ข้อสอบสามัญเครื่องกล power plant 3/2547
TRANSCRIPT
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6 4
POWER PLANT 1 - 3 2
GAS TURBINE 4 - 6 2
POWER PLANT
1. Ideal Saturated Rankine Cycle Power Plant
40 bar (Saturated Temperature 250.3o
C) Condenser 0.10 bar (Saturated Temperature 45.8
oC) -
(25 ) 40 bar hf= 1,087 kJ/kg , h g = 2,801 kJ/kg ,
sf= 2.797 kJ/kg-K , s g = 6.070 kJ/kg-K
0.10 bar hf= 191.83 kJ/kg , h g = 2,584.7 kJ/kg ,s
f= 0.6493 kJ/kg-K , s
g= 8.1502 kJ/kg-K
1.1 Rankine Cycle (Qin)1.2 Rankine Cycle (Qout)1.3 Rankine Cycle (Win)1.4 Rankine Cycle (Wnet)1.5 Rankine Cycle
40 bar hf= 1,087 kJ/kg , h g = 2,801 kJ/kg ,
sf= 2.797 kJ/kg-K , s g = 6.070 kJ/kg-K
0.10 bar hf= 191.83 kJ/kg , h g = 2,584.7 kJ/kg ,s
f= 0.6493 kJ/kg-K , s
g= 8.1502 kJ/kg-K
h1 = 191.83 kJ/kg
h3 = 2,801 kJ/kg
s3 = 6.070 kJ/kg-K
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1W2 = -v*(P2 P1) = h1 h2
= - 0.00101 * (4000 10)
= - 4.03 kJ/kg
h2 = h1 + Wp
= 191.83 + 4.03 kJ/kg
= 195.86 kJ/kg
s4 = s3 = 6.070 kJ/kg-K
x4 = (s4 - 0.6493) / (8.1502 - 0.6493)
= 0.7227
h4 = hf + x4 * (hg hf)
= 191.83 + 0.7227 *(2,584.7 - 191.83)
= 1921.09 kJ/kg
Wt = h3 h4
= 2,801 - 1921.09
= 879.91 kJ/kg
1.1 Qin = h3 h2
= 2,801.4 - 195.86
= 2605.14 kJ/kg
1.2 Qout = h4 h1
= 192109 - 191.83
= 1729.26 kJ/kg
1.3 Wp = 1W2 = - 4.03 kJ/kg
1.4 W = Wt + Wp
= 879.91 4.03
= 875.88 kJ/kg
1.5 Eff = W/Qin
= 875.88 / 2605.14
= 33.62 %
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2. Superheated Rankine Cycle Power Plant (SuperheatedSteam) 30 bar Steam Temperature 300 oC Condenser 0.10 bar (Saturated Temperature 45.8 oC) - (25 )
30 bar hf= 1,008.42 kJ/kg , h g = 2,804.2 kJ/kg ,
sf= 2.6457 kJ/kg-K , s g = 6.1869 kJ/kg-K
300oC h = 2,995 kJ/kg , s = 6.5410 kJ/kg-K
0.10 bar hf= 191.83 kJ/kg , h g = 2,584.7 kJ/kg ,sf= 0.6493 kJ/kg-K , s g = 8.1502 kJ/kg-K
2.1 Rankine Cycle (Qin)2.2 Rankine Cycle (Qout)2.3 Rankine Cycle (Win)2.4 Rankine Cycle (Wnet)2.5 Rankine Cycle
30 bar hf= 1,008.42 kJ/kg , h g = 2,804.2 kJ/kg ,
sf= 2.6457 kJ/kg-K , s g = 6.1869 kJ/kg-K
300oC h = 2,995 kJ/kg , s = 6.541 kJ/kg-K
0.10 bar hf= 191.83 kJ/kg , h g = 2,584.7 kJ/kg ,sf= 0.6493 kJ/kg-K , s g = 8.1502 kJ/kg-K
h1 = 191.83 kJ/kg
h3 = 2,995 kJ/kg
s3 = 6.541 kJ/kg-K
1W2 = -v*(P2 P1) = h1 h2
= - 0.00101 * (3,000 10)
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= - 3.02 kJ/kg
h2 = h1 + Wp
= 191.83 + 3.02 kJ/kg
= 194.85 kJ/kg
s4 = s3 = 6.541 kJ/kg-K
x4 = (s4 - 0.6493) / (8.1502 - 0.6493)
= 0.7855
h4 = hf + x4 * (hg hf)
= 191.83 + 0.7855*(2,584.7 - 191.83)
= 2071.35 kJ/kg
Wt = h3 h4
= 2,995 - 2071.35
= 923.65 kJ/kg
2.1 Qin = h3 h2
= 2800.15 kJ/kg
2.2 Qout = h4 h1
= 1879.52 kJ/kg
2.3 Wp = 1W2 = 3.02 kJ/kg
2.4 W = Wt + Wp
= 923.65 3.02
= 920.63 kJ/kg
2.5 Eff = W/Qin
= 32.88 %
3. Carnot Ideal Cycle 2 ReversibleIsothermal Processes Reversible Adiabatic Processes(Isentropic) Ideal Saturated Rankine Cycle
(25 )
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CARNOT CYCLE SATURATED RANKINE CYCLE
1. Condenser() Condenser
(x1) Entropy Saturated Entropy, sf (P2- BoilerPressure)
1. Condenser () Condenser
(Saturated Liquid) Condenser
2. Pump (x1) Condenser Pump Power
2. Condenser (Boiler) Pump Power Pump
GAS TURBINE
4. (30 ) (25 )1) ......2) 1 specific work................3)
............................. ..................... ..................................4) Regenerator .....................................
5) Reheater ...........................
6) ...............
................................... (//)7) ...............
......................................................................................................................................................................
8) Stagnation temperature ..........................................................................................................
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9) twin spool ...................................................................10) 1. .................... 2. ..
3. .. 4.
11) propelling nozzle ........................................ 12) Propelling nozzle subsonic convergent nozzle
supersonic ......................................................................................................................................... 13) ................................................................................................ 14) ................................................................15) Power plant Cogeneration ...........................................
.......................................................................................................................................................................
T 3 16) 2-5 .
17) ...............................................................
18) ...............................................................
19) Ram compression ...........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
20) exhaust diffuser.......................................................................................
2
45
2
S
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1)
2) 3) , , 4) 5) 6) , 7) 8)
9) 2 10) , , 11) 12) Convergent divergent nozzle
13)
14) Ft = (Mc.Cjc + Mh.Cjh) - MaCa
15) Industrial Gas Turbine
16) Regenerator
17)
18)
19)
20)
5. combined cycle gas turbine 4 waste heat boiler gas turbine boiler 4 steam turbine 1 gas turbine 1 60 MW steam turbine 120 MW
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gas turbine compressor, combustion chamber, turbine generator
60 MW 300 K, 1.01325 barisentropic efficiency compressor 80 %combustion efficiency 97 %
isentropic efficiency turbine 86 %transmission efficiency 99 %
pressure drop combustion chamber 0.04 bar gases turbine 930 0C turbine 1.2 bar, 505 0C 33.5 MJ/m3
specific fuel consumption gas turbine
(CPa) = 1.005 kJ/kgK gases (CPg) = 1.147 kJ/kgK isentropic (a) = 1.4 isentropic gases (g) = 1.333
( R ) = 0.287 kJ/kgK(25 )
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6. gas turbine 2 stages high pressure stage gas turbine low-pressure stage gas turbine high pressure stage compressor low-pressure stage (propeller) = 4 : 1 60 kg/s turbine 6500 C compressor = 1.01 bar, 250C isentropic efficiencies compressor, high-pressure low-pressure stage turbines 80%,83% 85% mechanical efficiency 98% combustion chamber
. turbine 2 stages . Cycle efficiency.
(CPa CPg) 1.005 1.15kJ/kgK (a g ) 1.4 1.333
(25 )
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