1.

4. Ribosome

Translation3.

Protein2.

BELL WORK (Buff Binder – start a new sheet!): Fill in the blanks on the diagram below:

DNA mRNA

Transcription

Nucleus

Set up today’s page…

• Title: Translation• Page: 36• Date: 10-23-14• Essential Question: What is

translation and what is its purpose?

Let’s do some Test Analysis!

• Use the answer key below to correct your test.

1. C2. D3. A4. A5. D6. B7. A8. C9. C10.D

11.C12.B13.D14.C15.D16.C17.B18.A19.D20.C

21. A22. B23. A24. B25. B26. C27. D28. C29. B30. B

Here are the grades…

-1 = 97-2 = 93-3 = 90-4 = 87-5 = 83-6 = 80-7 = 77-8 = 73-9 = 70-10 = 67

-11 = 63-12 = 60-13 = 57-14 = 53-15 = 50-16 = 47-17 = 43-18 = 40-19 = 37-20 = 33

-21 = 30-22 = 27-23 = 23-24 = 20-25 = 17-26 = 13-27 = 10-28 = 7-29 = 3-30 = 0

Central Dogma Analogy

DNA = master copy of building plansmRNA = blueprint for one room of building

Protein = actual bricks that make up the building

Nucleus = boss’s officeRibosome = job site (where the building is

actually built)

Translation:• decoding of an

mRNA message into a polypeptide chain

• occurs on a ribosome (OUTSIDE the nucleus)

Steps:1. mRNA travels to the ribosome2. transfer RNA (tRNA) brings amino acids to the

ribosome3. polypeptide (protein) is formed

How does tRNA know which amino acid to bring?

Codon:three consecutive mRNA bases

•tRNA looks for the codon that pairs with its anticodon

• the ribosome takes the amino acid and attaches it to the polypeptide chain

Anticodon:three complementary tRNA bases

ORDER MATTERS!order of DNA bases order of RNA bases order

of amino acids what protein is made

tRNA

mRNA

Amino acids

How to use the Codon Chart:

1. Use the left side to find the first letter in the codon

2. Use the top to find the second letter in the codon

3. Use the right side to find the third letter of the codon

4. Go to where ALL three overlap on the chart

Did you notice?: The codon “AUG” can specify methionine or serve as the “start” codon for protein

synthesis.

How to use the Codon Wheel:

1. Begin in the middle with the first letter of the codon

2. Go outward to the second letter in the codon

3. Go outward again to the third letter in the codon.

What other codons will tell the ribosome to stop putting amino acids together? What DNA sequences will give you these codes?

Let’s do some Test Analysis!

• Use the answer key below to correct your test.

1. C2. D3. A4. A5. D6. B7. A8. C9. C10.D

11.C12.B13.D14.C15.D16.C17.B18.A19.D20.C

21. A22. B23. A24. B25. B26. C27. D28. C29. B30. B

Here are the grades…

-1 = 97-2 = 93-3 = 90-4 = 87-5 = 83-6 = 80-7 = 77-8 = 73-9 = 70-10 = 67

-11 = 63-12 = 60-13 = 57-14 = 53-15 = 50-16 = 47-17 = 43-18 = 40-19 = 37-20 = 33

-21 = 30-22 = 27-23 = 23-24 = 20-25 = 17-26 = 13-27 = 10-28 = 7-29 = 3-30 = 0

Complete your Test Analysis sheet. It should be taped on page 37.

• Color INCORRECT questions red.• Color CORRECT questions green.• Write your Important Vocabulary for each

standard and use the words in a sentence.