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Exercises

Ⅰ. Read the text carefully again and discuss the following questions.Ⅱ.Choose the best answer to complete the following sentences.Ⅲ.Give the English words or phrases according to the meanings provided.Ⅳ. Put the following words expressions from the text in the blanks to complete the sentences. Make changes where necessary.Ⅴ. Rewrite the following sentences and replace the underlined words with appropriate words or phrases from the text.Ⅵ. Word study: For each of the following clues, use the given prompts to produce sentences in the same way as shown in the model.

Unit Three --- Reading I

The Modern Servant---Nanny

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1. What is Amanda’s father? The key comes from Paragraph 1: Amanda Peniston-Bird,21,is the daughter of a judge.

2. Who was Alison? The key comes from Paragraph 2: My sister Charlotte was born when I was seven and my mother decided she needed a nanny to look after us. So we got Alison.

3. When did Alison come to be with Amanda’s family? The key comes from Paragraph 2: My sister Charlotte was born when I was seven and my mother decided she needed a nanny to look after us. So we got Alison.

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4. Why did little Amanda adore Alison very much? The key comes from Paragraph 2: She was very young and wonderful. She had to dress us in the morning and take me to school. After school she made us delicious teas and read us stories in bed. On Charlotte’s birthday she organized a fantastic party.

5. How was Nanny Barnes different from Alison? The key comes from Paragraph 3: Nanny Barnes worked full-time. She was older and quite traditional and wore a uniform.

6. When did Amanda realize that she wanted to be a nanny? The key comes from Paragraph 3: When Alison left, we had a trained nanny who lived with us and worked full-time. It was then that I realized that I wanted to be a nanny.

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7. What did Amanda’s parents think of young Amanda’s decision at the time? The key comes from Paragraph 3: They thought it was just a childish phase she’s going through.

8. What career did Amanda’s parents expect her to pursue? The key comes from Paragraph 3: The parents thought she would follow in her father’s footsteps and study law.

9. When did Amanda’s parents begin to encourage her instead of frowning on her career choice? The key comes from Paragraph 3 The parents and she made it up before she went to college, and they have encouraged her ever since.

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10. Why did Amanda’s parents’ attitude change toward her choice of career? The key comes from Paragraph 4 Amanda has made her own decisions in life and done so well. They have brought her up to be an independent thinker, so they can’t complain. Everything has turned out for the best.

11. Why do Amanda’s parents feel proud of their daughter? The key comes from Paragraph 4 They’re proud and pleased that their daughter has made her own decisions in life and done so well.

12. How would your parents react to your decision to be a nanny?

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1. How did little America think of her first nanny, Alison? a. Alison was well trained as a nanny. b. Alison was too young to be a qualified nanny. c. Alison hardened her resolve to be a nanny. d. Alison stirred her interest in being a nanny.

2. Why did Amanda want to be a nanny? a. She enjoyed looking after children. b. She didn’t want to study in a law school. c. She hated to follow in her father’s footsteps. d. Princess Diana made nannying a fashionable job.

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3. How do Amanda’s parents feel about her choice of career now? a. Her parents think that her decision is rather childish and she will

regret sooner or later. b. Her parents can’t come to terms with the fact that their daughter

chooses to be a nanny. c. Her parents feel very sorry for her and believe their daughter

deserves a more decent job. d. Her parents look upon her choice with mixed feelings but feel

proud of her being so independent.

4. What is true about Alison ? a. Alison worked full-time with Amanda’s family. b. Alison got on well with Amanda and Amanda’s sister. c. Alison came to look after Amanda when Amanda was born. d. Alison was hired by Princess Diana to nurse Prince William.

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5. What can you conclude from the passage? a. Every nanny in Britain school go to college for formal

training b. Both Alison and Nanny Barnes influenced Amanda’s

choice of career c. Parents are held responsible for making good career

decisions for their children d. Nannying has been widely accepted as a respectable

and fashionable job in Britain.

Key : d. a. d. b. b

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1. organize 安排 ; 筹划 to make the necessary arrangement for2. complain 投诉 ; 抱怨 to say that one is not satisfied, unhappy

3. disappointed 失望的 ; 受挫的 sad of dissatisfied4. apply 申请 to make a formal request

5. phase 阶段 ; 时期 a stage in a process of change 6. row 噪声 ; 激烈争吵 loud noise; noisy argument

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7. including 包括 having as a part8. delicious 美味的 pleasant; good to eat

9. adore 热爱 ; 尊敬 to love deeply ad respect highly10. fantastic 极好的 excellent; marvelous

11. proud 感到得意的 ; 自豪的 feeling or showing pride12. fashionable 时兴的 ; 流行的 following a style that is currently popular

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part-time go through make a decision bring up take after make it up turn out at the time get on with for long follow in one’s footsteps

1. The girl’s father is a doctor, she ___________________ and studying to be a doctor.2. As a postgraduate, he supports himself by working __________ in a company.3. The child __________ his father only when seen at a distance.4. The secretary tells me that our new manager is very kind and easy to __________.5. The company has been _____________considerable change for the past three years.

is following in her father’s footsteps

part-timetook after

get on withgoing through

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6. When I first heard the proposal, I agreed _________,but later I changed my mind.7. The company met with a serious financial problem and had to ____________ as to what to do.8.John had a quarrel with Mary last week. Has he ___________ with her yet?9.The job __________ to be harder than we had expected .10.As a good-hearted nanny, Mrs. Smith _________ five parentless children.11. I haven’t seen her daughter ________, so that I’ve forget what she looks like. for long

at the time

make a decision

made it upturned out

brought up

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1.I’ll have a little drop of cream in my coffee. wee 2.How can I read with all this noise going on ? row 3.He is going through the most exciting stage of his career. phase 4.Why don’t you end your quarrel and shake hands with each other? make it up 5.He has made up his mind to return to China and request for a job. apply for 6.Since he’s no longer a child ,he can make his own decision. he has grown up

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1. a. Many young females adore visiting fashionable shows. v.

b. Most of the indigenous tribes on the island adore her as a goddess. v.

c. Girls and boys adore this film for its eye-catching special effects. v.

2. a. He accepted the task without realizing the risk he was taking . v.

b. She spoke English so well that I never realized she was German. v.

c. She realized her ambition of becoming an actress after ceaseless efforts. v.

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3. a. He seated himself in the boat and began rowing towards the harbor’s month. v. b. He’s always having a row with his wife about trifles. n. c. We stood in row to receive our certificates from the headmaster. n.

4. a. The mood of the meeting turned solemn when the problem became known. v. b. I waited so long for my turn to see the doctor that I missed train. n. c. Many countries are starting to turn their attention to new forms of energy. v.

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5. a. He has spent most of his life working for the same company. v. b. The minister was looking forward to spending more time with his family. v. c. They are only able to spend money on basic necessity. v.

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Extended Activities

B ． Function and Structure: Expressing and Responding to Thanks Key to I:1.Thank you very much It’s a pleasure

2. can never thank you enough for It’s nothing

3. Much appreciated. Don’t mention it

4. I’m much obliged to you you would have done the same in my position

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C. Practical Reading: Business Cards Key :1. Sandy Vincent. Because he is an art director. By phone at 081-743-5892 or by fax at 081-743-6351 Phoning is more convenient, for it can reach the very person you want immediately and more directly.

2. TELECON. 23 via Roma, Torino, Italy. Fax: 11 657 2943

3. Brian Conroy. His surname is Conroy and his first name is Brian. He’s working in the International Sales Department. Hardware. He’s American.

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4. I’d advise him to contact Michael Martin. Because he works for INFO TEC, which will provide him with useful information. Chief Information Official. Office: (513) 529-2417.

5. I’ll contact SHINICHI SUZUKI. He is a software engineer. IMPEX IMP. & EXP. LTD.

6 ． John Halley. Salesman. By sending an E-mail to him.

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D. Additional Vocabulary Key:1-15; 2-1; 3-21; 4 -13; 5-9;

6- 6; 7-26; 8 - 3; 9 - 4; 10-5;

11- 8; 12-18; 13-30; 14-11; 15-23;

16 -2; 17-10; 18-25; 19-29; 20-22;

21-12; 22-19; 23-16; 24-7; 25-17;

26-27; 27-14; 28-28; 29-24; 30-20

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译 文 :个 人 发 展 与 工 作 跳 槽

1 在世界许多地方，要获得成功，个人的影响力几乎是必不可少的。 人都需要有一个“教父” ， 一个“赞助人” 。但在美国这里，却不是这样。当然有时所有的人都使用人的影响力，但是，在美国仅仅依靠这种影响力，一个人极少发展得很好。在这里，导致成功的性格，一般被认为是：愿意努力工作（任何职务） 、学识或技能、主动性、令人喜欢的外向的性格。换言之，即使是在个人进步的范围讲，这也是一个“自己动手”的社会。大体上说，成功既不是继承，也不是赐予。因此，这意味着，我们的就业做法不同于其他许多国家。

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2 在一些国家把放弃某个工作，看成是不忠诚的表现；在雇员和雇主之间存在很深的互惠忠诚度，（许多情况下是“接受者”和“资助人”的关系） ；终身工作的保障和家庭的荣誉也经常被联系起来。

3 在美国，这样却是不正确的。 “工作跳槽”是我们经常流动性的一部分。我们认为这是改善自己生活、人往高处走的一个“权利”，如果我们能保持资格承担更大的责任（因此，更好的工作），就会从一个公司跳到另一个到公司。

4 对一些外国人而言， 这种员工的可互换性似乎是不合理的。我们的根在哪里呢？我们怎么能如此冷漠和不人道？ “我们的行为， ”有人说， “好象是跟机器打交道，而不是

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与人相处。 ”他们不明白，许多美国人都喜欢流动工作。新的工作呈现新的挑战、新的机遇、新的朋友和新的经验，常常是这个国家一个新的地方。

5 雇主也可能会相当满意。或许他拥有最佳的思维；一个新人可能会带来新的观念，提高了的技能，或新的能力。况且，一个新手可能会以较低的薪金起步，因为他没有任何资历。在这里，事实上跳槽是这样乐意被接受，一个有能力的人可能在两个或三个公司之间跳来跳去，不止一次受欢迎回到他原来的公司工作，且每一次都在不同的层次工作。

译者：周 荆 洪

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Warm--upI. Work with your partner and list things that people may

consider in choosing their jobs.

Job security, good pay, challenging work, no stress, 工作安全、 好薪资， 挑战性的工作 , 没有压力 ,

distance from work, commuting time, team spirit, 上班的距离 , 上下班时间 , 团队精神、

opportunities to work independently,独立工作机会 ,

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employee shareholding program, retirement benefits, 职员股权计划、 退休利益、

overtime work, paid holidays, vacation time, 加班时间、 带薪度假、 假期时间、

working environment, interesting / friendly coworkers, 工作环境、 有趣的 / 友好的同事、

prestigious title, job status etc. 享有声望的名称 , 工作状态等等

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II. Pairwork: Discuss the following questions with your partner.1.What is important for you in a job? And why?2.Which job do you like to take, a well-paid job you dislike

or a poorly paid job you enjoy?3.Do you prefer to be an employer or an employee?

To Be Employer1. What are the possible benefits of being an employer?2. What qualities does an employer desire in an employee?3. Will you hole against an employee who has a record of

frequent job-hopping?

To Be an Employee1. What are the possible benefits of being an employee?2. What qualities does an employee desire in an employer?3. What is you attitude toward the practice of frequent job-

hopping?

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Notes

1. job-hopping: the practice of moving from job to job.

2. do-it-yourself society: a society in which you should do things yourself, and depend on yourself. (abb. DIY)

3. One needs a “godfather”, a “sponsor”: One needs someone to support economically and help him/her move forward in society.

4. recipient and patron: the person who takes the job, and the person who offers the job opportunity.

5. keep qualifying: to remain in ability to be suited for.

6. move about: to travel from place to place.

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New Words

1. hop v. 跳过 2. influence n. v. 影响 3. essential a. 必要的4. godfather n. 教父

5. sponsor n. 教父 6. trait n. ( 人的 ) 品质 ; 特性7. scholarship n. 学识 ; 奖学金8. initiative n. 主动性9. agreeable a. 令人愉快的

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10. outgoing a. 外向的11. personality n. 个性 ; 性格12. realm n. ( 活动或兴趣 ) 领域13. inherit v. 继承 ( 财产、头衔 )

14. bestow v. 赠与15. disloyal a. 不忠诚的16. reciprocal a. 互相给予的；互惠的17. loyalty n. 忠诚

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18. recipient n. 接受者19. patron n. 资助人20. lifelong a. 终生的21. security n. 安全；保障

22. constant a. 不断的；连续发生的23. mobility n. 流动性；机动性24. better v. 改善25. qualify v. （使）具有 / 取得资格

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26. interchangeability n. 可互换性27. personnel n. （总称）人员；员工28. inhuman a. 无人性的29. challenge n. 激励性的任务；挑战

30. content a. 满意的31. seniority n. 资历；年历32. bounce v. 弹回33. original a. 起初的

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1. get ahead 领先；出人头地2. on the basis of 在……的基础上；根据3. lead to 导致4. by and large 大体上；总的说来5. move upward 升职；升迁

6. deal with 处理；安排7. be content with 满意8. bring in 引进；引入9. back and forth 来回地

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F. Humor Time Key:1. Typist 2.Grocer 3.Surgeon 4.Tailor