Assess the existing status of implementation of ICDS in terms of coverage, out reach, coordination, convergence, and innovations;

Study the differences in implementation in rural, urban tribal, NGO and WB projects;

Identify gaps and problems in the implementation of ICDS;

Find out the perception of community and local bodies and support extended by them;

Ascertain inter-linkages of ICDS with other development programmes; and

Assess the benefits of ICDS on selected outcome indicators

OBJECTIVES

Universe:• Sample was drawn only from blocks which were operational as on 01- 04- 2000 i.e. 4200 projects 3177 rural, 273 urban and 750 tribal).

• For the Study, 150 ICDS projects are selected as a sample i.e. roughly 4% of the total universe.

Sample:1st Stage=Stratified Sampling Technique to decide no. of projects statewise 2nd Stage= Stratified+Purposive( Wherever, there was even one project of rural, urban & tribal category, purposively selected). Selection of Districts: - Districts with maximum number of projects selected* Selection of Projects: - Projects with maximum number of AWWs selected* Selection of AWC villages: - Randomly and at least from two Supervisory circles * Selection of Beneficiaries: - Randomly with the help of AWC’s record

TOOLSA-Interview Schedule for Beneficiaries: No. per

AWC

1. Schedule for Pregnant Women 4

2. Schedule for Nursing Mothers 4

3. Schedule for Mothers of 6m-3yrs. Children 5

4. Schedule for Mothers of 3-6yrs. Children 5

5. Schedule for Women (15-45yrs) 5

6. Household Schedule 23

C- Observation Schedules

1. CLCT( Child Learning Competency Test) 6

2. Observation schedule for AWC 1

B-Schedule for obtaining information related to support & convergence

1. Schedule for Community Leaders

i) Members of PRIs 1

ii) School Teacher 1

D-Schedule for the Functionaries

No. of Schedule/Project

1. Schedule for CDPOs 1

2. Schedule for MO 1

3. Schedule for Supervisor 2

4. Schedule for LHV/ANM 1

5. Schedule for AWWs 25

Contd/-

Total No. of Respondents=41,842

Measures taken:* Preparation of detailed Guidelines

• Preparation of Pre-coded Interview Schedules

• Orient. Workshop of NIPCCD Faculty & Regional Coordinators

• Rigorous training to field staff

• Editing to detect errors & omissions in entries of the schedules

• Data revalidation at the time of entry & validation with the help of “Clipper” software

• Checked range/consistency of every coded response

• Manual checking of 10% entries

• New Concept Information System – a Delhi based professional agency has been engaged for Computerization and data analysis

DATA QUALITY

Computerization & Analysis

HIGHLIGHTS OF FINDINGS

38.743.1 43.2

19.9

75.4

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

1992 2001 2006

(i) Kutcha

(ii) Pucca

ICDS Over the Years - Infrastructure

(at AWC level)

Type of Building of AWCs

73.476.3

32.9

90.71

55.9

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

1992 2001 2006

WeighingScaleLearningKit (PSE)

ICDS Over the Years - Infrastructure

(at AWC level)

Availability of Equipment/ Kit in usable Condition

ICDS over the Years-Staff Position

72.5

95.1

98.2

82.3

97.5

96.7

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

Supervisorin Position

AWWs inPosition

AWHs inPosition

% a

ge

1992

2006

Training Status (% trained)

Sl.No.

Staff NIPCCD Study *1992

NCAER Study**2001

Present Study**

*2006

(i) CDPOs 73.6 D.N.A. 81.6

(ii) Supervisor 84.0 D.N.A. 95.2

(iii) AWWs 80.0 83.6 98.3

D.N.A.= Data Not Available

Educational Qualification of AWWs (% age)

S.No. Staff NIPCCD Study 1992

Present Study2006

(i) Matriculate (H.S.) 49.6 43.2

(ii) Higher Secondary/ Inter

13.6 23.3

(iii) Graduate D.N.A. 10.0

ICDS Over the Years-Supplementary Nutrition

Category NIPCCD Study-1992

Present Study-2006

Coverage of Beneficiaries under SN % %

a) 6m-3 yrs Children

Registered 45.4 57.15

Availing 78 78.25

b) 3-6 yrs Children

Registered 56 63.5

Availing 79.7 75.4

c) Pregnant Women

Registered 36.1 47.5

Availing 77.8 87.3

d) Nursing Mothers

Registered 50.2 52.8

Availing (%) 78 88.6

41

58.9

29

71

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

1992 2006

Percentageof childrenless than2500 gramsof children

Percentageof childrenmore than2500 grams

Birth Weight of New Born Children

Nutritional Grade (Children 0-3 Yrs)

35.5 35.2

22.4

6.8

53

16.3

7

1.10

10

20

30

40

50

60

Normal Grade-I Grade-II Grade-III& IV

Grade

Perc

enta

ge

1992 2006

Nutritional Grade (Children 3-5 Yrs)

35.9

21.3

4

49.1

12.8

3.20.8

38.8

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

Normal Grade-I Grade-II Grade-III& IV

Grade

Per

cent

age

1992 2006

Quality of SN (as per AWWs)

32

41.6

34.631.2

9.412.3

7.8 9.1

05

1015202530354045

Poor Q

uality

Not T

asty

Cause

s Dia

arrh

oea

Difficu

lt to

Dig

est

Quality

Pe

rce

nta

ge

NIPCCD Study-1992

Present Study-2006

Disruption in Distribution of SN

Disruption in distribution of SN

NIPCCD Study-1992

Present Study-2006

AWWs reporting disruption (%) 62.3 54

Average No. of days of disruption 63.7 41.3

Reasons for Disruption (% AWWs)

Food items not supplied 89 44.5

Weather conditions 15.6 3.3

Transportation Problem 21 9.8

PSE, Health Check-up & IFA to Children

Coverage Under PSE (1992 vs 2006)

NIPCCD Study-1992

Present Study-2006

Registered (Average/AWC) 43.9 37.0Availing 31.3 28.0

Health Check-up0-3 yrs. Children (%) 45.9 56.13-6 yrs Children (%) 29.9 46.7

Children receiving IFA Tabs. (%)6 m - 3 yrs % 30.0 59.63 - 6 yrs. % 37.0 64.8

Place of Delivery (in percentage)

NIPCCD Study-1992

Present Study-2006

Home Delivery 72 53.4PHC/Sub-Centre/Govt. Hospital 19.5 29.6Pvt. Hospital 6.3 16.5Others 0.5 0.4

Birth Attended By

(in percentag

e)

(in percentag

e)Trained Dai 33.2 29.1Health staff (ANM/PHN/LHV) 21.1 32.8Pvt. Practitioners 7.9 17.2Untrained Persons (AWWs/Family Members/Others

37.7 19.6

Total Inst. Delivery DNA 46.2Post-natal Care 37.2 57.5

Percentage of Children Immunized

Children NIPCCD Study 1992

Present Study 2006 *

Children (0-1 years)

BCG 71.5 82.4

Measles 50.4 70.5

Polio 37.5 70.5

Children (3-6 years)

DT Booster 28.4 54.9

Appraisal of ICDS Management – Input Variables

• X1 = % of CDPOs in position• X2 = % of Supervisors in position• X3 = % of AWWs in position• X4 = % of trained CDPOs• X5 = % of trained Supervisors• X6 = % of trained AWWs• X7 = No. of visit of CDPO• X8 = No. of supervisory visits• X9= Coordination (as reported by CDPO) with Health Department• X10= Average No. of days SN supplied• X11= Availability of Weighing Scale• X12= Availability of PSE Kit• X13= Availability of NHEd Materials• X14= Availability of Medicine Kit

Based on above Input Variables Projects are rated as:

Very Good=63, Good= 71, Poor=16,Total=150

Appraisal of Output/Outcomes of Programme

• Y1 = Observation Score of AWCs• Y2 = CLCT Score (Child Learning Competency Test): • Y3 = % of Children under Normal category• Y4 = % of Grade I Children• Y5 = % of Grade II Children• Y6 = % of Grade III and IV Children• Y7 = No. of 3-6 years children attending PSE classes• Y8 = No. of fully immunized (children)• Y9 = No. of fully immunized (pregnant women)• Y10= Health check-up (No. of Women)• Y11= Health check-up (No. of children)• Y12= No. of NHEd sessions organized• Y13= No. of Referral Cases• Y14= No. of Pass out Children admitted to Primary School

Based on above Output/Outcome Variables Projects are rated as:

Very Good=43, Good= 86, Poor=21 Total=150

Relationship Between Input, Output / Outcomes

< 35 (Poor)

35-45 (Good)

>45(Very Good)

Total

> 15 (Very Good)

4 30 29 63

10-15 (Good) 12 46 13 71

<10 (Poor) 5 10 1 16

Total 21 86 43 150

Output / Outcomes (No. of Projects)Output / Outcomes (No. of Projects)

In

pu

tIn

pu

t

GAP AREAS

Infrastructure

a) No toilet facility 60% AWCs

b) Unsatisfactory toilet facility 17 % AWCs

c) Non availability of Sub- 57% AWCs

Centres

d) Non-availability of

- Indoor Space 48.5 % AWCs

- Outdoor 48.7 % AWCs

e) No separate space for 50.0 % AWCs

Storage

Equipments/Kits/Utensil

a) Non-availability of Weighing 9.29 % AWCs

Scale

b) Non-availability of learning kit 44.1 % AWCs

c) Non-availability of NHEd 37 % AWCs

materials/aids

d) Non-availability of Utensils

- For cooking 28.7 % AWCs

- For serving 33.6 % AWCs

Coordination

Non-existence of Coordination Committee at Project level

Rural 20.0 %

Tribal 28.1 %

Urban 12.5 %

Services

i) SN a) Disruption in supply (Av.days) 41.3 days

b) Supply of Spoiled Food items 6.3 % projects

c) LBW Babies29.0 %

Health Check-up

a) Health Check-up not done

- 0-3 years children 43.9 %

- 3-6 years children 53.3 %

b) Children not receiving IFA Tablets

- 6 months - 3 years 40.4 %

- 3 - 6 years 35.2 %

c) Children not immunized fully34.0 %

THANK YOU