05a2 disturbios do crescimento nomenclatura e classificacao (1)

8/12/2019 05a2 Disturbios Do Crescimento Nomenclatura e Classificacao (1)

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CLASSIFICAO

ENOMENCLATURA

Distrbios do crescimento

e da diferenciao celular


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Introduo

Manter a populao celular dentro de

limites fisiolgicos

Alteraes no controle do ciclo celular

(sistema regulatrio)

Distrbios do crescimento

Distrbios da diferenciao

*os dois ao mesmo tempo


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Alteraes do volume celular

Hipertrofia Clula sofre estmulo excessivo, aumentando a

sntese de seus constituintes bsicos e seu

volume (o aumento do volume acompanhadopor aumento das funes celulares)

Hipotrofia

Clula com volume menor caso sofra

agresso que resulta em diminuio da

nutrio, do metabolismo e da sntese

necessria para renovao de suas estruturas


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Hipertrofia

Clula sofre estmulo excessivo, aumentando

a sntese de seus constituintes bsicos e seu

volume (o aumento do volume

acompanhado por aumento das funescelulares)


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This is cardiac hypertrophy involving the left ventricle. The number of

myocardial fibers does not increase, but their size can increase in

response to an increased workload, leading to the marked thickening of

the left ventricle in this patient with systemic hypertension.


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Hipotrofia

Clula com volume menor caso sofra

agresso que resulta em diminuio da

nutrio, do metabolismo e da sntese

necessria para renovao de suasestruturas


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There are some muscle fibers here that show atrophy. The number of cells is the same

as before the atrophy occurred, but the size of some fibers is reduced. This is a response

to injury by "downsizing" to conserve the cell. In this case, innervation of the small fibers

in the center was lost. This is a trichrome stain.


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The testis at the right has undergone atrophy and

is much smaller than the normal testis at the left.


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This is cerebral atrophy in a patient with

Alzheimer's disease. The gyri are narrowed

and the sulci widened toward to frontal pole.


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Here is the centrilobular portion of liver next to a central vein. The cells

have reduced in size or been lost from hypoxia. The pale brown-yellow

pigment is lipochrome that has accumulated as the atrophic and dying

cells undergo autophagocytosis.


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Alteraes na taxa de divisocelular

Hiperplasia

Aumento da taxa de diviso celular

acompanhado de diferenciao normal

Hipoplasia

Diminuio da taxa de proliferao celular

Aplasia

Ausncia de proliferao celular


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Hiperplasia

Aumento da taxa de diviso celular

acompanhado de diferenciao normal


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The prominent folds of endometrium in this uterus opened to reveal the

endometrial cavity are an example of hyperplasia. Cells forming both

the endometrial glands and the stroma have increased in number. As a

result, the size of the endometrium has increased. This increase is

physiologic with a normal menstrual cycle.


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This is an example of prostatic hyperplasia. The normal prostate is about 3 to 4 cm in

diameter. The number of prostatic glands, as well as the stroma, has increased. The

pattern of increase here is not uniform, but nodular. This increase is in response to

hormonal manipulation, but in this case is not a normal physiologic process


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Here is one of the nodules of hyperplastic prostate. The cells making up the

glands are normal in appearance, there are just too many of them


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Alteraes da diferenciaocelular

Metaplasia

Quando as clulas de um tecido modificam

seu estado de diferenciao normal

(do gr. meta= variao, mudana)


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Metaplasia of laryngeal respiratory epithelium has occurred here in a smoker. The chronic irritation

has led to an exchanging of one type of epithelium (the normal respiratory epithelium at the right)

for another (the more resilient squamous epithelium at the left). Metaplasia is not a normal

physiologic process and may be the first step toward neoplasia.


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Metaplasia of esophageal squamous mucosa has occurred

here, with gastric type columnar mucosa at the left.


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Alteraes do crescimento e dadiferenciao celular

Displasia

Proliferao celular e reduo ou ausncia de

diferenciao (do gr. dys= imperfeito,

irregular)

Neoplasia

Proliferao celular autnoma, geralmenteacompanhada de perda de diferenciao (do

gr. neo = novo)


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Displasia

Proliferao celular e reduo ou ausncia de

diferenciao (do gr. dys= imperfeito,

irregular)


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This is dysplasia. The normal squamous epithelium at the

left transforms to a disorderly growth pattern at the right.

This is farther down the road toward neoplasia.


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Outros distrbios I

Agenesia

Significa uma anomalia congnita na qual um

rgo ou uma parte dele no se forma

Distrofia

Termo empregado para designar vrias

doenas degenerativas sistmicas, genticasou no


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Outros distrbios II

Ectopia ou hetrotopia Presena de um tecido normal em localizao

anormal

Hamartias Crescimentos focais, excessivos, de um determinado

tecido de um rgo; e quando formam tumores sochamados de hamartomas

Coristia Consiste em erros locais do desenvolvimento em que

um tecido normal de um rgo cresce em stios ondenormalmente no encontrado


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05a2 disturbios do crescimento nomenclatura e classificacao (1)

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