The 2nd Yellow Sea Regional Science Conference in Xiamen, China, Feb 24-26, 2010

NOWPAP region

The Common Procedures

Secondary checkup for finding drivers

Holistic assessment in the detected potential eutrophic areas with the

Common Procedures

Holistic Assessment for finding drivers

Detailed assessment in the detected potential eutrophic areas with the

Common Procedures

Means of observation Strength Weaknesses

Satellite Remote Sensing

• Wider area and higher temporal coverage • Free data access over the Internet • Objectively detect relative change

• Low accuracy in estimation of Chl-a in coastal area • No data obtained under cloud • Data is available only at sea surface

Ship board measurement • Obtain data under

sea surface • Can obtain actual measured value

• Data represent only point of information • Analysis of Chl-a need expertise • Costly

Preliminary Assessment

for screening

Holistic Assessment for finding drivers

http//www.nowpap3.go.jp/eng/

128oE 132oE 136oE 140oE 144oE

30oN

33oN

36oN

39oN

42oN

45oN

36.5 to 38.0ON136.5 to 138.5OE

Toyama Pref.

Toyama Bay

128oE 132oE 136oE 140oE 144oE

30oN

33oN

36oN

39oN

42oN

45oN

36.5 to 38.0ON136.5 to 138.5OE

Toyama Pref.

Toyama Bay

85

48

85 96 96

100 96

100 100 100 96

100 100 93

100 100 100 100 96 100 96

60

36 32

60

44

84 88 92

76

60

100

0

20

40

60

80

100

1976

19

77

1978

19

79

1980

19

81

1982

19

83

1984

19

85

1986

19

87

1988

19

89

1990

19

91

1992

19

93

1994

19

95

1996

19

97

1998

19

99

2000

20

01

2002

20

03

2004

20

05

2006

20

07

Achi

evem

ent

rate

of

w

ater

qua

lity

stan

dard

(%)

Sensor NASDA (JAXA) OCTS on ADEOS NASA SeaWiFS on Orbview 2 NASA MODIS on Aqua

Algorithm NASA OC4 (standard algorithm)Duration 13 Years from Jan 1997 to Dec 2009Data Monthly composite

Nov 1996

Jun 1997

Sep 1997

Present

Jun 2002

Dec 2004

Dec 2009

HD Current status high

but decreasing trend

HN Current status high but no decreasing or increasing trend

HI Current status high

and increasing trend

LD Current status low

and decreasing trend

LN Current status low

and no decreasing or increasing trend

LI Current status low

but increasing trend

Decrease Increase

HISevere eutrohic area

-> Holistic assessment needed

HNEutrophic area

-> Holistic assessment needed

HDPotential eutrophic area

-> Holistic assessment needed

LIPotential eutrophic area

-> Holistic assessment needed

LNNon eutrophic area

-> No Holistic assessment needed

LDNon eutrophic area

-> No Holistic assessment needed

Decrease Increase

Holistic Assessment for finding drivers

Detailed assessment with the

Common Procedures in the detected potential eutrophic areas by

satellite Chl-aDetected eutrophic area by preliminary assessment

Category Parameters

Application of identification tools

Status (High or Low)Trend

Comparison Occurrence

IDegree of nutrient enrichment (NE)

Loading of TN and TP TN and TP Winter DIN and DIP Winter DIN/DIP ratio

- - ---

II Direct effects of NE

Chl-a (field data) Chl-a (satellite) Red tide (diatom)

-

- -

III Indirect effects of NE

DO Fish kill COD

- -

-

IV Other possible effects of NE

Food poisoning Red tide (Noctiluca sp.)

- -

Category ParametersStatus (High or Low)

Comparison Occurrence

IDegree of nutrient enrichment (NE)

TN TP Winter DIN Winter DIP Winter DIN/DIP ratio

0.3 mg/L 0.03 mg/L0.144 mg/L0.017 mg/L16

- ---

II Direct effects of NE Chl-a (for both field

and satellite data) Red tide (diatom)

6μg/L (annual mean)/

20μg/L (annual max) -

--

1 occurrence

III Indirect effects of NE

DO Fish kill COD

6.0 mg/L-

3.0 mg/L

-1 occurrence

-

IV Other possible effects of NE

Food poisoning Red tide (Noctiluca sp.)

- -

1 occurrence1 occurrence

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

1985

1986

1987

1988

1989

1990

1991

1992

1993

1994

1995

1996

1997

1998

1999

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004LoadingofTN（ton/day）

Joganji RiverJinzu RiverTotal

LocationKendall tau rank

correlation coefficient (!)

Probability(p)

Significant difference

Identification Result

Joganji R. 0.064 0.697 ns N Jinzu R. 0.453 0.005 ** I Total 0.449 0.006 ** I ns: no significant difference detected, *:<0.05, **:<0.01

0.0

0.5

1.0

1.5

2.0

2.5

1985

1986

1987

1988

1989

1990

1991

1992

1993

1994

1995

1996

1997

1998

1999

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004LoadingofTP（ton/day） Joganji River

Jinzu River

Total

　LocationKendall tau rank

correlation coefficient（!）

Probability（p） Significant difference

Identification result

Joganji R. 0.218 0.205 ns N Jinzu R. -0.512 0.002 ** D Total -0.432 0.008 ** D ns: no significant difference detected, *:<0.05, **:<0.01

Category Parameter

Identification Classification Status

Trend by Parameter

by CategoryComparison Occurrence

I Loading of TN - - I I

HI

Loading of TP - - D D TN L - None LN TP L - None LN Winter DIN H - None HN Winter DIP L - None LN Winter DIN/DIP ratio - - None N

II Annual max Chl-a (field) L - None LN

HN

Annual mean Chl-a (field) L - None LN Annual max Chl-a (satellite) H - None HN Annual mean Chl-a (satellite) L - None LN

Red tide (diatom) - None D LD III DO H - D LI

LI Fish kill - None None LN COD L - I LI

IV Food poisoning - None None LN LN Red tide (Noctiluca) - None None LN

Category Classification results Interpretation of results

IDegree of nutrient Enrichment (NE)

HI Nitrogen was considered as a driver of eutrophication, because loading of TN was increased and winter DIN was also high

II Direct effects of NE HN

Annual max of Chl-a over 20µg/L was recorded in satellite observation, and therefore routine observation is required

III Indirect effects of NE LI

Continuous observation is necessary, because decrease of DO and increase of COD was found.

IV Other possible effects of NE

LN Eutrophication is not yet proceeded in category IV, but continuous observation is necessary.

Thank you very much!