline silica contributes to silicosis Prevention measures Quiz
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What is Silicosis?
Silicosis is a lung disease Caused by breathing
dust containing silica Lungs become scarred
and stiffened Breathing becomes
difficult Risk of heart disease
and tuberculosis is increased
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Types of Silica
Crystalline silica, or free silica—Quartz,
tridymite, cristobalite
—Abundant in the earth’s crust
Amorphous silica—Not in the form of a crystal
—Does not cause silicosis
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Normal Dust
Particles are generated by work processes Any airborne dust can be a hazard Nonvisible particles go deep into lungs Large particles are removed by mucous Pneumoconiosis may occur in dusty conditions
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Workers Unaware of the Hazard
Chemically inert Crystalline silica mislabeled
as amorphous silica Not labeled at all Naturally occurring
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At-risk Industries for Silicosis
Mining through sandstone and granite Construction—sandblasting, jack hammering,
tunneling Stone cutting Foundry work—
molding, shakeout Portland cement
production
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At-risk Industries for Silicosis (cont.)
Glass manufacturing Ceramics, clay, and pottery Abrasive cleaning
or sand blasting Manufacturing paints,
plastics, soaps, and abrasives
Electronics industry Filtration of food and beverages
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Silica Exposure
Acute exposure Chronic exposure Concentration, duration, and particle size Report symptoms immediately No cure
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Chronic Silicosis
20 to 45 years to develop Exposure to dust with 10 percent silica No symptoms for 20 years Shortness of breath, cough, fever Bluish lips or ear lobes Loss of appetite, chest pain Ability to breathe destroyed
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Accelerated Silicosis
Results from shorter exposure at higher concentration
Develops within 5 to 15 years
Detectable by X-ray after one exposure
Progresses even after removal from exposure
Leads to massive fibrosis and death
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Acute Silicosis
Develops after one to three years
Overwhelming concentration of silica
Symptoms after only seven months
Cough, weight loss, fatigue
Liquid in alveoli Fatal within two years
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Goals
How crystalline silica contribute to silicosis Prevention measures Quiz
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Precautions and Prevention
Severity of silicosis related to amount of dust in lungs
Limit the amount of dust workers breathe Implement engineering controls Follow safe work practices Use respiratory protection
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Silica Control Program
Inspect work area Review MSDS Monitor worker exposure levels Substitute other materials
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Sampling and Monitoring
Sampling program Full-shift respirable dust samples Personal samples Area samples Gravimetric dust collection
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Engineering Controls
Use ventilation and dust control systems Isolate silica dust work processes Suppress dust with moisture
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Ventilation
General ventilation systems Local exhaust ventilation Inspection every three months Inspection when process changes Industrial hygiene surveys
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Safe Work Practices
Store silica in sealed containers Break caked silica loose by vibrating outside
of closed container Follow confined space entry procedures Don’t let dust accumulate Vacuum dust Do not blow with compressed air
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Personal Hygiene
Change into disposable or washable work clothes
Vacuum work clothes Take a shower Put on clean street clothes Wash hands before eating,
drinking, smoking
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Respiratory Controls
Wear a respirator:—When dust exposure
exceeds standard—Engineering controls
not effective—Emergencies
Respirator failure exposes worker Use air-purifying respirator <10 times PEL Use air-supplied respirator >10 times PEL
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First Aid
No first aid for inhalation of silica Get fresh air Wash eyes See a doctor
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Medical Surveillance
Exposure above the PEL Physical exam including:
—Chest X-ray
—Pulmonary function
—Evaluation for tuberculosis Frequency determined by doctor Symptoms found early
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Goals
How crystalline silica contribute to silicosis Prevention measures Quiz
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Summary
Know which work exposes you to silica Use engineering controls Follow good work practices Practice good personal hygiene Wear respirators Stop smoking
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Quiz
1. Name a type of soil in which silica is very common.
2. What does silica dust do to the lungs?
3. What type of construction work is at risk for silicosis?
4. How long can it take symptoms of chronic silicosis to appear?
5. What is one of the first symptoms of silicosis?
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Quiz (cont.)
6. Name a type of engineering control used to prevent silica exposure.
7. What type of ventilation is more effective — general or local?
8. What is the cure for silicosis?
9. What does the medical surveillance program include?
10. Describe some good personal hygiene practices.
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Quiz Answers
1. Sandstone, granite
2. Causes fibrosis, or stiffening and hardeningof the lungs
3. Sandblasting, jack hammering, rock drilling, concrete mixing, concrete cutting, etc.
4. Up to 20 years
5. Difficulty breathing
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Quiz Answers (cont.)
6. Ventilation, isolation of silica processes, suppressing dust with moisture
7. Local ventilation
8. There is none
9. Physical exam, chest X-ray, pulmonary function, tuberculosis exam
10. Separate work and street clothes, vacuum work clothes, shower, wash before eating