Yœl◊ IX

˙LW[ AW—

LpÆj’˚\

RVÙ¨l◊

UÙ®Xd LpÆVÙWÙnf£ Utflm T´t£ ®flY]m (SCERT), LW[m

2019

˙LW[l TÙPËp

R™r

Kerala Reader - Tamil (BT)

Standard IX

NT-

421-

1-TA

MIL

-9-B

T

Prepared by :State Council of Educational Research and Training (SCERT)Poojappura, Thiruvananthapuram - 695 012, KeralaWebsite: www.scertkerala.gov.ine-mail: scertkerala@asianetindia.comPhone : 0471 - 2341883, Fax: 0471 - 2341869#÷Type setting: SCERT Computer LabPrinted at: KBPS, Kakkanad, Kochi-30

© Government of Kerala • Department of Education

˙RNıV LˆRm

_] LQ U] ARıSÙVL _V ˙a

TÙWR TÙdV YıRÙRÙ

TgNÙT £k’ œ_WÙR UWÙhPÙ

RıWÙYıP EjLX TeLÙ

YıkRıV aıUÙNX Vÿ]Ù LeLÙ

EfNX _XRı RWeLÙ

RY —T SÙ˙U _Ù˙L

RY —T BNı^ UÙ˙L

LÙ˙L RY _V LÙRÙ

_] LQ UeL[ RÙVL _V ˙a

TÙWR TÙdV YıRÙRÙ

_V ˙a! _V ˙a! _V ˙a!

_V _V _V _V ˙a!

˛ ULÙLÆ CW≈kßWSÙj RÙ·o

EflRı˘UÙZı

CkRıVÙ G]’ SÙ”. CkRıVo A˚]Y⁄m G]’ EPuTı\k˙RÙo.

G]’ SÙh˚P SÙu E´¨‡m ˙UXÙL Ußd°˙\u. ARu Y[m YÙnkR

TpY˚Ll TWmT˚Wl ◊LØp SÙu ˘T⁄˚U˘LÙs°˙\u. ARtœjRL SÙu

Guflm SPk’˘LÙs˙Yu.

Gu ˘Tt˙\Ùo, BNıÙıVo, Íj˙RÙo CYoL˚[ SÙu Suœ Ußl˙Tu.

GpXÙ⁄P‡m SÙu Ti◊Pu TZœ˙Yu. G]’ SÙh•≤Pÿm SÙh”

UdL∞Pÿm TdߟPu C⁄l˙Tu G] Eflß ·fl°˙\u. AYoL∞u

SXjߤm Y[jߤmRÙu G]’ CuTÿm APe°´⁄d°\’.

CkßV AW£VX˚Ul◊f NhPmTÙLm 4 A

CkßVd œ•UdL∞u A•lT˚Pd LP˚ULs

51 A ©¨‹d·fl

(A) CkßV AW£V˚X˚Ul◊f NhPj’dœ CQe° J›œR¤m, ARu EV¨V

˙SÙdLeL˚[Ÿm ®flY]eL˚[Ÿm Utflm ˙R£Vd ˘LÙ•˚VŸm ˙R£V

∏Rj˚RŸm UßjR¤m;

(B) Sm SÙh•u Æ”R˚Xl ˙TÙWÙhPjßtœ G›f£Îh•V EVokR GiQeL˚[

˘Sg£p ®fljßl ©uTtflRp;

(C) CkßVÙÆu C˚\VÙi˚U˚VŸm Jtfl˚U˚VŸm ˙So˚U˚VŸm

®˚X®fljßd LÙlTÙtflRp;

(D) CkßV AW— ˙Yi”m˙TÙ’ SÙh˚Pl TÙ’LÙdL‹m SÙh”dLÙLj ˘RÙi”

◊¨V‹m RVÙWÙ´⁄jRp;

(E) NUVm, ˘UÙØ, YhPÙWm, C] ˙Ytfl˚ULs YWm◊ ¡fl°\ ®˚X´p ARtœ

GßWÙL GpXÙ CkßV UdL∞˚P˙VŸm Sp≠QdLj˚RŸm, ˘TÙ’YÙ]

EPu©\l◊ EQo˚YŸm Y[ojRp; ˘Ti˚U´u Ußl◊dœ CØ‹ HtT”j’m

˘NVpL˚[ Æh˘PÙØjRp;

(F) SU’ LX˚Yl TiTÙh•u EVokR UW˚T Ußj’l ˙T‘Rp;

(G) LÙ”Ls, H¨Ls, BflLs, Y]ÆXeœLs Es∞hP CVt˚LVÙ] —tfll◊\f

„Z˚Xl TÙ’LÙj’ ˙UmT”jR¤m, YÙ›m E´oLs ¡’ CWdLm ˘LÙsfiR¤m;

(H) A±ÆVp NÙokR U]lTÙeœ, U≤R˙SVm, ÆNÙ¨j’ A±Ÿm Es[±‹jß\m,

∫oß⁄jRjß\m B°VYt˚\ Y[ojRp.

(I) ˘TÙ’ E˚P˚UL˚[l TÙ’LÙjR¤m Yuÿ˚\˚V Æh˘PÙØjR¤m;

(J) ˘T⁄m ÿVt£Ls NÙR˚]L∞u EVokR T•L˚[ ˙SÙd° C˚PÆPÙUp

ÿu˙]\jRdL Y˚L´p R≤U≤R ·h” SPY•d˚L´u GpXÙl TWl◊L∞¤m

ÿRu˚U ®˚X GnR ÿV¤Rp;

(K) Bfl YVßtœm Tß]Ùuœ YVßtœm C˚PlThP T⁄Yÿs[ Ru œZk˚Rdœ,

ARu ˘Tt˙\Ùo ApX’ TÙ’LÙYXo LpÆdLÙ] YÙnl◊L˚[ HtT”jßd

˘LÙ”jRp;

B°V C˚YV˚]j’m Jq˘YÙ⁄ CkßVd œ•UL≤u A•lT˚Pd

LP˚UL[Ùœm.

UÙQYf ˘NpYeL˙[!

˘UÙØ GuT’ U≤R˚] J⁄e°˚QdLf ˘NnŸm

L⁄ÆVÙL Uh”Uu± U≤R EQo‹L˚[ ˘Y∞lT”j’m

FPLUÙL‹m ßLr°\’. ˘UÙØ´u C≤˚UŸm

Bt\¤m AR˚]l TVuT”j’˙YÙ¨u Ru˚U˚Vl

˘TÙflj˙R A˚UŸm. ˘UÙØ YÙ´XÙLl TiTÙ”, L˚X,

CXd°Vm B°VYt˚\d Ltfl, LÙXjßtœ HtT

AYt˚\j ß\mTPl TVuT”jR ˙Yi”m. LÙXf

„Z¤dœ HtT ˘UÙØ´p UÙt\eLs ®LrY’i”.

AYt˚\ A±k’, ˘UÙØ A˚Ul©˚] Suœ ◊¨k’,

AR˚]d LVÙfim ß\˚] UÙQYoLs T\ Yi”m.

Aj’Pu YÙrÆVp Ußl¿”L˚[Ÿm ◊¨k’˘LÙi”

AYt˚\j ReLs YÙrd˚L´p ©uTt\ ÿVX

˙Yi”m.

Ck˙SÙd°p "NU°W' (Samagra) Gu\ LpÆ ˙TÙoPp

(Portel), R£V RÙØp ß\u NhPLm (NSQF), NU LÙXj’

ÿd°Vj’Ym YÙnkR T¨Po æo‹Ls, Utflm RÙØp

÷hT (ICT) YÙnl◊Ls B°VYt±tœ CkRl TÙPË≠p

ÿd°Vj’Ym ˘LÙ”dLlTh”s[’. CYt˚\ Suœ

Ltfll TV]˚PV YÙrj’°˙\u.

YÙrj’LfiPu,

ÿ˚]-Yo ˙_. ©WNÙj

CVdœSo

UÙ®Xd LpÆVÙWÙnf£ Utflm T´t£ ®flY]m

ß⁄Y]kR◊Wm

TdLm

AXœ 1 L˚Xd˙LÙ◊WeLs 5 36

Lp≠p C˚ZjR YiQeLs ............................................................6

U¶f-£j-ß-Wj-RÙr ............................................................................................ 21

Íe-°p LÙtfl..................................................................................................... 26

AXœ 2 Ëfl YV’ YÙZ-XÙm ..................................... 37 52

SXm SÙ• .................................................................................................................38

Yp-X˚U LÙl- TÙm .....................................................................................42

E´o Y[ol˙TÙm ......................................................................................... 47

AXœ 3 ˘RÙ”-YÙ-]m ˘RÙ”k-Á-Wm ...................... 53 71

R™r œμ ..............................................................................................................54

Ad-≤f £\-œ-Ls ............................................................................................60

YÙ]-Æp..................................................................................................................64

˘NÙpXLWÙß ............................................................................. 72

˘TÙ⁄[PdLm

NÿRÙVjßu LiQÙ•VÙLl ©WßT≠lT˚Y CXd°Ve-Lfim

L˚XLfim. U≤Ru Ru LtT˚]jß\- ]Ÿm A±YÙt\˚XŸm

£\lTÙL ˘Y∞lT”j’Yßp L˚XLfidœ ÿd°V Teœi”.

L˚XL∞u Tp’˚\ Y[of£ Tt± A±Rp Cu˚\Vj

˙R˚YVÙ°\’. CVkßW YÙrd˚L´≠⁄k’ CVpTÙ]

YÙrd˚Ldœj ß⁄m©YWj Ái”Y’ L˚XL˙[VÙœm.

L˚XL˚[l Tt±V BrkR A±Æ˚]l ˘T\‹m, ˙LW[j

R™ZLd L˚XL∞˚P˙V Es[ ˘RÙPo˚T EQW‹m

L˚XL˚[l ˙TÙt±l TÙ’LÙdL ˙Yi”m Gu\ GiQj˚R

HtT”jR‹m ER‹m Y˚L´p CqYXœ A˚UdLl-Th”s[’.

6

°ZÆ A∞jR ®Zp°ZÆ A∞jR ®Zp°ZÆ A∞jR ®Zp°ZÆ A∞jR ®Zp°ZÆ A∞jR ®Zp

UÙUu-]u CWÙ_-WÙ-_-- NÙ-Zu Æi-ÿh”m Rg˚Nl ˘T¨V

˙LÙ´˚X E⁄-YÙd-°V ˙TÙ’ J⁄SÙs...

LÙh£ ˛ 1

Jo K˚Xd ˘LÙh-P˚L

AR-‡s L⁄e-Lt-Ls °Pd-°u-\-].

£t-©-Ls AUok’ E∞-VÙp ˘N’d-°d ˘LÙi-•-⁄d-°u-\-]o.

( Skßf £˚X-Ls)

Lp-≠p E∞ ˙UÙ’m J≠ £ƒo £ƒ- Wufl ˙Lh-”d ˘LÙi-•⁄d°-\-’.

R˚X-˚Uf £t© J⁄ £t-Tj-ßu A⁄˙L ˙NÙL-UÙ] ÿLj- RÙ”

Eh-LÙok-ß-⁄d-°-\Ùo.

TÙo˚Y CXd-°u± Ge˙LÙ ˘Y±j-R-YÙ-±-⁄d-°-\-’. ˙Yfl C⁄

ERÆf £t-©-Ls ( Skßf £˚X A⁄-°p) Re-L-fid-œs ˙T—-°u-\-]o.

£t© 1 : Li-Pu : Ai˙Q! Ee-L -°hP J⁄ Nk-˙R-Lm

˙Lh-L-‘m‡ ®˚]d-°- \u, ˙Lh-L-XÙ-UÙ...?

£t© 2 : øXu : Nk- R-Lm‡ Ji‘ Yk-ßhPÙ EP˙] ˙Lh-”-\-

RÙu ®VÙ-Vm. Hu-]Ù, Nk-˙R-Lm ˘T¨V ÆVÙ-ßu‡

˘T¨-V-Ye-L ˘NÙp-≠-⁄d-LÙe-L, ø EP˙] Nh-”-◊h-

”u‡ ˙Lh-”-”l-TÙ.. Gu] Nk- R-Lm E]d-œ..?

Li-Pu : ClT SÙm Lh-•d-°h-•-⁄d- LÙ˙U ˘T¨V ˙LÙ´p CR-

˙]ÙP R≤f £\l◊ Gu-]... ?

Lp≠p C˚ZjR YiQeLs

7

øXu : ( A•l-T’˙TÙp ˚L˚V Ke-°) Hn... Hn... CkRl

˘T¨V ˙LÙ´˚X SÙm Lh-P- \Ùm‡ ˘NÙp-±- V..

E]dœ A±-Æ-⁄d-LÙ...? SÙm Ce˙L ˙Y˚X

˘Nn-V-˙\Ùm, ˙LÙ´-˚Xd Lh-”-Y’ UÙUu-]o

CWÙ-_-WÙ_ NÙZo, Gu-]j- R-VÙ-Y’ E[± TÙZl-◊X

UiQ ˙TÙh-”-PÙ- R-PÙ...

Li-Pu : ( TVl-T-”-Y’ ˙TÙX S•j-’) N¨i-˙Q... H˙RÙ

˘R -VÙUÙ YÙn RY± ˘NÙp-≠h- Pu. Uu-≤f-£-”.

CWÙ-_-WÙ_ ˙NÙZ UL-WÙ_Ù Lh-P\ Ck-Rl ˘T¨V

˙LÙ´-˙XÙP R≤f-£-\l◊ Gu-].. . N¨-RÙ˙]

(R˚X˚V Bh-•) Cl-Tf ˘NÙp-¤eL.

øXu : N¨, N¨ ø. ˘T¨V ˙LÙ´p‡ ˘NÙp- \pX A’˙Y

£\l-◊-RÙu. Cu-≤dœ NÙZ SÙh-”-X, NW SÙh-”X,

TÙi-•V SÙh-”X, Tp-XY SÙh-”X Gq-Y-[˙YÙ

˙LÙ´-¤eL C⁄dœ. B]Ù Cq-Y-[‹ ˘T¨V

˙LÙ´p Ge-L-Ÿm Cp- X. A’-RÙu C˙RÙP ÿRp

£\l◊. Al-◊-\m Gj-R]˙VÙ £\l-◊eL C⁄d-œ.

Li-Pu : Ai-˙Q, Ai˙Q! A˚Rj-RÙu Gu-]u‡

˙Lh- Pu.

øXu : Li-PÙ... E]d˙L ˘R¨-Ÿm. Cq-Y-[‹ ˘T¨V

˙LÙ◊-WjR Lh-•l-◊h- PÙm. Al-◊-\m ˙U˙X AkR

˘T¨V ÆUÙ-]jR[d Lp˚X Gl-T• G”j-’d-°h-”l

˙TÙ\’u‡ T¨V œZl-Tm Yk-ß-”f-—. Ëfl VÙ˚]

TXm C⁄d-œm Ak-Rd Lp. Gu] ˘Ng-˙NÙm?

A˚Wd-LÙR ÁWj-ßtœ NÙWm Lh• A’ ˙U˙X

Aq-Y-[‹ ˘T¨V Lp˚X Ët-fld-L-Qd-LÙ]

Bh-Ls ˚Yj-’, E⁄h-•d-˘LÙi” Yk’

˘TÙ⁄j-ß˙]Ùm Al-◊ -\m AkRf

NÙWj˚Rd L˚X-dL-\-’d˙L TX UÙRe-Ls

B´t-fl. C’ J⁄ ˘T¨V fı\l◊ RÙ˙]?

Li-Pu : BUÙm Ai-˙Q...! A’-RÙu G]d-œj

˘R -Ÿ- U. AkRf NÙWm LhP BWm-©f- NÙ-

˙U, AkR FWd-·P " NÙWl Ts-[m' ˙]

_]eL ˘NÙp-X\ÙeLi- Q. ˙U˙X Ef-

£˙X AkR ÆUÙ-]jR[j-’X SÙ¤ Í˚X-

-¤m B\• ø[m, Ag-N• AL-X-ÿs[

Skßf £˚X-Ls ˘LÙi” ˙TÙn Yf-˙NÙ-

˙U, A’ ·P ˘T¨V £\l-◊-RÙi- Q.

R˚X- Uf £t© : ( ÁWj-ß-≠-⁄k’ CYo-L- [d LY-

≤j’ ) ˙Pn ... øX-Li-PÙ... øX-Li-PÙ,

Ae˙L Gu-]PÙ ˙Tf-—...? CeL YÙe-L...

( K• Y⁄-°-\Ùo-Ls)

8

øXu : Ju-fl-™p˚X R˚X- Uf £t-©-VÙ˙W! U˚X-Ls H’m

Cp-XÙR CkR Rg˚N Y[SÙh-•p ˘YœÁWj-ßtœ

Al-TÙ-≠-⁄k’ L⁄e-Lt-L- [d ˘LÙi” Yk’ œÆjR

Sm Uu-]-˚W-Ÿm, A˚R At-◊-R-UÙ] £t-Te-L-[Ùd°,

AZ-LÙ] Ck-Rd ˙LÙ◊-Wj˚R E⁄-YÙd-°V Re-Ls

˚LYiQj- R-Ÿm ◊L-rk’ ˙T£d ˘LÙi-•-⁄k˙RÙm.

˙Y˘\Ùu-fl-™p-˚X.

( RÙu ˘NÙu-]- R˙V ß⁄l-©d ·flm øX˚], Li-Pu

ÿ˚\d-L... )

R˚X- Uf £t© : TÙ’m TÙ’m, øe-Ls ◊Lrk-R-’. Y˚X- Vf

˘Nn-VÙ-Up GRt-LÙL ˘Yh-•l ˙Tf-—... Uu-]o œP-

ÿ-›d-LÙh” ÆZÙ-‹dœ SÙs œ±dL ˙Yi-”- Uufl

AY-N-Wl-T-”j-’-°-\Ùo, øe-L-[Ù-]Ùp NRÙ-NoY LÙX-ÿm

˘Yh-•l˙Tf— ˙T—-°-»o-Ls, ß⁄-U-ßp ¡’ ˘TÙ⁄jR

Skß £t-Te-Ls ˘NnV ˙Yi-•V ˘TÙfll˚T Ee-L-∞-Pm

Jl-T- Pj-ß-⁄k- R- ], Gu-]-YÙ- tfl?

Li-Pu : R˚X-˚Uf £t-©-VÙ˙W! RÙe-Ls Lh-P-˚[l-T• AY-N-

W-UÙL Skß £t-Te-L- [f ˘Nn’ ÿ•l-T-Rt-LÙ-Lj-RÙu

SÙe-Ls YL-UÙL E∞- Vl TÙnf-£, —j-ß-VÙp Rh-”-°- \Ùm

EP˙] Lp CWi-PÙL E˚Pk’ ˙TÙ°-\-’. J⁄ Lp

E˚Pk-RÙp CWi” Lp-XÙ-°-\-’. J⁄ Skß £˚X

E˚Pk-RÙp CWi” Skß £˚X-VÙL BLd ·PÙRÙ?

A’˙TÙu\ £tT Æj˚R G’-‹m Lt-fld ˘LÙs-[Ù-

Up ˙TÙn-Æh- PÙ˙U Gufl ™L-‹m LY- X-VÙL C⁄d-

°-\-’.

R˚X- Uf £t©: ( LÙT-UÙ-L) C⁄d-œ-UPÙ C⁄d-œm.

Lh-”f ˙NÙfl Íh- Pd-œs G≠˚V ˚Yj-’d Lh-•-

V’ UÙߨ Ee-L-˚[-˘Vp-XÙm Ceœ ˙Y˚Xdœ

˚Yj-’d ˘LÙi- P˙] TÙo. G]dœ C’-‹m ˙Yi-

”m. Cu-]-ÿm ˙Yi-”m. £˚X ˘Nn-°- \u, £˚X

˘Nn-°- \u Gufl ˘NÙp≠, TÙÆ-L[Ù Cl-T• Gj-R˚]

Lt-L˚[ E˚Pj-’l TÙZ-•j-æo-Ls. ˘LÙj’ ˙Y˚Xdœ

RÙiPÙ øe-L- [p-XÙm CXÙ-Vd-œ... SÙu Gu-]-PÙ- Yu-

\Ùp ˙U˙X ©W-U-Wk-ß-Wd œØ˚V Í”-Y-Rtœ J⁄

˘TÙ⁄j-R-UÙ] Lp ALl-T-P-Æp-˚X˙V Gufl LY-

˚Xl-Th-”d ˘LÙi-•-⁄d-°- \u.

Li-Pu : A’-RÙ˙] TÙoj-˙Ru. R˚X-˚Uf

£t-©-VÙo ™œkR LY-˚X-˙VÙ” LÙQl-T-”-°-\Ù-˙W...

Gu] Æ`Vm H’ Æ`Vm Gufl ÆNÙ- dL ˙Yi-

”m Gufl Gi-¶d ˘LÙi-•-⁄k- Ru. C’YÙ Æ -

Vm? ˘Y´p Aß-L-UÙL Yflj- R-”d-°-\’ Cp- XVÙ?

9

Í˚[ ˙Y˚X ˘NnVÆp-˚X. A˙RÙ ˙UÙod-LÙWd

°ZÆ Yk-’-Æh-PÙs. ˘LÙg-Nm ˙UÙo YÙe-°d œ•j-’,

L˚[l˚T ˙TÙd-°V ©u J⁄ B˙XÙ-N˚] ˘NÙp-°-

˙\u ( °Z-Æ- Vl TÙoj’ ) YÙ, TÙh• Cl- TÙ’ Eu-

˚]jRÙu ®˚]j-’d ˘LÙi˙P C⁄k- RÙm. Yk-’-Æh-

PÙn E]dœ Ëfl YV-’.

°ZÆ : G]dœ G’dœ Ëfl YV—? CkR ˘RÙi-Êfl YV—

YÙrk-R˙R ˙TÙ’m. Cu-‡m ˘LÙgN SÙs C⁄k-RÙ.

CkR Dv-Y-Wu ˙LÙ´p œm-TÙ-©- -Lj- Rl TÙoj-’-

ÆPÛ” Li˚Q Í•]Ù A’-˙TÙ’m, A’-RÙu

Gu- ]ÙP B˚N. Ck-RÙe-LlTÙ ˙UÙo NÙl-©-”e-L.

(J⁄ œY˚[ ˙UÙo R⁄-°-\Ùs. A˚R YÙeL Li-Pu

AY-N-Wl-TP øXu R”j-’...)

R˚X-˚Uf £t©: TÙh-•...! Ge-L-fid-œf ˘Nn-V\ CkR ERÆ

C⁄d˙L C’dœ C˚QVÙ G˚R-Ÿ˙U ˘NÙpX ÿ•-VÙ-’...

˘Y´p ˙SWj-’X RÆfN YÙ´p £p-¤i‘ ˙UÙWÙ

Fjß GeL ˘Sg˚N œ∞W Yf-—-P-˙\. SÙeL ◊’j

˘Rm-◊X Et-NÙ-LUÙ ˘T¨V ˙LÙ´p E⁄-YÙd-°\ T¶X

D”-T-P- \Ùm. AkR ◊i-¶-Vm-XÙm E]d-œj-RÙu.

°ZÆ : Gu-]- UÙlTÙ ø NÙp- \... LdL U]-—dœ Gq-Y-[˙YÙ

Nk- RÙ- -UÙL C⁄d-œ. AkR Dv-Y-Wu U]-—X Gu]

C⁄d˙LÙ VÙ⁄d-œj R -Ÿm? AY-⁄-RÙu

˙NÙßd-LÙU VÙ˙WÙP Td-ß-V-‹m Hj-’dL

UÙh-PÙ- W...

R˚X- Uf £t©: Al-T-•p-XÙm ˘NÙp-XÙ˙R TÙh-•.

CWÙ-_-WÙ-_-˙NÙZ ULÙ-WÙ-_Ù-‹dœ AYeL

TÙh• ˘Nm-©-Vu UÙ˙R-Æ-VÙo Gq-Y-[‹

ENj-ß- VÙ, Aq-Y-[‹ ENjß ø Ge-L-fid-

œ, ø LÙ”jR UÙ Wd œ•jR œ∞okR Sg-

˙NÙP ˘NÙp- \u. Eu ˙T⁄ Æ[e-L\

UÙߨ CkRd ˙LÙ´pX HRÙ-Y’ ˘Nn-V-

‘m. B]Ù, Gu] ˘Nn-V-\-’u‡ ˘R -

V-X. ULÙ-WÙ-_Ù, ULÙ-WÙ-¶, Nm-©-Vu UÙ˙R-

Æ-VÙo, T›-˙Yh-P-˚W-Vo, Lk-Ru-UÙ-\u

Cu-‡m Aof-N-Lo, A˚Uf-No ˙N]Ùß-T-

ß- u‡ Gj-R˚]˙VÙ ˙To Gu- ]u]

˘TÙ⁄s-Ls ETÙ-VUÙ ˘LÙ”j-RÙe-Lu‡

Lp-˘Yh-”X ˙To G›ß ˚Yd-Ll

˙TÙ˙\Ùm. Eu- ]ÙP ˙T˚W SÙeL Gl-T-•l ˘TÙ±d-

°-\-’. Ge-L-fidœ ˙UÙo ˘LÙ”j’ ET-N- fN ÍRÙh-

NT-

421-

2-TA

MIL

-9-B

T

10

•u‡ Lp- Yh-•X G›-ß]Ù Sp-XÙ- -⁄d-LÙ˙R TÙh-•.

Ee-°hP ˙Y\ HRÙf-—m Sp-XRÙ J⁄ ˘TÙ⁄s C⁄kRÙ

˘LÙ”j- Ru]Ù R˚X˚U LQd-Lo-°hP ˘NÙp≠ YW‹

YfN ET-V-RÙ-Wo ˙T˙WÙ” Eu ˙T˚W-Ÿm G›-ßf ˙Nod-

Lf ˘NÙp-≠-P-XÙm.

°ZÆ : A˘Rp-XÙm G]dœ G’d-œeL IVÙ? ˙T⁄m ˘T⁄-

˚U-Ÿm Yk’ G]dœ Gu] BLl- TÙ-œ’? H˙RÙ CkR

H˚Zd °ZÆ Sp-X’ ˘Ng-NÙu‡ øeL SÙ¤ ˙T⁄

U]NÙX YÙrj-ß]Ù AkR NÙ™ LÙ’X A’ Æ›m.

Gp-XÙ-⁄d-œm T• A[d-LW AkR TW-U-£-Yu U]-—X

SUdœ J⁄ CPm °˚PfNÙ A’ ˙TÙ’m £t-©-VÙ˙W!

B]Ù, øeL NÙp-\ÙlX Ck-Rd LÙ -¤dœ E⁄l-T-•VÙ

HRÙf-—m J⁄ ˘TÙ⁄s Sm-UÙX ˘LÙ”dL ÿ•-V- Xe-L\

Y⁄j-Rm Gu U]-—-X-Ÿm C⁄d-œ. B]Ù Ge-°hP

Gu] C⁄dœ ˘LÙ”dL? Gu˙]ÙP K˚Xd œ•- NX

E⁄Æ G”dL J⁄ LØ·P ÿ›NÙ Cp- X. Gp-XÙm

Efij-’l ˙TÙf-—. YÙNl-T-•u‡ J⁄ L⁄e-Lp-RÙu

E⁄l-T-•VÙ C⁄d-œ, ˘LÙp-Xu ˘R⁄-‹X F£ Æd-Ll

˙TÙ] UÙß- . Ak-Rd LpX SÙu Ee-L-fidœd LÙ”j’

Gu] ©W-˙VÙ-_-]m? CeL Ee-L -fidœ Gu]

Lp-¤dLÙ Tg-Nm?

R˚X˚U £t©: ( Li-Ls T∞f-£-P, ÿLj-ßp U°rf£ TW-Y) TÙh-•...

TÙh-•, ø Gu] ˘NÙp-\... L⁄e-Lp-XÙ,,,? Eu ≈hX

C⁄dLÙ? Gq-Y-[‹ ø[m C⁄d-œm TÙh•?

°ZÆ : (CWi” ˚L˚V øh-•) Cq˙[Ù ˘T¨— C⁄d-œm

£t-©-VÙ- W... øeL ˙Ld-L-\R TÙj-R, Ak-Rd Lp¤ Ee-L-

fid-œj ˙R˚Yl-T-”m ˙TÙX C⁄d- L...

£t© : BUÙm TÙh-•.... LÙ◊-Wj-’ Ef-£X ©W-U-Wk-ß-Wd œØ˚V

ÍP J⁄ Lp¤ ˙Y‘m, CeL C⁄d-L\ Lp¤ Ji-‘m

A’dœ ˘TÙ⁄j-RUÙ Cp-X. CkR TNeL ˙Y\ ®˚\V

LpX ≈QÙ E˚Pf-—l ˙TÙh-”h-PÙe-L... ø Eu- ]ÙP

œ•˚N YÙNpX °Pd-°\ Ak-Rd LpX ˙LhPÙ

˘LÙ”l-©VÙ?

°ZÆ : A’ Gu-]eL IVÙ, Al-T-•f NÙp-≠h-ºeL Dv-Y-W-‡d-œd

˘LÙ”dL Ji-‘m Cp-≠- Vu‡ LY- Xl-Th- Pu,

ClT Gu- ]ÙP œ•- N- X °Pd°\ YÙN-t-T• ET- VÙ-

Ll-T-”-m]Ù G”j-’d-œe-L, ˘UÙRpX Yk’ TÙ⁄e-L,

˘TÙ⁄j-RUÙ C⁄d-LÙu-‡.

£t© : ( øXu, Li-Pu C⁄-Y- W-Ÿm TÙoj-’) Hn øXÙ, LiPÙ

øeL ˘Wi-”-˙T-⁄m SÙ¤ Bfi-L[ A˚Zf-—-°h”

CkRl TÙh-•- VÙP ˙TÙn AYeL œ•- NX °Pd-°\

11

Ak-Rd LpX G”j-’-d-°h” YÙe-L. _Ùd-°-W˚R. ∏˙Z

˙TÙh” EPf-—-Pl ˙TÙ»e-L.

( ˙TÙ°u-\-]o)

LÙh£ 2

( CWÙ-_-WÙ-_u L]-Æp £Y- T-⁄-UÙu ˙RÙu-fl-°-\Ùo)

£Yu : UL- ]...! CWÙ-_-WÙ-_Ù... „¨V œXj-’f NÙZo-L-∞u WÙ_-

ß-X-Lm ˙TÙu-\-Y˙]! ˘Nm-©-Vo œ•-´u £\l-TÙ]

˙RÙu-\˙X! G›k-ß-⁄... Kn‹ JØ-Æu-±, E˚Zd-°u\

Ej-R-U˙]! Æj-R-L˙]! ≈W˙]! Eu ÿu˙] Yk’ ®t-T’

VÙ˘Wufl ◊ -°-\-Rp-XYÙ E]dœ!

CWÙ-_-WÙ-_u: IV˙]! Gu] C’ Æk-˚R-VÙ] Æ]Ù? RÙŸm

Rk- R-Ÿ-UÙ] RVÙ-T-W]Ù] RÙe-Ls- Ck-Rf ˙N˚V Cl-

T-•VÙ ˙Lh-T’?

£Yu : ayaÙ! ( £Yu £¨l-◊) ˙NÙZ-œX Ej-R-U˙]! U°rf-£,

E\d-Lj-ß-¤m Gu ®˚]˚Y CZd-LÙR CR-Vm

Eu-‡- P-V-’.

CWÙ-_-WÙ-_u : TW-˙Uv-YWÙ! EXL SÙVLÙ! Au˙T Y•-YÙ]

Ai-Q˙X! Re-L-fid- Lufl SÙu Rh-£-Q- U⁄ Gufl

˙TÙt-\j-RdL BX-Vj˚R G›l-©-´-⁄d-°-˙\-˙]...

Li” L∞d°»oLs Ap-XYÙ?

£Yu : m.... m.... Li- PÙm.... Li- PÙm.....

CWÙ-_-WÙ-_u : (£±’ Y⁄k-ß) Li- Pu, L∞j- Ru Gufl ·fl-≈o-Ls

Gufl Gßo-TÙoj- Ru. IV˙]!

TÙo ◊L-›m Tp-XY UÙUu-]u CWÙ-_-£m-Uu LÙg-£l

Tß- ˙X Rh-£Q L -XÙ-Vm Gu-‡m ß⁄d- LÙ- - Xd

L⁄e-Lp-XÙ-¤m UQt-Lp-XÙ-¤m G›l-©-]Ùu. Ae-œm

·P Lt-\Ù- Xf —Yo-L-∞˙X —i-QÙm◊ —˚R-VÙ-XÙ]

£t-Te-L- [˙V A˚Uj-RÙu. Cu-fl-SÙs Y˚W YW-XÙfl

AkR BX-Vj- R˙V R™r ®Xj-ßu R˚XVÙV ß⁄d-

˙LÙ- p Gufl R˚X-¡’ Yj-’d ·j-RÙ-”-°-\-’. SÙ‡m

·P A˚R Ufld-LÆp˚X. B -‡m,

C≤ SÙ˚[V YW-XÙfl SÙ˘]-›l-©-Ÿs[ CkRj Rh-£-Q-

˙U-⁄˚Y ˛ Rg- Nl ˘T¨V ˙LÙ - Xj-RÙu ˙TÙt±

®t-œm. ◊Lrk-’- Wd-œm, Aßp Juflm IV-™p- X.

LÙW-Qm Ui-¶-≠-⁄k’ Æi˚Q ÿh-”m Lp-XÙp

B] ß⁄d- LÙ- p ˙Yfl Ge-œm Cp- X.

Tß-Íufl UÙPe-L-∞p ˙LÙ◊-Wm, J∞dœ ®Z-≠p˚X

Gu-TÙo-Ls, J∞-Y-•-Y-UÙ] Re-L-fid-LÙL SÙu G›l-

©-Ÿs[ Ck-Rd ˙LÙ◊-Wj-ßu ®Z-¤m, ∏˙Z Ge-œm ÆZ- Y

12

ÆZÙ-’. ®Zp ÆZÙR ˙LÙ◊-Wj-ßu Eh-◊-\j ß⁄f-—tfl

ÿ›d-Lj Re-L-∞u 108 ß⁄j-RÙi-PY £t-Te-Ls. U˙X

Ëfl VÙ˚] G˚P-Ÿs[ J˙W LpXÙXÙ] ÆUÙ]m.

ARu¡’ ÍYÙ´Wm ˘TÙu-]Ù-XÙ] ˘TÙt-L-X-Nm.

Cq-Y-[‹ £\l-TÙ] BX-Vm Re-L-fidœ U°r-Y-∞d-

°-\RÙ? Cp- XVÙ Gufl J⁄ YÙoj˚R G]dœ E˚Wd-

Ld·PÙRÙ? Li- Pu Gufl Jt- \f ˘NÙp Uh-”m-

RÙ]Ù ·\ ˙Yi-”m?

£Yu : y...-a...a....-aÙ....( £¨l-◊) ÿm-ÿ-•f- NÙZÙ ø G›l-© -⁄d-œm

Rh-£-Q- U-⁄-YÙ] BX-Vj˚Rd Li- Pu. L∞j- Ru.

Aßp ˙UÙod-LÙW Yk-ßd-°-ZÆ A∞jR ®Z-≠u ∏r

Nk- RÙ-N-UÙL C˚[l-TÙ-fl-°- \u... ˙TÙ’-UÙ... Cl- TÙ’

U°rf-£-RÙ˙]?

(a...-a...-aÙ....! £¨l-◊˛ C˚\-Yu U˚\V, L]‹ L˚XkR

AW-Nu ÆØd-°-\Ùu ÿLm ÿ›dL ÿj’ ÿj-RÙL

ÆVoj-’s-[-’)

CWÙ-_Ù-WÙ-_u: B! A˚]j-’m L]-‹, NÙh-NÙj TW- Uv-Y-Wu Gu-

ÿu ß⁄d- LÙ-Xm LÙh• ®u-\Ù˙W! L]- Yu˙\ SmT

ÿ•-V-Æp-˚X˙V!

( Al- TÙ’ WÙ¶ Y⁄-°-\Ùs)

WÙ¶ : ©W◊! Gu] C’ H’m L]‹ Li-ºo-L[Ù? Hu Cl-T•

˚YL- \l ˙TÙßp £p- X-‡m LÙt- \-Ÿm ¡± Re-Ls

ÿLm ... ÆVod-°-\’?

CWÙ-_-WÙ-_u : TVe-LW ˘NÙl-T-]m Cp˚X ˙RÆ! TW-˙Uv-YW

˘NÙl-T-]m, Li-‘-Rp LP-‹s Gu L]-Æp RÙu-±-]Ùo.

A’-‹m ˚YL- \d L]-‹.... Ei- U- u ©W-ß-T-≠l-TÙn

A˚U-Ÿm Gu-TÙo-Ls Cp- XVÙ?

WÙ¶ : Bm ©W◊! ( U°r-‹-Pu) Re-Ls L]-Æp C˚\-Yu

˙RÙu-±-]ÙWÙ? Gu] ·±-]Ùo?

CWÙ-_-WÙ-_u : ˘LÙg-Nm ˘TÙfl ˙RÆ! A˚Rd ·fl-°- \u. ( LL-

˚[j Rh-•) VÙWe- L...?( LÙY-Xu K• Yk’ œ≤k’

YQe-œ-°-\Ùu. ˙TÙn EP˙] BX-Vj-ß-≠-⁄d-œm Sm

R˚X- Uf £t-©-VÙ˚W A˚Zj’ YÙ......

( ˘Np-°-\Ùu...)

LÙh£ 3

( AWNu AW£ C⁄d-°-\Ùo-Ls, £t© Es˙[ Y⁄-°-

\Ùo)

£t© : YQd-Lm... AW-˙N... AY-N-W-UÙL A˚Zj’ YWf

£R\p

œÆkß⁄kR

L∞Ui¶p

˚L©˚Nk’,

L˚X´u Liß\k’

E⁄˘NnR œZk˚R,

œÁLXd L∞l©p

LÙpL∞p C\L˚Nj’

≈h•p ÷˚ZkRÙu.

13

˘NÙu-…o-Ls Gufl A±k’ K• Yk- Ru.

CWÙ-_-WÙ-_u: ( ™”d-LÙ-L) Bm; AY-N-W-UÙ-L-j-RÙu A˚Zj’ YWf-

˘NÙu- ]u R˚X- Uf £t-©-VÙ˙W! ˘T -ß-¤m ˘T -RÙ]

TWm-˘TÙ-⁄˚[ ©W-L-æv-Y-W-⁄dœ SÙu G›l-©-Ÿs[

At-◊R BX-Vj-ß-‡s SÙ]-±VÙ Yi-Qm Gu-]-

˘Yp-XÙ˙UÙ ®Lrk-’s-[-’, A˚R SÙu Cl- TÙ-RÙ-Y’

A±k’ ˘LÙi-PÙL ˙Yi-”m. AR-]Ùp RÙu EP˙]

Ee-L- [d ˚L˙VÙ” A˚Zj’ YWf ˘NÙu- ]u.

£t© : ( Aßof-£-Ÿ-Pu) AW˙N! RÙe-Ls Gu] ·fl-°-»o-Ls?

AWu BX-Vj˚R A˚Ul-T-ßp RÙe-Ls A±-VÙR

˘NVp ®Lrk-’s-[RÙ? G]dœ Ju-fl˙U ◊ -V-Æp- X- V...

SÙu H’m AT-NÙ-Wm C˚Zj’ Æh- P]Ù.....?

( LXe-œ-°-\Ùo)

CWÙ-_-WÙ-_u : AT-NÙ-WUÙ Cp- XVÙ Gu-T˚Rl ©u-]o TÙol- TÙm.

ÿR-≠p °ZÆ VÙo Gu-T’ Tt± ·fle-Ls, VÙWkR

˙UÙod-LÙW °ZÆ? SÙm G›l-◊-°\ AWu BX-Vj-ßp

AY-∞u Teœ Gu]?

( £t© ß”d-°h-”)

£t© : A... A’ Yk’ ... ˘T -RÙL Ju-fl-™p˚X AW˙N! ß]k -

˙RÙ-flm Sm £t-©-Ls ˘Y´p ˙Y˚[-´p SÙY-\h-

£-VÙp RÆd-œm ˙TÙ’ Ak-Rd °ZÆ Yk’ ˙UÙo

˘LÙ”l-TÙs. Aq-Y-[-‹-RÙu GRt-LÙ-Ld ˙Lh-°-»o-Ls?

AW-Nu : Gu-]... £t-©-L-fidœ ˙UÙo A∞j’ ET-N- l-TÙ-[Ù...?

ß]-ÿm ˘Y´p ˙Y˚[- p... SÙ Y\h-£-VÙp RÆd-œm

˙TÙ’ m... N¨... ©\œ ˙Y˘\u] ˘Nn-RÙs AYs?

BX-Vj-ß-‡s AYs HRÙ-Y’ UWm Y[oj-’s-[Ù[Ù?

øe-Ls A˚]-Y-⁄m Aßp-RÙu TLp-˙Y-˚[-´p˛

˘Y´p ˘LÙ”˚U RÙ[Ù-Up C˚[l-TÙ-fl-°-»o-L[Ù?

( ◊¨k’˘LÙs[ ÿ•-VÙR RÆl-◊)

£t© : UWUÙ? °ZÆ Y[oj-RÙ[Ù? Al-T• G’-‹m Cp-

˚X-˙V...? Uu-]o-©-WÙu Gu] ·fl-°-»o-Ls Gu˙\

G]d-œl ◊¨-Æ-V-Æp-˚X-˙V... VÙ˙WÙ G’˙YÙ

˙Yi-”- Uu˙\ Ak-Rd °ZÆ Tt± Re-L-∞-Pm

RY-\Ù-Ld ·±-´-⁄d-°-\Ùo-Ls Gi-˘\i-‘-°- \u

˙Yk˙R!

AW-Nu : VÙ˙WÙ, GY˙WÙ, ApX £t-©-VÙ˙W! VÙ⁄d-LÙ-L SÙm T -

ß-‡m ˘T -RÙ], A¨ß-‡m A -RÙ-]˛ AZ-°V BX-

Vm G›l-©-Ÿs- [Ù˙UÙ AkR AW-]Ù˙W Gu L]-

Æp ˙RÙu-±d ·±-]Ùo, BX-Vj-ßp AkR ˙UÙod-LÙ-

Wd °ZÆ A∞jR ®Z-≠p AWu —L-UÙL C˚[l-TÙ-fl-

°-\Ù-WÙm, BX-Vj˚R A⁄m-TÙ-”-Th” G›l© C⁄l-

ÿ• Htœm

Uu]u ÿLj˙RÙ”

Gߨp YkR

Rk˚R˚Vj R›Æ]Ùu.

L∞Ui¶u L˚\Ls

AlTÙÆu

˘YfijR Nh˚P´p,

˘Y•jR ˙LÙTjßp

£˚RkR’

£flY≤u £tTm Uh”UÙ?

˛ L.˚Y. TZ≤NÙ™

14

T’ SÙu. B]Ùp £Y- T-⁄-UÙ-≤u ß⁄-YÙd-LÙp ˘T⁄-

˚U˙VÙ AkRd °Z-Ædœ Gl-T-•- -⁄d-°-\’ TÙoj-æ-WÙ...

AYs Gu] ®Zp A∞j-RÙs Gl-T• A∞j-RÙs? Ge˙L

C⁄d-°-\’ AkR At-◊R ®Zp... ? C˚R SÙu EP˙]

˘R¨k-’- LÙs[ ˙Yi-”m. øe-Ls ·fl-°\ Æ[d-Lm Ju-

flm ◊¨V Yl-T-RÙL Cp- X˙V? UÙo LÙ”j-RÙs... N ...

®Zp Gl-T• Yk-R’?

£t© : ( S”e-°-V-T-•) RÙe-Ls Uu-≤l-T-RÙL C⁄k-RÙp Ko Ei-

˚U- Vd ·\ Æ⁄m-◊-°- \u Uu]Ù!

AW-Nu : £t-©-VÙ˙W! RÙe-Ls GRt-œm AgN ˙Yi-PÙm... Ei-

˚U˚V Uh-”m ·fle-Ls... Gu] SPk-R’?

£t© : Uu-]o Uu-]Ù...! Ak-Rd °ZÆ ß]-ÿm ˘Y´p ˙Y˚[-

´p Ge-L-fid- Lp-XÙm CX-Y-N-UÙL UÙo LÙ”j’ RÙLm

R¶j’ ER-Æ-]Ùs. ©Wß ET-LÙ-W-UÙn AY-fidœ HRÙ-

Y’ ERÆ ˘NnV Æ⁄m-©- ]Ùm. ™œkR £Y-Td- R-VÙ]

AY-fidœ SÙm Ck-Rd LÙ -≠p Sm TVo Æ[e-œ-Y’

˙TÙp ˘T -RÙL Gk-Rl ˘TÙ⁄-fim ˘LÙ”j’ ERY ÿ•-V-

Æp- X˙V Gufl Y⁄j-Rm C⁄k-R-’. CkR ®˚X- p T⁄-

‹- P-VÙo ˙LÙ´p ˙LÙ◊-Wj-ßu Ef£- p Es[ ©W-U-Wk-

ßWd œØ˚V ÍPl TÙ⁄j-R-UÙ] Lp Jufl R˚Yl-Th-

P-’. Geœ R•-Ÿm TÙ⁄j-R-UÙL G’-‹m A˚U-V-Æp- X.

ASÛR ˙UÙod-LÙ-Wd °Z-Æ- u œ•˚N YÙN-≠p T•-VÙ-Ld

°PkR J⁄ Lp Ej-RU _Ùßd Lp-XÙ-L-‹m, ˘TÙ⁄j-R-UÙ-L-

‹m A˚Uk-R’. AR-]Ùp A˚Rj R⁄m-T• AY-∞-Pm

˙Lh- PÙm. AY-fim U]-ÿ-Yk’ A∞j-RÙs. Cl- TÙ’

˙LÙ◊W Ef-£- p ©W-U-Wk-ß-Wj-ßp C⁄d-œm Lp AYs

A∞jR Ak-Rd Lp-RÙ-u, ˙Yfl ©˚Z G’-‹m SÙe-Ls

˘Nn-V-Æp- X. RÙe-Ls B˚Q- h-PÙp Ak-Rd Lp˚X

Cl- TÙ˙R ALt±Æ”-°- \Ùm.

AW-Nu : K...! ·PÙ’ £t-©-VÙ˙W! ·PÙ-’. Al-T• G’-‹m Nn’ÆPÙ-

æo-Ls, Cl- TÙ’ ◊ -°-\-’... C˚\-V-]Ù- u TÙWÙh” UÙØdœ

Æ[d-Lm.

˘T¨V ˙LÙ´˚X SÙu G›l-©- -⁄k-RÙ-¤m ˙LÙ◊W Ef£-

´p C⁄l-T’ AkR ÍRÙh• A∞jR Lp. ˘NÙp-Xl- TÙ-

]Ùp Ak-Rd Lp- Xj RÙe-°˙V SÙm A˚UjR ˙LÙ◊-Wm

®t-°-\-’. A’-‹m Gl- Tol-ThP CPj-ßp ©W-UWk-ß-Wj-ßp!

K! ULj-RÙ] At-◊-Rm. Sm BXV ˙LÙ◊-Wm vÁX N√-Wj-

ßu ©W-ß-©m-Tm.

SU’ ˙LÙ◊W Ef-£- p Es[ ©W-UWk-ß-Wm AkR ÍRÙh•

A∞jR Lp-XÙp ÍPl-Th-•-⁄d-°-\’ G≤p, ARu ®Z-

≠p C˚[l-TÙ-fl-Y-RÙL Sm DNu ·±-V’ ÿt-±-¤m Ei-

˚U-RÙu.

15

®Z˙X ÆZÙR LÙ◊-Wj˚R A˚Uj’Æh-P-RÙL SÙu T⁄-

™-Rm T£ ®u- \u. B]Ùp C˚\-V-]Ù˙WÙ Ak-Rd LÙ◊-

Wj-ß-‡s Ko H˚Z ÍRÙh-•- u Au◊ ®Z-≠p C˚[l-

TÙ-fl-Y-RÙLd ·± Gu Ag-OÙ] C⁄˚[ ALt±Æh-

PÙo. AYs ˘T⁄- U˙V ˘T⁄- U.

VÙWe- L...! EP˙] Th-Pj’ VÙ˚]˚V ÿL-T-PÙm Èh•

AXe-L- j’ ®flj-’e-Ls. Aßp ÍRÙh-•˚V Ht± SLo-

Y-Xm ˘LÙi” Yk’ ˘T⁄- Ul-T-”jR ˙Yi-”m.

(C˚R Al-T-•˙V LÙh-£-VÙL Sm U]d Li-L-[Ùp LÙ‘m

˙TÙ’ Gq-Y-[‹ TW-Y-N-UÙL C⁄d-°-\-’. TÙ⁄e-Ls!)

˘L¸RU øXÙm-T-Wu

˘L¸RU øXÙm-T-Wu ( CVt- T-Vo L. ˚LXÙ-N-SÙ-Ru) ©\l◊ _¯u 1948. CYo æTm, CR-

Vm ˙T—-°-\-’, OÙ]-È-™, B]kRÆL-Pu ˙TÙu\ Tp- Yfl CRr-L-∞p T¶-VÙt-±-Ÿs-

[Ùo. YW-XÙt-fll ◊ß] G›j-RÙ-[o, 20 d-œm Ut-ThP Ëp-L˚[ G›-ß-Ÿs-[Ùo, ClTœß

"˘L¸RU øXÙmTWu SÙPLeLs' Gu\ ˘RÙœl©≠⁄k’ G”dLlThP’. R™r-UÙ-U¶

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16

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17

Cuflm R™ZLjßu TX TœßL∞p Es[].

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˘LÙs[ ˙Yi-”m Gufl CWÆ-YoUÙ Æ⁄-m-©-]Ùo.

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Ÿm ÿ˚\- V-Ÿm Ej-ß-L- [-Ÿm A⁄-°p C⁄k’ LY-

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UÙ-Ú- - X˙V Re° ®˚\V KÆ-Ve-L- [l T˚Pj-RÙo.

◊Lr- Tt\ KÆ-Ve-Ls

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Y˚Wk’ EX-Ll-◊-Lr- Tt-\Ùo. SYm-To 24 / 2002 Cp

NT-

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18

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YÙr-Æu ˘T⁄m-T-œ-ß˚V AYo ÿm- T- p LØj-RÙo.

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Cp AY-W’ Af-N-Lj-ßp ÿRp ©Wß KÆ-VUÙ] RU-

Vkß Au-]l-Th£ŸPu E˚W-VÙ-”m KÆ-Vm Af-£-

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UÙt-±-]Ùo. 1906 Cp RU’ 58 Y’ YV-ßp AYo C˚\-

Y-]• ˙Nok-RÙo.

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T j U S Ù T ◊ W m

A W i U ˚ ]

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19

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20

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21

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22

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C’ J⁄ UdLs L˚X.

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TÙQo' Gu˙\ A˚Zj’d ˘LÙs°u\]o.

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23

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24

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UdLs YZeœYo.

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25

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26

Íe°p LÙtfl

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27

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˙R˚YLfidœ ER‹TYoLs Gu‡m GiQj˚R UdL∞u

U]jßp Æ˚Rj’, AYoL∞Pm S•LoL˚[l Tt±d LÙQlThP

RÙrYÙ] A©l©WÙVj˚R UÙt±VYo.

YX’˚L ˘LÙ”lT’ CP’ ˚Ldœj ˘R¨Vd·PÙ’ Gu°\

˘LÙs˚L´uT•, Æ[mTWm CpXÙUp AYWÙp ERÆ˘Ttfl

YÙrd˚L´p ÿu‡dœ YkR L˚XOoLs TXo Ei”. Yfl˚U´p

C⁄kR TX G›jRÙ[oLs, ◊Lr Uh”m C⁄k’ AqY[YÙL

TQYNß CpXÙR £X NÍL, AW£Vp R˚XYoLs Utflm YflTX

’˚\˚Vf ˙NokRYoLfidœm AqYl˙TÙ’ TQ ERÆ ˘Nn’

Ykß⁄d°\Ùo. RÙPe° YdL A˚ZdLlT”m GkR ÆZÙ‹dœm

Cu˚\VLÙX S•L, S•˚LVo ˙TÙX ARtœm J⁄ NmT[m

YÙeLÙUp CXYNUÙL, ÿLg—∞dLÙUp ˘Nufl A˚ZjRYo

L˚[ U°rÆlTÙo.

AlT•jRÙu J⁄ÿ˚\ ß⁄f£´p J⁄ _hLÙ Yi• ®˚XVj˚R

˘RÙPe° ˚YjRÙo.

(œß˚W Yi•´p Hflm) Gp˙XÙ⁄m ÿu‡dœ YW ˙Yi”m

Gufl Æ⁄m◊TYoLs œß˚W Yi•dLÙWoLs' Gufl ·±d œß˚W

Yi•dLÙWoL˚[ U°rf£´p ß˚[dL ˚YjRÙo.

°kR]Ùo LÙXh˙NTm, ImT’m AflT’m, ULÙjUÙ LÙkß YWXÙfl,

Æp¤lTÙh” B°V TX —T®Lrf£L∞u ÍXm XhNdLQdLÙ]

28

Ne∏Rm!

LP˚X ¡±V SßLs

Ne∏Rm!

C˚N˙V!

GpXÙ ˘Sg—dœsfim

÷˚Zk’Y⁄m

Æj˚R˚V Geœ Lt\Ùn?

ø Gu] LP‹[Ù?

LÙt±p ˛ C⁄m©p

Á¶p ˛ ’⁄m©p

LP≠p ˛ L¶≤´p

GpXÙYt±¤˙U Es[Ù˙V.

©\dœm ˙TÙ’

RÙXÙhPÙn Y⁄°\Ùn.

Æ›m˙TÙ’

Rj’YUÙn Y⁄°\Ùn.

A›m˙TÙ’

BflRXÙn Y⁄°\Ùn.

C\l©p·P

UVÙ]mY˚W Y⁄°\Ùn.

GeLs ˘NÆdœs

˙Ru N˚Ud°\Ùn.

ÏTÙn ®ßßWh• ARu ÍXm TX Lp̨Ls, Ts∞Ls E⁄YÙL

ERÆ C⁄d°\Ùo.

˙Ut·±V ˙N˚Ydœ ®ß ßWhP ERÆV’Pu, R]’ TeL∞lTÙL

Su˘LÙ˚PŸm ˘LÙ”jRYo L˚XYÙQo.

LÙXg˘Nu\ A±Oo AiQÙ‹dœm L˚XYÙQ⁄dœm

˘S⁄e°V Sh◊ C⁄kR’. A˚Rl˙TÙX˙Y L˚XOo AYoLfim

L˚XYÙQ¨Pm ™œkR Ußl◊m, Sh◊m ˚Yjß⁄kRYo.

CkßVÙÆ˙X˙V ÿRu ÿ˚\VÙL J⁄ ß˚WlTP S•L⁄dœ

E⁄Yf£˚X ˚YdLlThP ˘T⁄˚U L˚XYÙQ⁄dœf ˙N⁄°\’.

1966Bm Bi” A±Oo AiQÙ AYoL[Ùp ß\k’ YdLlThP

AkR E⁄Yf£˚X ®Lrf£RÙu AiQÙ U˚\YRtœÿu

L˚P£VÙLd LXk’˘LÙiP ˘TÙ’ ®Lrf£. A±Oo AiQÙYÙp

L˚XYÙQ⁄d˘Lu˙\ G›RlThP ß˚WlTPmRÙu "SpXRm©'.

SpXRm©´p L˚XYÙQ¨u TeL∞l◊m Aßp ·\lTh”s[

◊Wh£LWUÙ] L⁄j’Lfim œ±l-©-PjRd-L- Y.

C≤ L˚XYÙQo AYoL∞u YÙrd˚L YWXÙt˚\Ÿm AYo

˘NnR NÙR˚]L˚[Ÿm AYo A˚PkR ˙YR˚]L˚[Ÿm

TÙol˙TÙm.

SÙLo˙LÙ´p A⁄˙L Es[ "J›°]˙N¨' G‡m £tÒ¨p 1908˛Bm

Bi” SYmTo 29˛Bm ˙Rß ©\kRÙo. Rk˚R —P˚Xÿj’

©s˚[, RÙn CNd° AmUÙs. Rk˚R RTÙp Rkß A¤YXLjßp

˙Y˚X ˘Nn’ YkRÙo. œ”mTjßtœ AYW’ Y⁄UÙ]m

˙TÙRÆp˚X.

°⁄xQ≤u T•l◊ SÙuLÙY’ Y˚W Uh”˙U. T•l˚T ®fljß

Æh”d œ”mTjßtœl TQERÆ ˘NnV ®˚]jRÙo. A⁄°p

Es[ ˙NÙPÙ LXo Ætœm L˚P´p ˙Y˚X TÙoj’ YkRÙo.

ÆZÙdLÙXeL∞p ≈h•˙X˙V ß˚Wf∫˚X Lh• "A¨fNkßWu',

"UÙoLi˙PVu' TÙu\ SÙPLeL˚[ CRW —h•L˙[Ù” S•jRÙo.

≈hP⁄°p J⁄ SÙPLd ˘LÙhP˚L. SÙPLm S˚P˘Tflm

ß]eL∞p Aeœ ˙NÙPÙ ˛ LXo ÆtL YÙnl◊ °˚PjR’Pu,

SÙPLjßp TÙPlT”m TÙPpL˚[Ÿm ˙TNlT”m

YN]eL˚[Ÿm ß⁄mTj ß⁄mTd ˙Lhœm YÙnl◊m

AY⁄dœd °˚PjR’. AkRd LÙXjßp ˚Ud °˚PVÙ’.

SÙPLj˚Rj ß⁄mTj ß⁄mTl TÙojR AYo, CkR CPjßp ClT•

S•jß⁄dLXÙ˙U, ClT•l˙T£ ·hPj˚Rf £¨dL

˚Yjß⁄dLXÙ˙U Gu˘\pXÙm £k-ßj-R -’i”. AYW’

£kR˚]´p ˙RÙu±V GiQeL˘[pXÙm AYW’ LmlÎhPo

Í˚[´p TßYÙ°l TX LÙXm C⁄kR]. Ru‡˚PV

L⁄j’L˚[ Y∞lT”jR YÙnl◊d °˚PjR˙TÙ’ TVuThP].

°⁄xQ‡dœ YV’ 17 B]˙TÙ’, 1925˛Bm Bi” UÙof

UÙRm •.˙L.Gv. N˙LÙRWoL[Ùp ß⁄Y]kR◊Wjßp

˘RÙPeLlThP cTÙX `iÿLÙ]kR NTÙÆp S•LWÙLf

29

˙NokRÙo. ◊ßRÙLf ˙NokR ˚TVuLfidœ SÙPLjßp

TÙPlT”m TÙPpL˚[f ˘NÙp≠d ˘LÙ”dœm ˘TÙfll◊

•.˙L.NiÿLjßPm ˘LÙ”dLlTh•⁄kR’. AYo

AYoLfidœ Ju±Wi”ÿ˚\ ˘NÙp≠d ˘LÙ”j’Æh”j

RiΩo œ•dL ˘Y∞˙V ˘Nufl ß⁄m© Yk’ TÙojR˙TÙ’,

CRW ˚TVuLfidœd °⁄xQu RYfl CpXÙUp N¨VÙ]

WÙLj’Pu, RÙ[j’Pu J⁄ TÙPp ˘NÙp≠d

˘LÙ”j’d˘LÙi•⁄kRÙo. °⁄xQ]Ùp GlT• A˚Rf

˘NnV ÿ•kR’? •.˙L.NiÿLm BfN¨VlThPÙo. ""SÙPLd

˘LÙhP˚L´p ˙NÙPÙ ˛ LXo Ætfld ˘LÙi•⁄kR ˙TÙ’

SÙu HtL]˙Y TXÿ˚\d ˙LhP TÙPpRÙu A’'' Gufl

°⁄xQu •. L.NiÿLjßPm ·± AYW’ BfN¨Vj˚Rl

˙TÙd°]Ùo. Gu.Gv.°⁄xQu ÿRuÿRXÙL S•jR’

NjßVYÙu NÙÆjߨ SÙPLjßp, NÙÆjߨ´u Rk˚RVÙ°V

’ŸUj˙N]u ˙YPjßp. A˚Rj ˘RÙPok’ ˙LÙYXu

SÙPLjßp TÙi•V Uu]u. ©\œ U˙]ÙLWÙ SÙPLjßp

YNkRu ˙YPm. SÙPLjßp S•j’d ˘LÙi•⁄kR˙TÙ’

"N߃XÙYß' Gu‡m ß˚WlTPjßp S•dL YÙnl◊d

°˚PjR’. Gv.Gv.YÙNu G›ßV’. Gm¥VÙ⁄dœm

ÿRpTPm C’RÙu.

"N߃XÙYß' TPl©•l◊ SPk’d˘LÙi•⁄dœm˙TÙ˙R

•.˙L.Gv. œ›Æ]o SPjßd˘LÙi•⁄kR "˙U]LÙ' SÙPLÿm

ß˚WlTPUÙL G”dL ÿ•‹ ˘NnVlTh”l T¶Ls

˘RÙPeLlThP].

SÙPLjßp NÙUÙ AnVWÙL S•jR Gu.Gv.°⁄xQ˙] ß˚WlTPjߤm

A˙R ˙YPjßp S•jRÙo. œ¤eLd œ¤eL UdL˚[ U]mÆh”f

£¨dL NnRÙo. Gu.Gv.°⁄xQu S•dLj RÙPe°V CWiPÙY’

TPm "˙U]LÙ'. B]Ùp A’RÙu ÿR≠p ˘Y∞VÙ]’. " U]LÙ'

ß˚WlTPjßp Gu.Gv.°⁄xQu S•jR˙RÙ” Uh”UpXÙUp

"LUX˙Y¶ LÙ¨˚LŸ˚]', "◊i¶V YNjRÙ˙X' B°V CWi”

TÙPpL˚[Ÿm AkRl TPjßp TÙ•]Ùo Gufl A±°˙\Ùm.

N߃XÙYß TPjßtLÙLj Ru˚] RVÙ¨lTÙ[oLs ˙Rok˘R”jR

˙TÙ’, Al˙TÙ’ LÙQlThP LRÙTÙjßWjßp Ru‡˚PV

ß\˚U˚V ˘Y∞lT”jR ÿ•VÙ’ Gufl L⁄ß, RÙ˙] R]d˘L]

J⁄ YPj˚R E⁄YÙd°, ARt˘L] J⁄ LÙR≠˚VŸm E⁄YÙd°,

"LÙ™ NjVTÙUÙ LR˚Yj ß\YÙn' Gu°\ TÙP˚XŸm E⁄YÙd°,

˚PWdP˚WŸm, RVÙ¨lTÙ[˚WŸm AYt˚\ Htfld˘LÙs[

˚YjRÙo Guflm ·\lT”°\’. A’ ÿRp AYo S•jR TPeL∞p

Y⁄m S˚Lf—˚Yd LÙh£L˚[ AY˙W LtT˚] ˘Nn’

E⁄YÙdœm TZdLm LÙQlThP’. Gu.Gv.°⁄xQu S˚Lf—˚Y

Th•˘RÙh•L∞˘XpXÙm ©WTXUÙ°V’. R™rSÙ” A’Y˚Wd

Li•WÙR J⁄ S˚Lf—˚Yd L˚XO˚W A˚PVÙ[m Li”d˘LÙi”

BWÙßdLj RÙPe°V’. AY⁄˚PV AlTÙÆjR]UÙ] RÙt\ÿm,

ÆØdœm JjRPm

˘LÙ”d°\Ùn.

CRVjßtœs

ßVÙ]m SPj’°\Ùn.

ø GeLs

Es˙[ ÷˚Z˚L´p

A˚X LP˘X]

ÆØLPp YØ°\’.

A˚XL∞u NlRm

¡uLfidœ C˚N.

U˚ZL∞u NlRm

EZY‡dœ C˚N.

’˚[ThP œZ¤dœ

C˚N L∞m◊ RP‹°\’.

Y≠ThP EPm©p

C˚N U⁄k’ RP‹°\’.

C˚N˙V!

ø Y⁄m ˙TÙ’

ÆØ LPLP˘Y]

˚L Rh”°\’.

CRVm

TPTP ˘Y]

RÙ[m Rh”°\’.

˛ ˚YWRWu

30

º˙V U’-Wm

J⁄-ÿ˚\ Si-To J⁄-Y-¨u ˙Yi-”-˙LÙ-

fidœ CQe° AY-W’ ≈h-”d-œf ˘Nu-

\Ù-WÙm L˚X-YÙ-Qo Gu. Gv. ˙L. £±’

˙SW E˚W-VÙ-P-¤d-œl-©u Si-To L˚X-YÙ-

Q-˚Wl TÙoj’, AnVÙ Re-Lfidœ º

˙Yi-”UÙ? LÙl© Yi-”UÙ? Gufl Lh-

PÙ-WÙm. Nt-flm £k-ßd-LÙ-Up º˙V U’-Wm

Gu-\Ù-WÙm L˚X-YÙ-Qo. C˚Rd- Lh” Ae-

°-⁄k-R-Yo-Ls £¨jR £¨l◊ APeLf £X

®™-Pe-Ls B°-Æh-P-RÙm. LÙW-Qm L˚X-

YÙ-Q-¨u U˚]-Æ-´u ˘TVo •. H. U’-

Wm. L˚XYÙQo L˚Xj -’-˚\-´p Uh-”-

UpX ®_ YÙrd-˚L-´¤m S˚Lf-—˚Y

EQo‹ ™d-L-Y-WÙL YÙrk-RÙo Gu-T-Rtœ

˙Yfl Gu] NÙufl ˙Yi-”m?

LÙh£dœj RœkRT• Ht\m C\dLj˙RÙ” ˙T—m ß\˚UŸm J⁄

£X YN]eL˚[ EfN¨dœm ÆRÿm, ˘TÙ’ CPeL∞p £¨lT’

˘L¸WYd œ˚\fNp Gufl ®˚]j’d˘LÙi•⁄kR ˙Uh”dœ•

UdL˚[Ÿm YÙnÆh”f £¨dL ˚YjR’.

A’Y W U˚XSÙh” S˚Lf—˚Y S•LoL˚[˙V ◊Lrk’˘LÙi•⁄kR

YoLfim, Sm SÙh•¤m (R™rSÙh•p) A’˙TÙu\ ß\˚UNÙ≠VÙ]

S˚Lf—˚Y S•Lo J⁄Yo E⁄YÙ° Y⁄°\Ùo GuT˚R ÿR≠p

Htfld˘LÙs[ UfljRÙ¤m, ˘RÙPok’ Gu.Gv.°⁄xQu S•jR

TPeL˚[l TÙoj’ Gu.Gv.°⁄xQu J⁄ £\kR S˚Lf—˚Y

S•Lo GuTßp Nk˙RL˙U Cp˚X˘Vufl Htfld˘LÙi”,

AY˚Wl TÙWÙhPj ˘RÙPe°]ÙoLs. CkRd LÙXLhPjßp (1935)

•.H.U’Wÿm AY⁄Pu ˙Nok’ S•dLj ˘RÙPe°]Ùo. C⁄Y⁄m

˙Nok’ S•dLj RÙPe°V’ ÿRp Gu.Gv.°⁄xQ≤u TPeLs

˙U¤m W£Lo ·hPj˚R DojR].

Gu.Gv.°⁄xQu S•jR ß˚WlTPeLs A”jR”j’ Y∞YWj

˘RÙPe°]. "Am©LÙTß' (1937), "ß⁄øXLiPo' (1939), "EjRU◊jßWu'

(1940), "NœkR˚X' (1940), "A˙NÙdœUÙo' (1941), "B¨VUÙXÙ' (1941),

"LiQ°' (1942), "£YLÆ' (1943), "UeLmUÙ NTRm' (1943), "a¨RÙv' (1944)

˙TÙu\ TX TPeL∞p Gu.Gv.°⁄xQu S•j’ ˙U¤m ˙U¤m

◊Lr˘Tt\Ùo.

UdL∞Pm NÙß ˘Y±˚Vj Ái”TYoL˚[ Gßoj’l TX

TPeL∞p RÙu S•jR LRÙTÙjßWeLs ÍXm, S˚Lf—˚Yd LÙh£Ls

ÍXm UdL∞˚P˙V ÆØl◊Qo˚Y HtT”jß]Ùo L˚XYÙQo.

1941˛Bm Bi•p ˘Y∞VÙ] N¨jßWm T˚PjR TPUÙ]

"NkßW˙XLÙ' TPjߤm S•jRÙo L˚XYÙQo.

1951˛Bm Bi•p ˙NÙÆVj AW— A˚Zl©u ˙T¨p

CVdœSo —l©WU¶Vjßu R˚X˚U´p

Gu.Gv.°⁄xQu, •.H.U’Wm Utflm £X ˘Ru≤kßV, YP

CkßVd L˚XOoLfim WμVÙ ˘Nu\ÙoLs. CkßVd

L˚XOoLs Jq˘YÙ⁄Y⁄m RjRm TÙ¶´p WxV UdL˚[

U°rÆjRÙoLs.

1951˛Bm Bi•p L˚XYÙQo RVÙ¨jR "UQULs' TPm

˘Y∞YkR’. ¡i”m 1952˛Bm Y⁄Pjßp "TQm' Gu‡m

TPj˚Rj RVÙ¨jRÙo. L˚XOo L˚R YN]m G›ß]Ùo.

£YÙ¥, Gv.Gv. WÙ˙_kßWu, Æ.˙L.WÙUNÙ™ B°˙VÙo

S•jß⁄kR]o. ClTPjßtœ ÿRuÿ˚\VÙL ÆvYSÙRu

WÙUÍojß C˚N A˚Ujß⁄kR]o. (©tLÙXjßp ™L‹m

˘Yt±˘Tt\ C˚N A˚UlTÙ[oL[ÙL Æ[e°V

ÆvYSÙRu ˛ WÙUÍojß˚Vj ß˚W EX°p A±ÿLlT”jßV

˘T⁄˚U L XYÙQo AYoL [˙V ˙N⁄°\’).

ARtœl ©\œ L˚XYÙQo, "U’˚W ≈Wu', "VÙo ˚TVu',

"ReLlT’˚U', "WÙ_Ù ˙R£eœ', "AW£[eœU¨' ˙TÙu\ TX

31

LUXSÙRu

ß⁄Y]kR◊Wj R™ZWÙ] CYW’ CVt˘TVo CW≈kßWu. CYo Æi˘Y∞ BWÙnf£j

’˚\´p ˙Y˚X TÙojRÙo. J⁄ —tflXÙl ©¨Vo. CUVm ÿRp œU¨Y˚W —t±VYo.

L˚Xdœ”mTjßp ©\kR CYW’ ˙LW[j’d ˙LÙÆp L˚XLs Gu\ Ëp

œ±l©PjRdL’. Tdßd Lh”˚WLs, TVQd Lh”˚WLs, £flL˚RLs Gufl TXÆRUÙ]

T˚Pl◊L˚[l ©WTX Tjߨ˚LL∞p ˘RÙPok’ G›ß YkRYo.

˘NVpTÙ”Ls

L˚X-YÙ-Qo Gu.-Gv. °⁄x-Q- ]l ˙TÙX £¨l-◊-X-°u Nd-L-W-YojßVÙ]

NÙo-≠-NÙl-∞u Tt±f £fl œ±l◊ G›-’e-Ls.

Cu˚\V NÍLf ∫WØ‹L˚[ AeLRf—˚YŸPu S•j’dLÙh”eLs.

Æp-¤l-TÙh˚Pl Tt-±V RL-Yp-L- [j ßWh• TPd-LÙh-£-L-fi-Pu Jl-T- Pl◊

RVÙ- -Ÿe-Ls.

L˚X˚V Y[od-L-‹m, TÙ’-LÙd-L-‹m ˙Ut- LÙs[ ˙Yi-•V LP- U-L˚[

EQok’ L˚X-Uu-\j-ßp E˚W-VÙtflY-Rt-LÙ] ˘NÙt- TÙ-Ø‹ Jufl RVÙ- -

Ÿe-Ls.

"ß˚W-Ÿ-X-°p L˚X-YÙ-Q- u Teœ' Gu-‡m R˚Xl-©p L⁄j-R-WeLd Lh-”˚W

RVÙo Nn-Ÿe-Ls.

TPeL∞p S•jRÙo.

L˚XYÙQo, UdLs ReLs ß]N¨ YÙrd˚L´p Nkßdœm

’VWeL˚[Ÿm ’uTeL˚[Ÿm U\dLf ˘Nn’, AYoL˚[

YÙnÆh”f £¨dLf NnRYo Uh”UpXo, £kßdL YjRY⁄UÙYÙo.

NÿRÙVjßp ◊˚W˙VÙ•l ˙TÙ´⁄kR NÙߢY±˚V, ˘TÙ⁄[ÙRÙW

Ht\jRÙr˚Y Gßoj’l ˙TÙWÙP NÙj≈LUÙ] ÿ˚\´p ˛ ™L‹m

ÆjßVÙNUÙ] ÿ˚\´p ˛ Ru‡˚PV S˚Lf—˚YVÙ] S•l©u

ÍXm £\kR L⁄j’L˚[ Y∞lT”jßVRu ÍXm UdL∞˚P˙V

J⁄ ÆØl◊Qo˚Y HtT”jßVYo L˚XYÙQo. Cl˙TolThP

UÙ˘T⁄m L˚XOu 30˛08˛1957 Aufl Cq‹X˚L Æh”l©¨k’

AUWo B]Ùo.

LUXSÙRu

32

L˚X-Ou

Cufl Gl-T-•-Ÿm AY-≤-Pm ˙T£˙V æW- Yi-”- Uu\ J⁄-

ÆR YWÙd-°V £j-Rj-’-Pu ·h-Pj-ß-≠⁄k’ Ntfl ÆX° ®ufl LÙi-

•-⁄k- Ru. Es-fid-œs ◊˚L-Íh-P-UÙn AYu-¡’ LÙTm... ◊≤-R-UÙ]

L˚X˚V Cl-T• A®-VÙ-V-UÙn...

Tv ®˚X-Vj-ßp YÙL-]e-L-∞u Nk-R-•...

U≤-Ro-L-∞u NX-N-X- Yu\ ˙Tf-N-W-Ym...

≈ß- u Gßo-Td-L-™-⁄kR Æ[m-TW H˘_u≥ J≠- T-⁄d-°- u

AX-\p.

˚URÙ-]j-ß-≠-⁄k’ Lh-œm æl- TÙ± T\d-œm NÙt- TÙ-Ø- YÙ- N.

Ck-Rd L˙[-T-We-L-∞u C˚P- p, R⁄l-◊-›-ß, NÙd-L˚P YÙ˚P

T˚Ll-◊-X-≤p CkR SÙRv-YW C˚N

˘Nu-\-YÙ-Wm CkR C˚N˚V ÿRp ÿ˚\-VÙn Ck-Rf

„r-®- X- p ˙Lh-P- TÙ-’m...

Gu-]Ùp Sm-T-ÿ-•-V-Æp- X...

LÙRÙp ˙Lh-T’ ˘TÙn-VÙ...?

Li-QÙp Li˙P æ⁄-Y’ Gufl Et-fll-TÙojR ˙TÙ’...

L˚P-L-∞u ®VÙu Æ[dœ ˘Y∞f-Nj-ßp, Yh-P-UÙn ·• ®t-

œm ·h-Pm.

Tv- ^l ©•dL Yk-R-Yo-Ls

Tv-≥-≠-⁄k’ C\e-°-V-Yo-Ls

UÙ˚Xl- TÙ-›˚Rl TQ Æ˚W-V-™p-XÙ’ NX-Y-ØdL Yk-

R-Yo-Ls.

CkR U≤-Rd ·h-Pj-ßu ˚UVj-ß-≠-⁄k’ CkR C≤V

C˚N...

Bß Ak-R-™pXÙ —L-]l ˘T⁄- Y-∞- -≠-⁄k’ A• ÿ•

˘R -VÙ’ —⁄s —⁄-[Ùn G›l© Y⁄m CkR SÙR √e-LÙ-Wm.

C˚N- u C˚Z-L-∞p ˙U˙X ˙U˙X ˘Nufl ∏˙Z Yk’

∏˙Z Yk’ ÆX-Lj ˘R -VÙ-Up Æm-™j R¶-Ÿm Cu-]- Rufl

˘NÙp-Xj ˘R -VÙR CkR ˙NÙL TÙYm...

BXV Nk-®-ß- ˙XÙ, Ue-L[ ÿ·oj-Rm ®L-›m CPe-L-

∞˙XÙ Uh-”m ˙Lh-”d ˙Lh-”l TZ-°V Ck-Rl ◊≤R C˚N Cl-

T-•VÙ CPm UÙ± , œWe-LÙh-Pm, Li-Lh” Æj˚R LÙh• TQm

Ti-‘m Nk’ ÿ˚]- p NÙ˚X- VÙ-Wj-ßp...

33

U]-—d-œs ˘NÙp-Xj ˘R -VÙR F˚U Y≠...

AkR Y≠- Vf —Uk’ ˘LÙi” Ae˙L ®tL ÿ•-V-Æp- X.

Æfl Æfl- Yufl SPk’ Æh- Pu.

ÿk-RÙ-SÙs AY-N-Wm AY-N-W-UÙn Ad-LÙ-P-™dœ Æ˚W-Ÿm TÙ’,

T_Ù- p Jq- YÙ⁄ L˚P ÿu-]Ùp ˙TÙn ®ufl CkR C˚N-

˚Vl ˘TÙØk’ ˚Løh• VÙN-Lm ˙Lh-œm A˙R L˚X-Ou.

U]-—d-œs Ak-Rd °[of£

APl-TÙ-≈...!

˙Nj-ß-We-L-[Ùp, L˚X ETÙ-N-Lo-L-[Ùp ˙TÙμd-Ll-ThP Eu-]-R-

UÙ] J⁄ L˚X Cl-T-•VÙ Eu ÍXm Nk- Rd L˚Pdœ Yk’ ∫WØV

˙Yi-”m...?

CRtœ ÿu Bo-˙UÙ-≤-Vl ˘Th-•-˚Vj Ád-°d ˘LÙi”

˘R⁄j- R-⁄-YÙn SPk’ NÙR-Lm Nn’ VÙN-Lm Lh-P-Yo-L- [l TÙoj-

ß-⁄d-°- \u. TÙi-”m, PUÙ-WÙ-‹m Gp-XÙm AUo-dL-[-UÙn C˚Nj’,

≈h” S˚P-L-∞p Yk’ ®ufl ˘L¸W-Yl-©f˚N YÙe-°f ˘Np-¤m

A]Ù˚R Æ”-ßf £fl-Yo-L- [f Nk-ßj-ß-⁄d-°- \u, Al- TÙ- RÙu-flm

˙RÙu-\ÙR CkR EQo‹ ˙YR˚] Cl- TÙ’ CkR SÙRv-YW C˚N-

VÙp Uh-”m ˙RÙu-\d LÙW-Qm..?

Gu-]Ùp ˘TÙfldL ÿ•-V-Æp-˚X. Ae-°-⁄k’ Rl-©j-’d

˘LÙi” Æfl-Æ-fl- Yufl SPk’ ALu\ ˙TÙ’m, Tg-Nj-ßp A•-

ThP AkR ˙SÙg-NÙu EPm◊ A›d-LÙ] ˙Yx-•, ’i” C˚Y-

˘Vp-XÙ-Yt- \-Ÿm ¡± Ak-Rd L˚X-O-≤u NY-Wm ˘Nn’ TX-SÙ-[Ùn-

ÆhP ÿLj-ßp ÆØ-L-∞u A• BZj-ßp

˘RÙ≤jR AkR ˙NÙLm, Gu˚] Gu-]˙YÙ

˘Nn’ LÙi-•-⁄k-R-’.

Cl-T• Nk- Rd L˚Pdœd ˘LÙi”

Yk-’-Æh-PÙ˙]? B]Ù-¤m CYu C˚N- p

©£˙\ Cp- X- V.. Cl-T-•- VÙ⁄ —⁄ß —j-

Rm NÙj-ß-VUÙ? Al-T-•˘Vu-\Ùp L˚R-L-∞p

Y⁄-Y- Rl- TÙp CY˚] VÙ⁄m Hu Cu-fl-

Y˚W Ád-°-Æ-P-Æp˚X?

Cufl Ufl-T-•-Ÿm CkR Tv ®˚X-Vj-

ßp A˙R C˚N! Gl-T-•-Ÿm CY-≤-Pm ˙T£

ÆP ˙Yi-”m.

Gu] ˙T—-Y’?

A˙Pn TØ-LÙ-WÙ... ø UÙ]-Te-Ll-T-”j-’-

Y’ Gq-Y-[‹ T¨V L˚X˚V Gu-T’ E]d-

œj ˘R -ŸUÙ?

NT-

421-

5-TA

MIL

-9-B

T

34

Cl-T• AY-≤-Pm ˙LhL ˙Yi-•-V˚R UÙ]-∫-L-UÙn Jj-ß˚L

TÙoj-’d ˘LÙi-•-⁄d-œm ˙TÙ’ Ak-R-We-Lj-ßp J⁄ ™u- Yh-”.

Gu-]-RÙu B]Ù-¤m CYu Gj-R- ]dœ ˘T¨V L˚X ETÙ-N-

L-]Ùn C⁄dL ˙Yi-”m! Cq-Y-[‹ U’-W-UÙ] Cu-≤- N˚V Ru-]-

Lj-ßp BYÙ-°dL œ•- -⁄jR Gj-R˚] LÙXm CYu NÙR-Lm NÙR˚]

˘Nn-ß-⁄dL ˙Yi-”m. Ck-Rd L˚Xdœ HYp ◊¨k-ß-⁄dL ˙Yi-”m!

J⁄ Tv Yk’ ®u-\’ ˘Sp-≠d-LÙn \Íh- P-VÙn £R-±- VÙ-

”m ·h-Pm

’i•p Æ›k-ß-⁄kR ’h-”d-L- [l

˘TÙfld-°f ˙Noj-’d ˘LÙi-•-⁄d-œm AYu.

ÿu-©u R -VÙR CY-≤-Pm Cl- TÙ’

Gl-T-•l ˙Tf˚N BWm-©l-T-’.?

·f-Nm

RVd-Lm

≈ß- p Nufl LÙi-•-⁄d-œm R¨kR

J⁄ £Xo Gu˚] Et-fll TÙol-T-’- TÙp ,,,

AYu Cl- TÙ’ A˚Pk’ °˚Pd-œm J⁄

L˚P S˚P- p TÙn Eh-LÙok’ LÙi-•-⁄l-

T’ ˘R -°-\-’, Td-Lj-ßp AYu C˚Nd L⁄-

Æ-Ÿm.

˘UpX AYu Td-Lj-ßp ˙TÙn Eh-

LÙok- Ru.

ÆVo˚Y ˘S•- p·P AY-≤-Pjß-≠-

⁄k’ ˙XNÙn Yk’ ˘LÙi-•-⁄d-œm NÙWÙV

YÙ˚P...

AYu J⁄ ¿•˚V Tt\ ˚Yj-RÙu.

"" SUdœ GkR F˙WÙ''

AYu ß”d-°h-”j ß⁄m-©l TÙoj-RÙu.

"" Re-LÙ-£e-L... NÙo VÙ⁄i‘ ˘R -Vp-

≠˙V?''

"" J⁄ YÙW LÙXUÙ EeL Ne-∏-Rj˚Rd

˙Lh” UVe-°d LÙi-•-⁄d-œm J⁄ W≥-Lu...''

"" ˘WÙmT Nk- RÙ- -ÿeL...''

"" EeL °h˙P Ji‘ ˙Ld-Lh-”UÙ?

˙LÙÆf-—dL UÙh-ºe-L˙[?

"" Gu] NÙo Cl-T-•d ˙Ld-°-»eL! SÙu AN-Ì⁄ Bfi... CeL

VÙr GuT’ Ti˚PV

C ˚ N d L ⁄ Æ L ∞ p

™Lf £\l◊-YÙnkR’

Bœm. VÙr GuTRtœ

SWm◊ L[Ùp VÙdLl-

ThP’ ApX’. LhPl

ThP’ GuT’ TÙ⁄s.

˘TÙ’YÙL C˚N˚Vj

˙RÙtfl Ædœm L⁄Æ

L˚[j ˙RÙt L⁄Æ,

’˚[dL⁄Æ, SWm◊d L⁄Æ, ™Ptfld L⁄Æ

Gufl Y˚Ll T”j’Yo. CYt±p SWm◊dL⁄Æ

VÙ°V VÙ˙Z, R™Zo YÙ£jR ÿRp C˚Nd

L⁄ÆVÙœm. SWm◊dL⁄ÆL∞u Y[of£dœd

LÙWQUÙ] Bß L⁄Æ VÙr. Cd L⁄Æ

ÿt±¤UÙL U˚\k’ ARu YØYkR ≈˚Q

Cufl SWm©˚Nd L⁄ÆL∞p ÿRu˚U ´Pm

Y°d°\’. VÙr ˙LsÆ Gu\ ˘TV˚WŸm

˘LÙi”s[’. VÙØu YWXÙfl.

œ±g£ ®Xjßp TVuTÙh•p C⁄kR

L⁄ÆL∞p Jufl Æp. Æp≠p ÿfld˙Lt±d

LhPl-˘Tt\ SÙ¶≠⁄k’ Am◊ ˘Np¤m

˘TÙ›’ ˙RÙu±V C˚N˙V VÙØu

E⁄YÙdLjßtœj ˙RÙtfl YÙVÙL C⁄dL

˙Yi”m. CkR Æp VÙZÙL UXokR’. Tßtfll

Tj’, ÆpVÙr ÿp˚X ®Xjß˙X˙V ÿR≠p

˙RÙu±V’ Gufl ·±]Ù¤m, œ±g£ ®Xjßp

35

CkR F˙W Cu-‡m N -YW TZ-Lp-X,, A’d-œs˙[ Ee-L-°h˙P G’dœ

NÙo ˙LÙÆf-—d-L-‘m? —mUÙ ˙Lfie-L..''

J⁄ LQm RVe-°-Æh” SW-•-VÙ-Ld Lh- Pu "" BUÙ EVokR

L˚X Ee-L-°h˙P C⁄d-œ-’. A˚R Cl-T-•..?

AYu L -≠-⁄kR ¿•˚V J⁄ RP˚Y Su-\Ùn C›j-’-Æh”

G±k-RÙu.

""K˙aÙ A˚Rd ˙Ld-°-»e-L[Ù...? NÙdœ U≠gNÙ Nk- Rdœ

YW- Yi-•-V-’-RÙ˙]?

SÙu Ju-flm NÙp-XÙ-Up AY- ]˙V

TÙoj-’d- LÙi-•-⁄k- Ru.

"' GpXÙ SÙR-vYW Æj-’-YÙu-L- [l

˙TÙXj-RÙu NÙo SÙ‡m Gj-R- ]˙VÙ SÙs

TÙ”-Th” NÙR-Lm ˘Ng— RÙu C˚Rd Lj-’d-

°h- Pu. ˙LÙ´≠p AkR Gm˘T-⁄-UÙu Nk-

®-ß- p YÙ£f— ˙NY-L-m ˘Nn-Ÿm ˙Y˚X-Ÿm

°˚Pf-N’''

"" Al-◊-\m Gu]?''

"" ˙LÙ -≠p ß⁄h” SPk-R-’. ˙TÙƒv

Yk-R’ ÆNÙ-W˚Q Bf— Ll-T-¤d-œs˙[ ß⁄-

Pu C⁄k-RÙu... L˚P-£-´p È˚_ ®u‡

˙TÙf—,,, Al-◊\m ˘LÙg-N-SÙs Lp-VÙQ ≈”

, ©\œ LW-L-Bh-Pm, TÙnd-LÙp œß- W Bh-

Pm, A‹eL ·P ˚SVÙi• ˙U[m YÙ£f-

—d-°h” F¨p C⁄k- Ru. £≤UÙ •WÙUÙ

˙TÙp A’d- Lp-XÙm Cl˙TÙ T¨V °WÙd°

Cp˚X , C’ Uh-”-™p- X, Ae- L-Ÿm T¨V

˙TÙh• ˘TÙ\Ù˚U. Gq-Y-[‹ SÙs L˚X ,

Li-¶-Vm Al-T• Cl-T-•- Vp-XÙm TÙj-’-

°h” F - X˙V C⁄dL ÿ•-Ÿm Y -fli‘

Ji‘ C⁄d˙L NÙo... ˙TNÙU CkR SÙRv-Y-

Wj˚R G”j-’d-°h” F˚W Æh-”d °[m©

Æh- Pu.

AYu ®fljß Æh” C⁄-Uj ˘RÙPe-

°-]Ùu. ÆØ-Ls ©’e° ˘Y∞- p Yk’

Æ”Y’ ˙TÙp.

Cl- TÙ’ Æ[m-TW H_u≥ J≠- T-⁄d-

°- p J⁄ SÙRv-YW C˚N- Uh-”..

"" C˙RÙ ˙Lh-°-»e-L-[p-XÙ, C’ Uh-”m

Gu] NÙo Cl˙TÙ VÙo-RÙu L˚X˚V ÆtL Æp˚X NTÙ-Æp ˘L¸W-

Y-UÙL Lf- N¨ ˘Nn-°-\-YeL, Hu ˙LÙ -≠p YÙ£d-°-\-YeL Gp- XÙ-

˙RÙu±V’. H˘]≤p œ±g£ ®XjßpRÙu

˙Yh˚Pj RÙØp ™œßVÙL S˚P˘Tt\’. CkR

ÆpVÙr U≤R≤u ÿVt£VÙp, E˚ZlTÙp

TpY˚L VÙZÙL UXokR’, VÙØu Y•Yj˚Rj

’p≠VUÙL A±V ˙TÙßV £tTeL˙[Ù

JÆVeL˙[Ù Sm™Pm Cp˚X. NeL CXd

°VeL[Ù] ◊\SÙ‡fl, L≠j˘RÙ˚L, T¨TÙPp

Utflm Bt fllT˚P ËpL∞¤m, ß⁄dœ\∞¤m,

£XlTßLÙWm, T⁄e L˚R, ∫YL£kRÙU¶ ÿR≠V

LÙl©VeL∞¤m Tdß CXd° VeL∞¤m VÙr

Tt±V ˘NnßLs CPm˘Ttfls[]. Gu\Ù¤m

VÙØu Y˚LL˚[l ˙T¨VÙr, ∫±VÙr, ULWVÙr,

N˙LÙPVÙr Gufl A±Vÿ•°\˙R JØL ARu

Y•Æ˚] A±V ÿ•VÆp˚X. £XlTßLÙWjßp

VÙr Y˚LLfim, VÙØu Efll◊Ls Tt±Ÿm, VÙr

SWm◊L˚[l T¨˙NÙßj’f —⁄ß ·h•l ©u]o

VÙ˚Z GlT• C˚NlT’ GuTRtLÙ] CXdLQe

Lfim ƨYÙLd ·\lTh”s[].

NeL CXd°Vm Utflm ÿtLÙXd LÙl©VeL∞p

C˚NdL⁄ÆVÙL VÙr Uh”˙U CPm˘Tt fls[’.

B]Ùp Tdß CXd°V LÙXjßp VÙ›m ARuT•

Y[of£VÙ] ≈˚QŸm J⁄e˙L LÙQlThP]

GuT˚R "HØ˚N VÙr', "≈˚Q ÿWXd Li˙Pu',

"Ti˙QÙ•˚VkR ≈˚Q T´u\Ùn TÙt±' Gu\

UÙ¶dLYÙNL¨u TÙPpYØ A±k’ LÙs[XÙm.

36

⁄m —m-UÙYÙ ˘Nn-°-\ÙeL...? Gp- XÙ-⁄d-œm A‹e-L-‹eL ˘Nn-V-\-

RÙu ®VÙ-V-ÿi‘ NÙßdL J⁄ LÙW-Qm C⁄d-œm Al-T-•l TÙd-œm

˙TÙ’ Gu˚] Uh-”m Gl-T• NÙo œ˚\ ˘NÙp-¤-≈e-L? NÙl-©-PÙ-Up

Th-•≤ °Pl-T-Y-‡dœ ·r- Y-‘m, NÙl-©h” Y´fl ˘WÙm© C⁄l-T-

Y-‡dœ v≈h ˙Y‘m... Gp-XÙm ÆW-¤dœ Ht\ ≈d-Lm NÙo...''

¡i-”m C⁄-Up

ÆØ-L-∞p Yk’ ®t-œm øoj ’∞-Ls..

"" BUÙ NÙo... Cq-Y-[‹ ÁWm Ge-°h˙P Ld-°-»e-L˙[ NÙ⁄dœ

Gu] ˙Y˚X˙VÙ?''

G]d-œs J⁄ œt-\-YÙ∞ EQo-‹, ™Î-£d Ad-LÙ-P-™- p SÙRv-

Y-Wm Lt-fld ˘LÙ”d-œm ˙Y˚X, Al-T-ºi‘ CYu-°h˘P Gl-T•

Ei- U- Vf ˘NÙp- Yu,

˘NÙœ-NÙn YÙr-Y-RÙn EX˚L Sm-T- Yd-Ll ©W-VjR-]l-T-”m

Uj-ß-V-RW Yod-Lj-ßu ©W-ß-®ß SÙu Ge˙L? ∏˙Z Æ›k’ °Pd-œm

CYu Ge˙L?

"" TdLj’ v·-≠p YÙj-ß-VÙo Y˚X...'' Gu-°- \u TX-∏-]-UÙ]

œW-≠p.

øX Tj-U-SÙ-Tu

øX Tj-U-SÙ-Tu Gu-‡m øX-Li-Pl ©s˚[ Tj-U-SÙ-Tu Hl-Wp

26 1938 Cp Lu-≤VÙœU¨ UÙYh-Pj-ßp ©\k-RÙo. R™-Z-Lj-ßu

ÿu]¶ G›j-RÙ-[o. ◊ß-]m, £fl-L˚R, Lh-”- W, LÆ˚R G]l TX

Y˚L-L-∞-¤m G›-’-T-Yo. C˚XŸßo LÙXm ◊ß-]j-ßt-LÙL 2007 Bm

Bi-•p NÙ°j-ßV Ad-LÙ-R™ Æ⁄’ ˘Tt-\Yo. ˘TÙ±- V-XÙ-[-WÙ-Ll

T¶-VÙt± Jn-‹- Ttfl Rt- TÙ’ ß⁄-Y-]kR◊Wj-ßp Y£j’ Y⁄-°-\Ùo.

˘NVpTÙ”Ls

£fl-L- R- p CPm- Tt-fls[ Yh-PÙW YZd-œf ˘NÙt-L˚[j ˙Rok- R-”j’

ALW Y - Nl-T-”j-’e-Ls.

˙LW[j R™r G›j-RÙ-[o- J⁄Y¨u YÙrd- Ld œ±l˚T G›-’e-Ls.

"L˚X-Ou' £fl-L- R˚V ÆUoN]m Nn’ G›-’e-Ls.

C˚Nd L˚X-Oo J⁄-Y˚W ˙So-LÙ-Qp SPj-’-Y-Rt-LÙ] Æ]Ù-®-Wp RVÙo

˘Nn-Ÿe-Ls.

Ti- PV C˚Nd L⁄-Æ-Ls, Cu- \V C˚Nd-L-⁄-Æ-L-∞u TPe-L- [j ßWh-•,

œ±l◊ G›’eLs.

L˚Xd LÙ◊WeLs AX°p øeLs ßWh•V RÙœl◊L∞u A•lT˚P´p

L˚X CXd°V UXo RVÙ¨ŸeLs.

øX Tj-U-SÙ-Tu

37

˙SÙVt\ YÙr˙Y œ˚\Yt\ ˘NpYm GuT’

˘TÙu˘UÙØ. Y[UÙ] NÿRÙVm E⁄YÙYRtœ

UdL∞u B˙WÙd°Vm Cu±V˚UVÙR’. SpX

EQ‹l TZdLÿm, ÿ˚\VÙ] EPtT´t£Ÿm

B˙WÙd°VUÙ] YÙr‹dœj ’˚Q◊¨Ÿm.

Cu˚\V UÙQYf˘NpYeL˙[ SÙ˚[V

Y[UÙ] SÙh•u ÁiLs. G]˙Y N¨VÙ]

EQ‹lTZdLm, EPtT´t£, CVt˚L˙VÙ”

C˚VkR YÙrd˚L ÿ˚\ B°VYt˚\d

L˚P©•dœm ˙SÙdLj’Pu CqYXœ

A˚UdLlTh”s[’.

38

EPp Y[m LÙl˙TÙmEPp Y[m LÙl˙TÙmEPp Y[m LÙl˙TÙmEPp Y[m LÙl˙TÙmEPp Y[m LÙl˙TÙm

Bfl —˚YŸm A±k’ Tœj˙R

ARuT• Ei‘m EQ˚Y Yœj˙R

Ëfl Y˚L C˚X, È, LÙn, L≤´u

÷‘dLm A±k’, ËXÙnj RÙœj˙R

TÙ⁄d L∞j’ YÙrkR ÿu˙]Ù¨u

Ti◊ YØ´p Nufl, EP˚Xf

∫⁄Pu LÙdœm Nm˚U YØLs

£k˚R´p LÙiPÙp £dL˙X Cp˚X!

SÙm Ei‘m EQ‹dœm Es[jßtœm

SpX˘RÙ⁄ RÙPo◊i”; Íufl Y˚[

SÙm Ei‘m EQ‹dœm NVpLfidœm

Sh◊\‹ ™L‹i”; YÙrd˚L Ru≤p

SÙm NnŸm SpX˚YŸm æV˚YŸm

Sm EQÆu E´ofNjßu Æ˚[‹Ls RÙm!

SÙm ˘Yt± ˙RÙpÆL˚[l ˘TflYRtœ

®˚XdL[UÙn C⁄lTßkR EQÆu Ft˙\!

SXm SÙ•

39

LjR¨dLÙn ÿ⁄e˚LdLÙn ÆhPÙp Yfl

Lß´p˚X GuT˚Rl˙TÙp A˚R˙V Ei˙TÙm!

Nj’˚PV TXLÙnLs U\k’ Æh”f

N≠l©u±l TWe°, Èf—˚]dLÙn Ei˙TÙm!

◊j’Qof£ EPm©≤˙X ÈlTRtœm

◊’j˘Rm◊ Yk’S˚Ud LÙlTRtœm

GjR˚]˙VÙ Y˚LVÙ] Tf˚Nd LÙnLs

Ceœi”; JWU±k˙R EiPÙp Su˚U!

Ce°⁄dœm UdLfid˙L AÿR UÙL

C⁄d°u\ TX∏˚W Y˚LL fis˙[

ReLjßu œQÿi”; œ˙[ÙW©p Gu‡m

R˚NY[odœm RÙYWjßu Nj’ ÿi”;

AeLe˙L Sm≈h”j RÙhPj’s˙[

A⁄e∏˚Wl T´oY[oj’l TVu’njRÙ˙XÙ

Ce°⁄dœm TgN˘UXÙm YÙ•l˙TÙœm;

Gk˙SÙŸm AiPÙUp K•l˙TÙœm!

ÿ˚[d∏˚W, A˚Wd∏˚W, ÿ⁄e˚Ld ∏˚W,

ÍlTØdœm ™L EVokR ALjßd ∏˚W,

C[˚UR⁄m LÙj’Up≠, UQjRd LÙ∞,

Cu◊ß]Ù, L⁄˙Yl©˚X, TÙu]Ùe Li¶,

Æ˚[ŸÿPp SÙnLh˙L GߨVÙœm!

≈QÙœm EPtNj’ ¡i”m Rk’

L˚[ÿLj˚R, EPpY[j˚R SUdœ Spœm

∏˚WŸQ ‹iTÙoTp XÙi” YÙrYÙo!

Aq‹Q˙YÙ Gp˙XÙodœm °˚PlTRt˙L

B´WUÙn CPolTÙ” C⁄kR ˙TÙ’m ˛

LqÆS˚Ud œRflRt˙L, YÙn©[k’

LÙjß⁄dœm L”mTgNm ’•jR TÙ’m

Aq‹QÆu RWU±k’, £\lT±k’

A[Y±k’ SÙm EiQd Ltfld LÙiPÙp

Cq‹X°p Y⁄mC\l˚T C\dLf Nn˙R

Gu˚\dœm C[˚UŸPu YÙZXÙmSÙm!

EQ‹l ©W™h

SU’ Au\ÙP EQ‹, B˙WÙd°VUÙ] EQYÙn

A˚UV GkR UÙߨVÙ] EQ‹l TZdLj˚Rd

L˚P©•dL˙Yi”m Gu\ ERÆdœ±l©˚]j R⁄m

·o÷≤d˙LÙ◊W Y•Y Æ[dLlTPjß˚] EQ‹

YØLÙh• ·o÷≤d ˙LÙ◊Wm Gu\˚Zd°u ˙\Ùm.

Cßp AßLm ˙Noj’d ˘LÙs[ ˙Yi•V

EQ‹Y˚LLs ·o÷≤d ˙LÙ◊Wjßu ALu\

A•lTÙLjßp œ±l©PlTh ”s[]. ·o˚UVÙ]

˙Up◊\jßp ™L‹m œ˚\j’ EiQ˙Yi•V

EQ‹ Y˚LLs œ±l©PlTh”s[]. SU’

Au\ÙP EQÆp J˙W UÙߨVÙ] EQ‹Y˚L

L˚[d ˘LÙs[ÙUp, UÙflThP Y˚LL˚[f ˙Noj’

ARuÍXm SUdœj ˙R˚YVÙ] FhPeL˚[Ÿm,

Ndß˚VŸm ˘T\ CkR ERÆlTPm YØLÙh”°u\’.

RÙ≤V EQ‹Ls

TZeLs

TÙp

˘LÙ›l◊

Gi˘Qn,

C˚\f£

LÙnL±Ls

40

Sg˚N´˙X Æ˚[Ÿm˘Sp A¨£Uh”m

S˚UdLÙdœm G]Sm© C⁄kßPÙUp

◊g˚NR⁄m LrYWœ, NÙ[m, Lm◊

◊jÁhPm R⁄mTVfl Y˚LLs GpXÙm

˘LÙgN˘U] Ei‘°u\ ®˚X˚U UÙt±d

œ˚\´u±d LXk’iQl TZ° ÆhPÙp

TgNeLs TXYk’ UÙß]Ù¤m

TXm˘Tt\ EPpSXj˚Rl T\XÙm SÙ˙U!

LÙnL±Ls, ∏˚WY˚L, L≤Ls GpXÙm

LhPÙVm £±˙R‡m EQÆp LÙiPÙp

RÙnlTÙ¤d °˚QVÙ] EWj˚Rl Ttfl

R™r˙TÙX TpXÙi” YÙZXÙm SÙm!

˙SÙn˘SÙ•Ls AiPÙR EPpY[j˚R

÷iQ±˚Y, AgNÙR Sg— Wj˚R,

YÙnl◊L[Ùp Uh”™u± EQYÙp, SpX

YZdLeL [Ùp˘Ttfl EVW XÙ˙U!

˛LÆOo TÙu]•VÙu

˙SÙnSÙ•......

L¶≤ ˘Uu˘TÙ⁄s ’˚\´¤m ©\ ˘RÙØp

’˚\´¤m Sm SÙ” ÿR≠Pj˚R ˙SÙd°

ÿu˙]± Y⁄°\’. CkRf ˘Nnß Sm

LÙ’dœs Ru TÙnf£]Ù¤m UdLs RÙ˚Ll

˘T⁄dLm, U’˙UL ˙SÙn, ˘af.I.Æ. ˙SÙn

CYt±¤m ÿR≠Pj’dœ ÿu˙]±d

˘LÙi•⁄d°˙\Ùm Gu°\ ˘Nnߟm ·P˙Y

Y⁄m˙TÙ’ Y⁄jRÿm Y⁄°\’.

Y[ok’ÆhP UtLjßV SÙ”L˚[j RÙØ≠¤m

LXÙfNÙWjߤm AlT•˙V ©uTtflYRu

Æ˚[‹RÙu CWi”˙U. B]Ùp, Cl˙TÙ’

Y[okR SÙ”L[Ù] A˘U¨dLÙ ˙TÙu\

Yt±p UÙW˚Pl◊, U’˙UL ˙SÙn RÙdLm

ÿRXÙ]˚Y œ˚\k’ Y⁄°\’. YÙrd˚L

ÿ˚\RÙu ˙SÙ˚V YW Y˚ZdL, RÆodL

ÿRp LÙWQm GuT˚R EQokR AYoLs,

LXdL ™pXÙ U]—dœ ˙VÙLÙ, L˙XÙ¨

œ˚\kR CVt˚L EQ‹, EPtT´t£ G]j

ReLs YÙr˚Yf ∫W UdL BWm©j’ÆhP]o.

◊˚L©•lT˚R U\dLj ˘RÙPe°ÆhP]o.

LÆOo TÙu]•VÙu

ÿp˚XfNWm L˚X CXd°V Hh˚P 35 Bi”L[ÙL SPjßf NÙR˚] T˚Pj’ Y⁄TYo.

I.SÙ. TiTÙh”d LZL Æ⁄’, R™ZL AW£u TÙ˙YkRo Æ⁄’ TÙu\Yt˚\l Tt\Yo. T≤UXo,

Ko CRVjßu HdLm, J⁄ ˚Lß´u TÙPpLs, T\dLj ˘R¨VÙR ThPÙm Èf£Ls,

˘TÙu]•VÙu LÆ˚RLs, ®˚]Y˚XL∞p TÙ˙YkRo ˙TÙu\ TX ËpL∞u B£¨Vo.

˘TÙu]•VÙu LÆ˚RLs Gu\ Ë≠≠⁄k’ G”dLlThPP’ CdLÆ˚R.

˘NVpTÙ”Ls

Ti- PV EQ‹ Y˚L-L- [-Ÿm, Rt-LÙX EQ‹ Y˚L-L- [-Ÿm Ah-P-Y- Ql-

T-”j-’e-Ls.

Au-\Ù-Pm SÙm Ei-‘m EQ-Æp APe-°´⁄dL ˙Yi•V Fh-Pf Nj-’

EQ-‹-L˚[ Y - Nl-T-”j-’e-Ls.

B˙WÙd-°V YÙr-Æt-œf £\k-R’ Ti- PV EQ‹ ÿ˚\˙V! Cu- \V EQ‹

ÿ˚\˙V! G‡m R˚Xl©p Th-•-Uu-\m SPj’eLs.

Sg- N, ◊g˚N RÙ≤-Ve-L˚[ Ah-P-Y- Ql-T-”j-’e-Ls.

41

AÀWQm TXÆReL∞p HtTPXÙm.

Y´t±p —Wdœm A™Xm œ˚\k’ÆhPÙp CWi”

Æ⁄mTjRLÙR Æ˚[‹Ls EiPÙ°u\]. Jufl, EQ˚Y

A˚WlT’ œ˚\k’Æ”°\’. Ut˘\Ùufl EQÆp Es[

Sf—dLs AlT•˙V œP¤dœ A‡lTlT”°u\].

SÙm NÙl©”m˙TÙ’ ˘LÙgNm LÙt˚\Ÿm Æ›e°

Æ”°˙\Ùm. A’ HlTUÙL ˘Y∞lT”°\’. Sm EQ‹d

œZÙ´p Es[ J⁄Y˚L v˘T`p YÙp‹ YØVÙL

CkR HlTm ˙Up G›m© YÙn YØVÙL

˘Y∞˙Vfl°\’. B]Ùp £X NUVm CkR YÙp‹

YØVÙL Y´t±p —Wdœm A™Xÿm ˙U˘X›m◊°\’.

A˚RjRÙu SÙm ˘Sg— G¨fNXÙL EQo°˙\Ùm. CkR

Y˚L´p AÀWQm EiPÙYRtœ C˚Wl˚T´p

EiPÙœm WQm LÙWQUÙLXÙm. C˚R ''Gastnitis''Gu˙TÙm.

Ut˘\Ù⁄ LÙWQm, AßLUÙ] Y≠ ®YÙW¶L˚[

øiP SÙhLfidœ Eh˘LÙsY’RÙu. ◊˚LlTZdLm, EPp

CVdLeLs ™Ld œ˚\kR YÙrd˚L ÿ˚\

B°V˚YŸm LÙWQeLs.

®˚\V œ∞oTÙ]eL˚[ Eh˘LÙsY’, UNÙXÙ Utflm

Gi˘Qn EQ‹L˚[ AßLm Eh˘LÙsY’

˙TÙu\˚YŸm CRtœ J⁄ LÙWQm.

AÀWQj˚Rj RÆodL Gu] ˘NnVXÙm? N¨Æ°R

EQ‹, ◊WRm, TZeLs, LÙnL±Ls ®Wm©V EQ‹,

EPp G˚P˚Vd œ˚\lT’, ˙Y˚[dœf NÙl©”Y’,

U] CfldLm CpXÙUp C⁄lT’ B°V˚Y æo‹Ls.

U] CfldLm CpXÙUp C⁄dL C˚N, S˚PlT´t£,

˙VÙLÙ B°V˚Y ER‹m.

Ue˚LVo UXo ˛ _¯˚X 2015

AÀWQj˚R AXh£VlT”jR ˙YiPÙmAÀWQj˚R AXh£VlT”jR ˙YiPÙmAÀWQj˚R AXh£VlT”jR ˙YiPÙmAÀWQj˚R AXh£VlT”jR ˙YiPÙmAÀWQj˚R AXh£VlT”jR ˙YiPÙm!

˘NVpTÙ”Ls

AÀ-W-Qm Ht-T-”-Y-Rt-LÙ] LÙW-Qe-L- [-Ÿm RÆod-œm YØ-ÿ- \-L- [-Ÿm

œ±l-TÙL G›e-Ls.

Nj-’-Q‹ ®◊-Q- -Pm So-LÙ-Qp SPj-’-Y-Rt-LÙ] Æ]Ù-®-Wp RVÙo Nn-Ÿe-Ls

. "BNÙ-Wd-˙LÙ˚Y' ·flm Ei-‘m ÿ˚\-L-˚[-Ÿm, Ei-Qd ·PÙR

ÿ˚\-L-˚[-Ÿm Tt±d œ±l◊ G›-’e-Ls.

C˚X EQ-‹-L-∞p LÙQl-T-”m œ˙[Ù-W-©p (Tf- N-Vm) œ±j’d œ±l◊ G›-

’e-Ls.

U⁄j’Yl TVuR⁄m ∏˚WLs, L≤Ls TÙu\Yt±u TVuL˚[ EhT”jß

TPj˘RÙœl◊ E⁄YÙdœeLs.

EQ‹ LÙs-fim ÿ˚\

Ei‘eLÙp SÙd-œm ß˚N °Zd-œd Li-Q-Uok’

Áe-LÙu ’[e-LÙ˚U Suœ C√C VÙi-”m

©±-ß-VÙ’ SÙd-LÙu E˚W-VÙu RÙ›-’- LÙi”

EiL ELÙ A˚U Suœ

Ei-Qd ·PÙR ÿ˚\-Ls

°Pk’i-QÙo ®u-fli-QÙo Ys-∞- P-Ÿm Ei-QÙo

£\k’ ™L Ei-QÙo Lh-•p Up Ei-QÙo

C\k- RÙu-flm ßu-]tL ®u-fl. (BNÙWd LÙ˚Y)

NT-

421-

6-TA

MIL

-9-B

T

42

YpX˚U LÙl˙TÙm

B˙WÙd°VUÙ] YÙr‹dœ EPtT´t£ AY£Vm Gufl

U⁄j’YoLs T¨k’˚Wd°u\]o. øiP ˙SWm AUok˙R ˙Y˚X

TÙolTRÙp, EPp E˚Zl◊ ˘T⁄U[‹ œ˚\k’ÆhP’. CR]Ùp,

EPp T⁄Uu, NodL˚W SÙn, CRV SÙnLs Y⁄YRtLÙ] YÙnl◊

AßL¨j’ÆhP’. C˚Rj RÆodL . . .

1. ß]ÿm LÙ˚X œ˚\kR’ 45 ®™PeLs S˚PlT´t£dœf

˘Np¤eLs. CVt˚LVÙ] LÙt˚\f —YÙ£jRT• Np¤m˙TÙ’,

Íf—Æ”Yßp £WUm C⁄dLÙ’. G˚P ∫WÙL C⁄dœm.

˙SÙnLfim AiPÙ’. EP¤dœj ˙R˚YVÙ] ˚YhP™u •

°˚Pdœm.

2. S˚PlT´t£dœl ©u, R˚NL˚[ Y¤YÙdœm T´t£Ls

˘NnV ˙Yi”m. G”jR’m L•]UÙ] T´t£L˚[f ˘NnVd

·PÙ’. G∞V "YÙmAl' T´t£LfiPu ˘RÙPeL ˙Yi”m.

AYWYo EPp SXm, YV’, TÙ≠]m, NodL˚W ˙SÙn, WjR

A›jRm ˙TÙu\ ©Wf£˚]L˚[d L⁄jßp˘LÙi”, œ”mT

U⁄j’Yo Utflm EPtT´t£ B˙XÙNL¨Pm EPtT´t£

˘RÙPoTÙ] B˙XÙN˚]Ls ˘T\ ˙Yi”m.

EPtT´t£EPtT´t£EPtT´t£EPtT´t£EPtT´t£

43

3. œZk˚RLs, R˚N˚V EflßlT”j’m G˚Pl T´t£L˚[f

˘NnVd ·PÙ’. ˘T¨VYoLs, œZk˚RLs G] AYWYod LÙ]l

©Wj˙VLl T´t£L˚[ ˙Ut˘LÙs[ ˙Yi”m.

4. œZk˚RL˚[l TÙfljRY˚W ©WRÙ]UÙ] EPtT´t£ GuT’

Æ˚[VÙh”RÙu. œZk˚RLs K•VÙ• Æ˚[VÙP ˙Yi-”m.

5. øfNp, v˙Lh•e, ˘Pu≤v, ˙Th™iPu ˙TÙu\ R≤

Æ˚[VÙh”L∞¤m, LÙpTk’, ·˚PlTk’ ˙TÙu\ A¶

Æ˚[VÙh”L∞¤m D”TP-XÙm. Jq-˘YÙ-⁄-Y-⁄d-œm GkR

Æ˚[VÙh” ©•d°\˙RÙ, Aßp ©Wj˙VLd LY]m ˘N¤jR

˙Yi-”m.

6. ÿßVYoLs Au\ÙPm 45 ®™PeLs S˚PlT´t£

˘NnY’ SpX’. J˙W ˙SWjßp ˘RÙPok’ ˘NnV

ÿ•VÆp˚X Gu\Ùp, Tj’l Tj’ ®™PeL[ÙLl

©¨j’f ˘NnVXÙm.

7. S˚PlT´t£ ˘NnŸm˙TÙ’, ™RUÙ] ˙YLjßp

BWm©j’, ˘LÙgNm ˘LÙgNUÙL ˙YLj˚R AßL¨dL

˙Yi”m. ARÙY’, ÿRp 5 ˛ 10 ®™PeLfidœ

™RUÙ] ˙YLm. ˘LÙgNm ˘LÙgNUÙL ˙YLj˚R

AßL¨j’ A”jR 20 ®™PeLfidœ Aß˙YLm.

©u]o 5 10 ®™PeLfidœ ˙YLj˚Rl T•lT•VÙLd

œ˚\j’ CVp◊®˚Xdœj ß⁄mT ˙Yi”m.

8. S˚PlT´t£dœ G]l ©Wj˙VLUÙ] LÙX¶L˚[

ET˙VÙ°ŸeLs. CR]Ùp Íh”j ˙RnUÙ]m

Lh”lT”jRlT”m. œßLÙp Y≠ YWÙ’.

9. R˚N C›l◊l T´t£L[Ù] TÙRm ˘RÙ”Rp, ˚LL˚[

EVoj’Rp, U¶dLh˚Pf —ZtflRp, œßLÙp

—ZtflRp, ÿh•˚V UPdœRp, L›j’ A˚N‹Ls

˙TÙu\Yt˚\j ß]ÿm 5 ÿ˚\ ˘NnVXÙm.

10. ˘T¨VYoLs, ˙Th™iPu, ˘Pu≤v, °¨d˘Lh G]

HRÙY’ J⁄ Æ˚[VÙh•p ˙SWm °˚Pdœm˙TÙ’

D”TPXÙm. C’ EeLs EP˚X Su\ÙL ˚Yjß⁄dL

ER‹m.

PÙdPo ©WTÙYß

Ag— ˙TÙ©_Ùow

R≤j RLYpLs

©\kR SÙs : 19 HlWp 1977

©\kR CPm : NeL]Ùf˙N¨, ˙LW[Ù,

CkßVÙ.

Ag—˙TÙ© _Ùow Ko CkßVj RPL[

≈WÙeL˚] BYÙo. 2003Bm Bi”

TÙ¨£p SPkR EXLj RPL[l

˙TÙh•´p 6.70 ¡hPo ÁWm RÙi•

ø[m RÙi”R≠p ˘YiLXl TRdLm

˘Yu\Ru ÍXm CYo TWYXÙL

A±VlThPÙo. ˙U¤m CYo EXLj

RPL[l ˙TÙh•´p ˘YiLXl

TRdLm ˘Yu\ ÿRp CkßVj RPL[

≈Wo BYÙo. 2003 ˛ 04˛m Bi•tLÙ]

WÙÀq LÙkß Lp Wj]Ù Æ⁄˚R CYo

˘Yufls[Ùo.

R≤ YÙrd˚L

Ag—Æu LQYo WÙToh TÙ© _Ùow.

ÿmÿ˚\j RÙi-”Rp ˙TÙh•´p

ÿu]Ùs ˙R£V ˘Yt±VÙ[o CYo,

Ag—Æu T´tfl]⁄m BYÙo.

Rt˙TÙ’ Ag— CkßVf —eLj ’˚\´p

T¶◊¨°\Ùo.

44

BN]m ˘NnŸm ÿu LY≤dL ˙Yi•V ÿu SPY•d˚L :

1. ˙SWÙL UpXÙk’ ƨl©u ˙Up T”j’d˘LÙs[ ˙Yi”m.

2. CWi” ˚LL˚[Ÿm R[oYÙL øh•d˘LÙs[ ˙Yi”m.

3. Al˙TÙ’ Es[e˚LLs BLÙVj˚R ˙SÙd°Ÿm, ◊\e˚LLs

R˚W ƨl©u ˙U¤m C⁄dœmT• A˚Uj’d ˘LÙs[‹m.

4. £±’ ˙SWm AlT•˙V KnYÙL C⁄dL‹m. ARu ©u

BN]j˚Rf ˘NnV BWm©dL‹m.

TßÿLl ¿PÙN]m ˘NnY’ GlT•?

1. ÿRu ÿR≠p Su\ÙL ®™ok’ Æ˚\lTÙL ®p¤eLs.

2. Al˙TÙ’ UÙo˚T ˙SWÙL ®™ojßd˘LÙsfieLs.

3. LÙpL˚[ Jufl˙Noj’d˘LÙsfieLs.

4. Ck®˚X´¤m Æ˚\l◊ UÙ\ÙR Ru˚U E˚PVRÙL A˚UV

˙Yi”m.

5. œßLÙpL˚[ EVojßd˘LÙsfieLs.

6. ÿZeLÙpL˚[ U•j’d˘LÙsfieLs.

©WTÙYß

BkßW UÙ®Xm °Zdœd LÙRÙY¨ UÙYhPm CWÙUfNkßW◊Wm RÙ¤dLÙÆp Es[ œpXÙ

°WÙUm Gu\ œd°WÙUjßp 1958Cp ©\kRYo PÙdPo ©WTÙYß. IRWÙTÙjßp Es[

LvÁ¨TÙn CVt˚L U⁄j’Y ˚UVjßp EVoLpÆ Lt\Yo. R™rSÙ” Sp˘XiQl

©WfNÙWm Utflm SXYÙr‹ ˙N˚Y A˚Ul◊ CY⁄dœ 1996 Bm Bi” ˘L¸WYl

ThPm YZe° £\l©j’s[’. ClTÙPlTœß CY⁄˚PV EeLs EPpSXm Gu‡m

Ë≠≠⁄k’ G”dLlThP’.

˘NVpTÙ”Ls EPt-T- t-£- u Y˚L-L- [l Th-•-V-≠-”e-Ls.

NÙR˚] T˚PjR Æ˚[-VÙh” ≈Wo J⁄-Y-¨u YÙrd-˚Ld œ±l˚T

G›-’e-Ls.

Cu\˚V L¶≤ŸLd LÙXjßp EPtT´t£´u ˙R˚Y´˚] G”j’d

·flm ÆRUÙL SiT‡dœd L•Rm G›’eLs.

Æ⁄-’-Ls Tt\ Æ˚[-VÙh” ≈Wo-Ls Tt±V RLYpL˚[Ÿm TPeL˚[Ÿm

ßWh•l TPj˘RÙœl◊j RVÙ¨ŸeLs.

˙VÙLÙN]m˙VÙLÙN]m˙VÙLÙN]m˙VÙLÙN]m˙VÙLÙN]m

45

CVk-ßW EX-Lm

Tp- Yfl ˙R˚Y-L-fid-LÙ] CVk-ß-We-Ls Ut-flm

™u-]‘˘TÙ⁄h-L-∞u Li-”-©-•l-◊m ˙TÙd-

œ-Y-Wj’ YN-ß-L-∞u Aß-L- l-◊m SU’ L•]

E˚Zl˚T G∞- Ul-T-”jßÆh-P-’. NÙRÙ-WQ

E˚Zl-©tœj R˚P- TÙh-”-Æh-P-’. Td-Lj-’d

L˚P- p ˘Nufl TÙp YÙe-L-‹m A”jR ˘R⁄-

Æp ˘Nufl LÙn-L± YÙe-L-‹m·P YÙL-]e-L-

˚[l TV-u-T-”j-Rj ˘RÙPe-° -Æh-˙PÙm.

C˚P˙Y˚[L-∞p Ts-∞d-·P Y[Ù-Lj-ßp K•

Æ˚[-VÙ-”m YÙnl˚T UÙQ-Yo-L-fim CZk-’-

Æh-P-]o. UÙQ-Yo-L-∞u UÙ˚X-˙SW Æ˚[-

VÙh-”-L˚[ ˚URÙ-]e-L-fim CZk-’-Æh-P-].

AßL EPp A˚N-‹-Ls Cp-XÙR YÙrd-˚L-

˚V˙V ˘T⁄m-TÙ-XÙ-˙]Ùo ˙Ut-˘LÙs-°u-\-

]o. ™L C[m YV-ß- X˙V CWjR A›j-Rm,

ø -Ø‹ ˙TÙu\ ˙SÙn-L-fidœl TX⁄m B[Ù-

Y-Rt-œd LÙW-Qm EPt-T-´t£ Cu-˚U-˙V.

EPt-T- t-£, ˙VÙLÙ ˙TÙu-\˚Y œ±j’f £k-

ßdL˙Yi-•V LÙXm C’.

7. EP˚Xf £±’ £±RÙL C\d°d˘LÙi” YW

˙Yi”m.

8. Cl˙TÙ’ Smÿ˚PV EhLÙ⁄m CPeL[Ù°V

©uTÙLm œßLÙpLs ˙Up AUWd·•VRÙL

A˚UŸm.

9. ClT• EhLÙokR‹P˙] Es[e˚LL[Ù]’ ÿZe

LÙpL˚[j ˘RÙPd·•V ®˚X˚U´p C⁄lT’

AY£Vm.

10. CRu ©\œ ÿZeLÙpLs CWi˚PŸm £±’

£±RÙLl ©¨j’ C˚P˘Y∞˚V EiPÙdL

˙Yi”m.

TßÿLl ¿PÙN]jßu Su˚ULs

1. CkRl TßÿLl ¿PÙN]j˚Rj ˘RÙPok’ ˘Nn’

YkRÙp C”l◊l TœßVÙ]’ Y≠˚U ˘Tfl°\’.

2. Y´tfllTœßVÙ]’ AZ˚LŸm, ˘TÙ≠˚YŸm,

YpX˚U˚V Ÿm A˚P°\’.

3. L‘dLÙpL[Ù]’ TXm A˚P°\’.

4. ˘RÙ˚PLs Y¤Ytfld LÙQlThPÙp AR˚]

Y¤ ‹s[RÙL UÙt±d Lp˚Xl˙TÙp L•]UÙL

UÙtfl°\’.

5. Aj’Pu ˘RÙ˚PlTœßLfidœ A[ÆpXÙR

YpX˚U˚VŸm, Bt\˚XŸm C’ R⁄°\’.

6. ˘Li˚PdLÙp G]lT”m LÙpL∞u B” N˚Rl

Tœßdœ CkR BN]m T¨’ Eflß˚Vj R⁄°\’.

7. ˚LLfidœ Eflß˚VŸm, TXj˚RŸm R⁄m

BN]UÙL‹m C’ A˚U°\’.

8. ÿZeLÙpL˚[ EflߟPu Æ[eLf ˘NnV

CkR BN]m ˘T¨’m ’˚Q ◊¨YRÙp CkRl

TßÿLl ¿PÙN]m BN]eL∞p NoY YpX˚U

E˚PV BN]m Gufl ·\lT”°\’.

9. L‘dLÙpLs Eflß˚Vl ˘Tfl°u\ LÙWQj

ß]Ùp CkR BN]m L‘dLÙ≠p Y≠ Es[Yo

Lfidœm TÙReL∞p Y≠ Es[YoLfidœm Ko

At◊R A⁄U⁄kRÙL Æ[eœ°u\’.

46

˘NVpTÙ”Ls

˙VÙLÙ- L˚X˚Vd œ±j-’f £fl-œ-±l◊ G›-’e-Ls.

"˙VÙLÙÆu TVuLs' Gu\ R˚Xl-©p Ts∞ CXd-°VUu-\ ÆZÙÆp

E˚WVÙt\f NÙt˘TÙØ‹˚W RVÙ¨ŸeLs.

Ts∞´p Æ˚[VÙh”l˙TÙh•Ls SPj’YRtLÙ] ÿu˙]tLÙ”Ls

œ±j’d LXkR˚WVÙ”eLs: œ±l◊ RVÙo NnŸeLs.

47

£fl™ J⁄jß UQ≠p £X ◊u˚]dLÙnL˚[ ˚Yj’ Æ˚[VÙ•

]Ùs. U\kRÙt˙TÙp J⁄ ◊u˚]dLÙ˚V UQ≠p Æh”f ˘Nu\Ùs.

£X SÙhL∞p A’ ÿ˚[j’f N•VÙ]’. £fl™´u RÙn, ""Cf˘N•˚V

ø Y[oj’ YÙ; E]dœ C’ RUd˚L TÙu\’'' Gu\Ùs. N• UWUÙ]’;

£fl™ R˚XÆVÙ]Ùs. J⁄SÙs R˚XYu Ru R˚XÆ˚Vj ˙R•l

◊u˚] UW®Z≠p Yk’ ®u\Ùu. Al˘TÙ›’ R˚XÆ, ""CmUWm

Gu‡Pu ©\kR N˙LÙR¨ AYs ÿu ˙TN G]dœ ˘YhLUÙL

C⁄d°\’; ˙Yfl J⁄ CPjßp Nkßl˙TÙm YÙ'' Gu\Ùs.

˙U˙X ·\lThP ®Lrf£ CWiPÙ´Wm Bi”Lfidœ ÿtThP’.

AdLÙXj’ UdLs UWj˚Rd·P U≤RoL[ÙLl TÙÆjRÙoLs;

CVt˚L˙VÙ” C˚Qk’ YÙrkRÙoLs. EQ‹, E˚\ÆPm, E˚P

Cu‡m ©\ TZdL YZdLeL∞p CVt˚L YÙr‹ YÙrkRÙoLs.

B]Ùp Cufl SÙm GlT• YÙr°˙\Ùm? Gi¶l TÙol˙TÙm.

Ei‘m EQ‹Ei‘m EQ‹Ei‘m EQ‹Ei‘m EQ‹Ei‘m EQ‹

Cufl SÙm Ei‘m EQ‹ ™L‹m ˘NVt˚LVÙ°l ˙TÙnÆhP’.

LÙ©, Røo, LÙXÙ TÙ]eLs SU’ SÙh”l TÙ]eL˙[ ApX. A˚Y

E´o Y[ol˙TÙm

CVt˚L˙VÙ” C˚Qk’ YÙr˙YÙmCVt˚L˙VÙ” C˚Qk’ YÙr˙YÙmCVt˚L˙VÙ” C˚Qk’ YÙr˙YÙmCVt˚L˙VÙ” C˚Qk’ YÙr˙YÙmCVt˚L˙VÙ” C˚Qk’ YÙr˙YÙm

48

◊tfl ˙SÙn Y⁄m YØLs...

SÙm Eh˘LÙ-sfim RY\Ù] EQ‹ Y˚LLs, SÙm

œ•´⁄d-œm —tfll◊\ „r®˚X-Ls, SÙm ˘NnŸm

˘RÙØp ÍXUÙL‹m Smÿ˚PV Au\Ù-Pm BPm-

TWl TZdLeL[Ù¤m ◊t-fl- SÙn EiPÙ°\’. £L˘Wh

◊˚L, ˘Yt±˚X, ◊˚L´˚X ˙TÙu-\-Yt-±u

ET˙VÙLm ÷˚W¬Wp Lu]l ◊tfl˙SÙndœd

LÙWQUÙL A˚U°u\].

(1) EQ‹ Y˚L

N¨VÙL ˙YLÙR ˘LÙ›l◊f Nj’s[ C˚\f£, ¡u

Y˚LLs, Èf£d˘LÙp≠ U⁄k’ A[‹dœ AßLUÙL

˘R∞dLlThP TZeLs, LÙn L±Ls, AßLUÙL

˘UpXlT”m ˘Yt±˚X, ◊˚L´˚X CYt±]Ùp

GpXÙm ◊tfl˙SÙn EP≠p Y[WXÙm.

EQ‹l ˘TÙ⁄hL˚[l T∞f£P ˚YlTRtLÙL

®XdL¨´≠⁄k’ EiPÙœm J⁄ ˘TÙ⁄˚[

ÆVÙTÙ¨Ls TVuT”j’°\ÙoLs. TtT˚N ERh”f

NÙVm, R˚Xÿ• Gi˘Qn B°V Yt±¤m

AR˚]f ˙Nod°\ÙoLs. CR]Ùp ◊tfl ˙SÙn

Y⁄°u\’. NÙdL¨u G]lT”m C≤l◊l ˘TÙ⁄fim

◊tfl ˙SÙ˚V HtT”j’ °\’. ˘TÙ’YÙLd L⁄°V

®˚X´p Es[ EQ‹l ˘TÙ⁄sLs, ◊tfl ˙SÙn

EiPÙLd LÙWQUÙ°u\]. Gi˘Qn˚V 200oC(392F) A[‹dœ˙Up LÙnf£ EQ‹ RVÙ¨d˚L´p

A’ ◊tfl˙SÙn R⁄°\’.

LÙl©d ˘LÙh˚P˚Vd L⁄L YfljRÙp Aßp

UÙh˙WÙp (Matrol) G]lT”m ˘TÙ⁄s EiPÙœm.

AkRl ˘TÙ⁄s ◊tfl ˙SÙndœd LÙWQUÙœm.

—T. NRÙ£Ym

˘Y∞SÙ”L∞≠⁄k’ SU’ SÙh•tœs ÷˚ZkR˚Y. SU’ RhT˘YlT

®˚Xdœ C[øo, ˙UÙo, T˚ZV ˙NÙtfløo ÿR≠V˚YL˙[ Ht\˚Y.

SU’ SÙh” UdLs TÙ˚Xd·Pl TVuT”jRÙUp R´WÙL‹m

˙UÙWÙL‹m UÙt\m ˘Nn’ TVuT”jß Y⁄°\ÙoLs. Hu? TÙp

EP¤dœ YlTj˚R A∞dœm. R´⁄m UÙ⁄m œ∞of£˚Vj R⁄m.

U’TÙ]eLs SU’ EP˚X ˘Yœ Æ˚WÆp TX™ZdLf ˘NnŸm.

B]Ùp LÙ©Ÿm Rø⁄m LÙgN LÙXm LØj’l TX™ZdLf NnŸm

AqY[‹RÙu ˙YflTÙ”.

Gi˘Qn´p G”dLlThP TiPeLs,

NodL˚W´]Ùp RVÙ¨dLlThP EQ‹Ls,

˙RÙp E¨dLlThP RÙ≤VeLs ˛ T⁄l◊Ls

ÿR≠V˚Y ≈h” EQ‹L˙[ ApX. A˚Y

KhPpLÙWoLfim ÆVÙTÙ¨Lfim UdL˚[d

LYoYRtLÙL E⁄YÙdœm ˙TÙ≠ EQ‹Ls!

AYt±p GjR˚] GjR˚] CWNÙV]

YiQeLs! LXlTPd LX˚YLs! SÙsThP

Gi˘QnLs.

R™rSÙh•u ˘Ru UÙYhPeL∞p Cuflm

"ÿ˚[lTÙ ' Gufl J⁄ ÆZÙ SPj’°\Ùo Ls.

˘TiLs, RÙ≤VeLs ˛ TVflL˚[ ÿ˚[dL

˚Yj’ SÙt\Ùd° øiP˘RÙ⁄ Y¨˚NVÙLf

˘Nufl Bt±p C”°\ÙoLs. AdLÙXjßp

ÿ˚[Lh•V RÙ≤VeLs, TVflL˚[˙V

TVuT”jß Es[ÙoLs GuTRtœ CkR UW◊

YØThP ÆZÙ J⁄ G”j’dLÙhPÙL

Æ[eœ°\’. R™rSÙh” ÆZÙdL∞p L⁄m◊

ÿd°V CPm ˘Tfl°\’. L⁄m˚Tl TÙLÙd°

˘YpXdLh•VÙL UÙt±V ®Lrf£Ls TX

R™r CXd°Ve L∞p ˘NÙpXlTh•⁄d

°u\]. B]Ùp ˘Ys˚[f NodL˚W GuT’

©tLÙXjßp E⁄YÙ]RÙœm. L⁄m◊

CVt˚LVÙ]’. NodL˚W ˘NVt˚LVÙ]’.

BiPY‡dœl T˚PVp ˘TÙ⁄sL[ÙLj

˙ReLÙn, TZm, —iPp CYt˚\˙V T˚Pd

°\ÙoLs. ˙ReLÙn ˛ ˘LÙ›l◊, TZm ˛ UÙ‹l

˘TÙ⁄s, —iPp ˛ ◊WRm Cßp ˚YhP™u

Lfim RÙ’ El◊Lfim ®˚\k’s[].

49

˘SÙfle-Lj ßu-\Ùp Ëfl YV’

Ei‘m EQ˚Y Suœ Tt-L-[Ùp L•j’ ˘Uufl ßu-

\Ùp Ëfl YV’ Y˚W ˙SÙ´p-XÙ-Up YÙZ-XÙm Gu-T’

Cl-T-Z- UÙ-Ø- u ˘TÙ⁄s.Cl-T-Z- UÙ-Ø- p ˘SÙfleL

Gu-‡m ˘NÙp ˘SÙfleœm T•-VÙL, Á[Ù-œm T•-VÙL

Gu-fl ˘TÙ-⁄s R⁄m. Ei-‘m EQ‹ Tt-L-[Ù-¤m SÙd-

°-]Ù-¤m ·r- TÙp Suœ A˚Wd-Ll-T-Pp ˙Yi-”m,

Gu-T-Rt-LÙ-Lf ˘NÙp-Xl-Th-P-’.EP-≠p Tp- Yfl CVd-

Le-Ls S˚P- T\ EP-¤dœ Y[˚U R⁄-Y’ EQ-‹.

G]˙Y EPm˚T Y≠- U- VÙ” Yj-’d LÙs[ SpX

Nj-’s[ EQ˚Y Ei-Q- Yi-”m. YÙ´p CPl-T-”-m

EQ‹ Suœ SÙd-LÙp TtL[Ùp A˚Wd-Ll-T-Pp ˙Yi-

”m. Al- TÙ-›’ RÙu E™r-øo EQ-‹-Pu Su-\Ù-Ld

LXk’ EQ‹ C˚Wl- T- p ÀW-Q-UÙ-Y-Rtœ YN-ß-VÙL

C⁄d-œm.Ei-‘m EQ‹ Suœ A˚WdLl-T-PÙ-U-¤m,

E™r-ø- p LXd-Ll-T-PÙ-U-¤m Es˙[ ˘Np-¤m˙TÙ’ N -

VÙ-L ÀW-Qm BLÙ-’. AR-]Ùp AÀ-W-Qm Ht-T-”m. AÀ-

W-Qj-RÙp UXf-£d-Lp, YÙk-ß, Y´fl El-◊-Nm ˙TÙu\

TX ˙SÙn-L-fidœ CPm R⁄m. CYt˚\ GpXÙm R”l-

T-Rt-LÙ-L-j RÙu Cl-T-Z-˘UÙ-Ø-˚Vd ·fl-Yo. EPp

B˙WÙd-°-Vj’Pu SÙVt\ YÙrd˚L YÙZ, øiP SÙs-

Ls Ëfl YV’ Y˚W SX- UÙ” YÙZ Cl-T-Z- UÙ-Ø- Vd

L˚P-©-•dL ˙Yi-”m.

CjR˚LV CVt˚LVÙ] UW◊ YØlThP EQ‹L˚[ SÙm AXh£Vm

˘Nn’ÆPÙUp Xh£Vm ˘NnRp SXm TVdœm.

Gs Sn GuT˙R Gi˘Qn Gufl B]’. SÙm Cufl N˚UV¤dœl

TVuT”j’°u\ RÙYW Gi˘QnLs ©tLÙXjßp ˙RÙu±V˚Y.

˙ReLÙn CVt˚LVÙ]’. ˙ReLÙn Gi˘Qn ˘NVt˚LVÙ]’.

®XdLP˚X´p APe°Ÿs[ ◊WRm '©' ·h” ˚YhP™uLs,

˘Np¤˙XÙv ˙TÙu\˚Y. LP˚X Gi˘Qn´p °˚PV˙Y

°˚PVÙ’. Gs˚[d LÙh•¤m Gs Gi˘Qn

˘LÙ›l◊ APojß ™œßVÙ]’ GuT˚Rf

˘NÙpX‹m ˙Yi”˙UÙ? Cufl

˘RÙ˚XdLÙh£ ´p Y⁄m Gi˘Qn

Æ[mTWeL˚[d Li” UdLs

UVeœ°\ÙoLs.

EQ‹L˚[ CVt˚LVÙL˙Y Ei‘eLs.

UÙt\m ˘NnV ˙YiPÙm. ©Wh, ©vLh

˙TÙu\ ™L‹m ˙SojßVÙ] EQ‹L˚[

øeLs Ei¿oL˙[ VÙ]Ùp øeLfim ˙Soj

ßVÙ≈oLs; Y≠˚U CZl¿oLs. "·˚Zd

œ•jRYu œi”; ˙NÙt˚\j ßu\Yu

˘NÙj˚R' Gufl ·flYÙoLs. Lm◊, ˙LrYW

LÙp B] ·r ÿ›jRÙ≤VjRÙp B]’.

˙NÙfl RÙ¤¨dLlThP’. RÙ≤Vj ßu RÙp,

LZu\Ùp SU’ ˙RÙ¤m LZufl ˙TÙœm.

ARÙY’ ˘T¨˘T¨, ˘TpXÙ°WÙ Gu\

˙SÙnLs Y⁄m.

E”j’m E˚P

˘N¸ß A˙W©VÙÆp J⁄ œZk˚Rdœ

CRVj ’•l◊ ˙YLUÙL C⁄kR’. CRVj

’•l˚T CVp◊ ®˚Xdœd ˘LÙi”YW

PÙdPoLs Gu˘]u]˙YÙ ˘Nn’ TÙojRÙo

Ls. ÿ•VÆp˚X. L˚P£ VÙL AkRd

œZk˚R´u EP≠p C⁄kR ˚SXÙu

Nh˚P˚Vd LZt±]Ùo. CRVj’•l©u

˙YLm ˘UpXd œ˚\k’ CVp◊ ®˚Xdœ

YkR’. C’ Tjߨ˚L´p LÙQlThP Nnß.

˚SXÙu, TÙ≠vPo, LmT∞ ˙TÙu\ ’¶

’¨R EQ‹˙Ut-Lj-ßV LXÙf-NÙ-Wj-ßu RÙd-Lm SU’ TWm-T˚W

EQ‹l TZdL YZd-Lj- R-Ÿm UÙt-±-Æh-P-’. ’¨R

EQ-‹l TZd-Lm Cu- \V C[m R˚X-ÿ- \- -]-

˚Wl ˘T -’m Bd-°-W-™j’Æh-P-’. SÙL- L Y[of£

Gufl ·±d- LÙi”, T•j-R-Yo-L˙[ Re-Ls œZk- R-

L-fid-œj ’¨R EQ‹ Y˚L-L˚[ Fh• Y[ol-T’

Bf-N- -Vj- Rj R⁄-°-\-’. Cq-Y˚L EQ‹ œZk- R-

L-∞u EPp T⁄-U˚] Aß-L- d-Lf Nn-°u-\-’. EPp

T⁄-Uu Tp-˙Yfl ˙SÙnLfidœ ÍX-LÙ-W-Q-UÙL

A˚Uk-’-Æ-”-°-\’ Gu-T’ Ei- U.

NT-

421-

7-TA

MIL

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50

SXm R⁄m SÙh”˚Yj-ß-VSXm R⁄m SÙh”˚Yj-ß-VSXm R⁄m SÙh”˚Yj-ß-VSXm R⁄m SÙh”˚Yj-ß-VSXm R⁄m SÙh”˚Yj-ß-Vmmmmm˙NÙfliP ©u-RÙu SmYÙn

˘RÙh˙PÙøo œ•dL ˙Yi-”m

Bfl-UÙ-Rj ßt- LÙo SÙsø

A⁄k-’-U-⁄k ˚RYÙj ßd˙L

˙NÙfli-Pf £±’ ˙SWm

˙NÙm-T-≠pXÙ SPdL ˙Yi-”m.

˙NÙfl-P˙] L±- Vf ˙Noj-RÙp

˘RÙPÙ˙R Jo CW-Æu ©u˙]

˙NÙfl NÙl-©hP ©u RÙu Ri-Ωo œ•dL ˙Yi-”m.

Ei-‘m˙TÙ’ C˚P-´-˚P-´-˚P˙V Ri-Ωo

œ•d-Ld ·PÙ-’. (C˚P-´p œ•-˙Vp L˚P-´p

UW-˙Yp Gu-T’ TZ-˘UÙ-Ø) Bfl UÙRj-ßt-˙LÙo

SÙs YÙkß U⁄k’ Eh-˘LÙi” Y´-˚\j Án-

˚Ul-T-”jR ˙Yi-”m. ˙NÙfl EiP ©u◊ ˙NÙm-

T-≠u± £±-’- S-Wm SPdL ˙Yi-”m. ˙NÙfl-P˙]

˙NokR ◊XÙp L± N˚UjR EQ˚Y Jo CW-Æu

©u-◊m ˚Yj-’, Ufl-SÙs Ei-Qd-·-PÙ-’. Gk-Rf

˙NÙt-fl-Pu C˚\f£ N˚Uj’ C⁄k-RÙ-¤m N¨,

CW‹ Re° Ufl-SÙs AkR A¨£ ˙NÙt˚\ Ei-

Qd-·-PÙ-’. Al-T• Ei-T-RÙp EPp, œPp-˘L-

”m. T£d-œ- \-Ÿm ©j-Rm ·”m. £X ˙SWe-L-∞p

Sf— EQ-YÙL UÙ± YÙkß ˙Tß-VÙ° LÙnf-Np

Ht-T-”m G]˙Y CW‹ Re-°V L±f- NÙt˚\ Ei-

Qd-·-PÙ-’.

Y˚LLs ’˚YlTRtœm ˙RnlTRtœm G∞˚UVÙL C⁄dLXÙm.

B]Ùp A˚Y, EPp SXjßtœl T˚LVÙL C⁄d°u\]. Uj˚RLs,

R˚XV˚Q Ls, T”d˚L ƨl◊Ls ·P TÙ≠vPo ’¶´]Ùp

RVÙ¨dLlT”°u\]. T⁄jßj ’¶L˙[

CVt˚L VÙ]˚Y; EPp ÆVo˚Y˚V

E±gNd·•V˚Y.

TÙ≠vPo Nh˚PL˚[d LZtfl°u\˙TÙ’

SU’ EPp ˙WÙUeLs Æ˚\lTÙY˚R SÙm

LÙQXÙm. ˘NVt˚L C˚ZLs Sm

EP≠¤s[ DWj˙RÙ” EW—YRÙp EP˚Xf

NÙok’s[ ˙WÙUeLs ™u]Ùt\p

˘Tfl°u\]. ˚SXÙu, TÙ≠vPo, LmT∞

B°VYt˚\ G¨jRÙp NÙmTXÙLÙ’; E⁄œm.

G¨jRÙp NÙmTXÙ°u\ T⁄jßj ’¶

™u]ßof£˚V Ei” TiQÙ’; EP¤dœ

Ht\’.

E˚\ÆPm

Cufl UdLs YÙ›°u\ œ•´⁄l◊L˚[l

Tt±f ˘NÙpX˙Y ˙YiPÙm. ˘S⁄dLUÙ]

≈”Ls, —tfl Ußp —Yo ≈”Lfidœd

°˚PVÙ’. LÙt˙\ÙhPjßtœf N¨VÙ]

ÿ˚\´p _u]pLs Cp˚X. ≈h”j

˙RÙhPm Cp˚X. NVt˚LVÙ] ™uÆ£±d

LÙtflRÙu 24 U¶ ˙SWÿm.

J⁄SÙs ™uÆ£±˚V ™L AßL KhPjßp

˚Yj’Æh” Æ•VtLÙ˚X´p G›k˙Ru.

Gu]Ùp G›kß⁄dL˙Y ÿ•VÆp˚X.

AqY[‹ EPm◊ Y≠. øeLs ™uÆ£±d

LÙt±˙X ©\k’ Y[ok’ ÆhPRÙp

EeLfidœ EPm◊ Y≠ Ge˙L ˘R¨Vl

˙TÙ°\’. ™uÆ£±, SU’ EP≠p

˙RÙufl°u\ ÆVo˚Y˚V ™L ˙YLUÙLj

˘RÙPok’ EXojßd ˘LÙi˙P C⁄lTRÙp

EP≠p øo Y\h£ HtT”°\’. øo Y\h£´]Ùp CWjR KhPm

TÙßd°\’. C’˙Y EPm◊ Y≠dœd LÙWQUÙ°\’. ˙T⁄k’l

TVQjßu˙TÙ’m C˚R EQWXÙm. Ru ≈h˚Pf —jRUÙL

VÙd˚L˚V VÙl◊˚PjRÙn ˘Tt\Yo RÙm˘Tt\

VÙd˚LVÙp BV TVu˘LÙsL ˛ VÙd˚L

U˚XVÙ” Ug—˙TÙX ˙RÙu±Ut \Ùe˙L

®˚XVÙ’ øj’ Æ”m.

˘NÙpR[ok’ ˙LÙÌu±f ˙NÙokR S˚P´]WÙnl

TpLZufl TiPm TØLÙflm ˛ Cp ˘N±k’

LÙU ˘S±TP⁄m Li¶]Ùod(œ) Cp˚X˙V

SÙX•VÙo

51

˚Yjß⁄lTYoLs Ru SÙh˚PŸm —jRUÙL ˚Yjß⁄l TÙoLs.

EXLj˚RŸm ·P.

TZdL YZdLeLs

GiT’ YV’ UßdLjRdL °WÙUj’l ˘T¨VYo

J⁄Yo. EPm◊ N¨´pXÙR ®˚X´p SLWj’

U⁄j’YU˚]dœd˘LÙi” YWlThPÙo. U⁄j’Y

U˚]dœ YkR Ntfl˙SWjßp C\k’˙TÙ]Ùo.

U⁄j’ YoLs, ˘T¨VY¨u C\kR EP˚Xl

T¨˙NÙR˚] ˘NnR]o. LÙN˙SÙn, £fløWLd

˙LÙ[Ùfl, UXdœPp ◊tfl CmÍuflm T¨VYo

EP≠p Yk’, ©u]o œQU˚PkRRtLÙ]

A˚PVÙ[eLs C⁄kR]. CRuÍXm Ko A¨V

Ei˚U˚V ˘Y∞´hP]o.

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CVe-œm R™rj ß˚Wl-T-Pj-’- \˚V œ±d-œm. 1980 Y˚W,

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