On the following slides you will be asked a series of multiple choice

questions. Answer them as honestly as possible, and mark your

responses on the sheet provided.

Year 10 Personal Preferences Quiz

A) You immediately get involved and take a leadership position suggesting your group explores the Amazon.

B) Your group decides that you are exploring the Daintree rainforest, but you are not too fussed either way.

C) You want to focus on an Australian ecosystem so you encourage your group to explore the Great Barrier Reef.

D) You don’t enjoy group work and have no interest in ecosystems so you argue with your teacher to get out of it.

Q1. You are put in a group by your teacher to complete a group task on the function of an ecosystem.

A) Line up and buy one the day they’re released.

B) Wait until you’re friends have bought one, so you can try it out before you buy your own.

C) You stick with the phone you have, and when the time comes for a new one, you buy a less advertised brand.

D) Wait until someone gives you one.

Q2. A new iPhone is released, do you....

A) Ignore the fight and continue what you were doing.

B) Go and watch because a friend tells you to.

C) Run and watch and cheer the fight on.

D) Run and join in.

Q3. A fight breaks out in the school yard your initial reaction is to.....

A) You join the discussion, sticking up for your friend.

B) You don’t have Facebook, so you respond via a Twitter, once another friend has told you about it.

C) You don’t really want to get involved, but you feel obliged to say something.

D) You accuse the writer of defying the value of mateship, and state that they should give your friend a fair go.

Q4. A school mate has posted a lie about a good friend of yours on Facebook. How do you respond?

A) An adventure film with a Hollywood A list cast.

B) An Arthouse film that has won awards at overseas film festivals, but is not very well advertised in Australia.

C) An action film where the main protagonist saves the day and the world.

D) A romantic comedy, not because you like them, but because your best friend loves them and makes you watch it.

Q5. There are only four movies playing at your local theatre, which do you choose to see ....

A) A recipe you saw last night on MasterChef which your whole family talked about and thought looked delicious.

B) You order take out from the local Pizza shop.

C) Lasagne because you know it is your sisters favourite.

D) A meat pie with a side of chips, because it is your favourite.

Q6. Your parents are not home to cook dinner, and you have been put in charge of preparing a meal for your siblings, you choose to cook....

A) Decide not to go. You know the people who have organised the party and you know they are trouble makers, and it is likely to result in police being called.

B) Worry the party is going to get out of hand, but you are more anxious that you will be left out on Monday if you don’t attend.

C) Eagerly go, even though you are concerned that your football team is playing, so suggest that it televised in the back ground.

D) Enthusiastically accept the invitation and arrive right on the starting time.

Q7. A year 12 student at your school is having their 18th, everyone is invited and it could be the party of the year, do you....

A) You can’t be bothered choosing a sport, so you wait until one is assigned to you.

B) You choose the sport that your friends are doing so you can hang out with them on the day.

C) You immediately sign up for your favourite sport, so you don’t miss out.

D) You choose not to come to school that day.

Q8. A compulsory sports day has been organised by your school, what do you do?

A) Sun baking with your friends.

B) Swimming or Surfing.

C) Playing beach cricket.

D) Rock pooling.

Q9. It is hot and you are at the beach what are doing?

A) Alternative

B) Loyal

C) Easygoing

D) Enthusiastic

Q10. Which of the following words would your friends use to describe you?

Stop here and await you teacher’s instructions!!!

Q1. A = 1 B = 3 C = 2 D = 4

Q2. A = 1 B = 2 C = 4 D = 3

Q3. A = 4 B = 3 C = 2 D = 1

Q4. A = 1 B = 4 C = 3 D = 2

Q5. A = 1 B = 3 C = 4 D = 2

Q6. A = 1 B = 4 C = 3 D = 2

Q7. A = 4 B = 3 C = 2 D = 1

Q8. A = 3 B = 2 C = 1 D = 4

Q9. A = 3 B = 1 C = 2 D = 4

Q10.

A = 4 B = 2 C = 3 D = 1

Working out your score:By referring to your answers calculate your

score from the table below:

If your score is 10 - 19 Click Me

If your score is 20 - 24 Click Me

If your score is 25 - 33 Click Me

If your score is 34 - 40 Click Me

Breaking Down your ResultsMake me a Soldier.

You hear about the war on the radio in August of 1914, you learn of the assassination of a prince and instantly you are a keen to be a part of it. You enlist to fight as soon as you can, you are good on a horse and so are made a member of the Light Horse, which you think is grand, as it means you get a fancy feather in your hat.

As a result of early enlistment you begin your training in 1914, you train in Broadmeadows, then in Egypt and are shipped to Gallipoli and land with the first Australian landing near Ari Burnu ,on what will later become ANZAC day, 25th of April in 1915. You and your fellow soldiers struggle with the terrain and the obvious higher ground advantage that your Turkish opponents possess. You lose many new found friends in your first couple of months in Gallipoli.

In August your regiment is told they are going over the top, in an all out offensive against Johnny Turk, in a place called ‘The Nek’. You are a member of the second wave to leave the trenches. When the first wave leaves you realise that there is little hope of your survival as machine guns cut them down before they can gain much ground.

The whistle blows and you know it is your turn to go, so you do, because you figure that's what soldiers do, they follow orders. You are given the order to go, so you go. Just like the wave before you, you do not make much ground, the machine guns cut you and your fellow Light Horse members down, you die in the August sun of no man’s land.

Soldier A

To Continue

When the War broke out in 1914, you didn’t understand Australia’s role in it, nor did you see any threat to Australian territory in this ‘World War’

After reading the newspaper reports talking of the first Australian landing at Gallipoli and the courage of soldiers like ‘Lieutenant Jacka’ you are inspired, you gain a new found loyalty and respect for the Australian spirit.

You are aware of the death toll, but even so, choose to enlist. In doing so you are trained in Broadmeadows, then in Egypt and shipped to Northern France to take up defence of a little town called Villers Bretonneux.

You fight the German’s in trench warfare in close quarters. During one battle you suffer a bullet wound to the lower right torso.

You are aided by the brave men that are stretcher bearers and arrive at an advanced dressing station. Here you are treated for your wound but it becomes apparent to you that the wound is severe. You die in Northern France at the dressing station and are buried not far from where you died with other soldiers from the Imperial force.

Soldier B

To Continue

The idea of War confuses and scares you, you see the floods of young men rushing to enlist and the many propaganda posters encouraging Australian support of ‘The Mother Country’.

Initially no one seems too bothered that you do not enlist, but as the war reaches its second year, the pressure from everyone in your life becomes hard to bear. Your father thinks that you are a coward, his only son, and you will not fight, despite his war stories of his time spent fighting in South Africa during the Boar War. Your mother remains quiet on the issue.

The tipping point for you is when your best friend enlists and your next door neighbour (a young lady you have always liked) hands you a white feather. By this stage it is 1916 and the conscription debate is raging. You enlist in October just after the first conscription debate has failed.

You begin your service in France, but are transferred to a unit in Belgium and your first battle is in July of 1917, it is the Third Battle of Ypres (Passchendaele), you survive , but are injured. Despite your injuries you are given the rank of Lieutenant, for your leadership under fire. Your wounds heal and you fight many other battles, you survive the war and return to Australia.

Soldier C To Continue

You are a conscientious objector, you choose not to fight. The war rages for four years, and despite being largely ostracised from society for your beliefs you never choose to enlist.

You vote ‘No’ on both conscription referenda in 1916 and 1917. You encounter constant abuse in the streets and at your workplace for being a ‘coward’. Many women give you white feathers, in an effort to convince you to enlist.

What these judging members of the public do not know is that you have lost 2 brothers to the War, one in Gallipoli. He was in the 4th field ambulance and died not long after landing on the 25th of April 1915, and your other brother on the Western Front in one of the battles on the Somme. You are the last son left in your family and you know your mother could not take losing you too.

D – Conscientious Objector

To Continue

Primary and secondary source information about what life was

like for soldiers during World War One.

A Soldiers Life

As you read through the information and view the photographs answer the focus

questions on your handout.

Australian soldiers fought and trained across various continents and countries during World War One.

While we fought and trained in Australia, Egypt, England, Palestine and other parts of Asia and Africa, our most famous battles were in....

Turkey – On the Gallipoli Peninsula and

France – On the Western Front

Introduction

For a map of Europe outlining these to battle zones

“Their’s not to reason why, their’s but to do or die” Alfred Lord Tennyson

The Gallipoli Campaign

The allied offensive to the Gallipoli peninsula was meant to be simple enough:

As British Prime Minster Winston Churchill said to his cabinet ministers in 1915: “A good army of 50,000 men and sea power – that is the end of the Turkish menace.”

The British Navy began the attack on Turkey bombarding the Dardanelles. The British wanted to break through to Constantinople (Istanbul), the Turkish capital, and force Turkey, Germany’s ally, out of the war.

The sole aim was to enable Britain’s ally Russia safe passage to ships through the Dardanelles and to open a southern front against Austria-Hungary.

Gallipoli

Gallipoli

Interesting Fact:

Gallipoli in Turkish is: ‘Gelibolu’

Gallipoli – ANZAC Legend Australian involvement in the Gallipoli campaign began

on April 25th 1915 with our initial landing, in an area that would later be called ‘Anzac Cove’

The most famous battles from the ANZAC campaign came out of the ‘August Offensive’.

During this offensive Australian troops took up a number of diversionary actions, aimed at tying down Turkish troops to the Anzac position to allow Allied units secure advance to significant Turkish strongholds like Chunuk Bair and Hill 971.

The Sphinx from the beach at ANZAC cove

Unfortunately the reality of war meant that these plans were not realised and instead there was a massive loss of life with no real gain in terms of land or position.

Soldier’s Writing at GallipoliLetter Dr Samuel Richard, 28th of April 1915. “I landed here

on Australia’s historical day under fierce rifle and shell fire, having to wade ashore through water up to my armpits, and race for cover. The first days were awful – blood, bandages, dying and dead men, but not a groan. For three days and two nights I did not lie down.

Diary Entry Sergeant Lawerence of the Australian Engineers, Gallipoli. “There were hundreds on the beach and one of the shells burst over a latrine up on the hillside. The men sit on this, which is just a beam supported at each over a long hole, like a lot of sparrows on a perch. There is nothing to hide them from the view and they look extremely funny to see all their bare bums in a row... One burst over this latrine. In the scatter that followed, none waited to even pull their trousers up. The roar of laughter that went up could have been heard for miles. It’s only these little humorous happenings that keep things going here.”

Australian light horsemen using a periscope rifle, Gallipoli 1915

British Troops ascend a hill at GallipoliPrivate Victor Laidlaw, 2nd Australian field Ambulance

“We were very lucky today, in getting fresh fish, these fish are got by bombs, the concussion temporarily stuns them and you just wade ints the sea and pick them up”

General William Birdwood ANZAC Corps “The Turkish soldier will give his life for his country without hesitation. He is a tough and brave solider but when a cease fire is called he is gentle and humane. He will bandage the wound of his enemy and carry him on his back to save his life. Such a soldier hasn’t been seen before on this earth.”

Soldier’s Writing at Gallipoli

Soldier’s Writing at GallipoliDiary Entry Signaller Ellis Silas 16th Battalion AIF. 11th of

May 1915 “ The roll is called – how heart-breaking it is – name after name is called; the reply a deep silence which can be felt, despite the noise of the incessant cracking of rifles and screaming of shrapnel – there are few of us left to answer our names – just a thin line of weary, ashen-faced men, there they have of silent forms, once our comrades – there they have been for days, we have not had time to bury them.”

Account from Red Cross Files Sergeant Joseph McKinley, 15th Battalion AIF “The men fell under furious fire. It was terrible; the men were falling like rabbits. Many were calling for mothers and sisters. They fell a good way, in many cases, from the Turkish lines.” It was commonly believed that McKinley was killed on that morning during the advance. He was never seen again.

Soldier’s Writing at GallipoliLetter Major Thomas Redford, 8th Light Horse

Regiment, “Our gallant major, whilst lying facing the enemy's trench in the front of his men received a bullet through his brain as he raised his head slightly to observe. He died with a soft sigh and laid his head gently on his hands as if tired. A braver and more honorable man never donned uniform.”

Major Redford died shortly after dawn on the 7th August 1915 during his regiment's famous charge at the Nek.

Soldier’s Writing at GallipoliLetter Lieutenant Colonel William Malone, New

Zealand Solider, August 1915 “I am prepared for death and hope that God will have forgiven me all my sins.”

Extract of poem.....Hereafter“Bury the body – it has served its end; Mark the spot, but ‘On Gallipoli’.Let it be said ‘he died’. Oh!Hearts of friendsIf am worth it, keep my memory.”Captain James Sprent

Interesting Fact:

Turkish soldiers killed during the defence of their land in the Gallipoli campaign equalled 36,000 more than Allied deaths combined, a total of 86,692 men.

Gallipoli

Interesting Fact:

ANZAC names for battles at Gallipoli were different to the names the Turkish used. E.g. We called a battle ‘The Nek’ while the Turkish called it ‘Courage Hill’. We called a battle ‘Lone Pine’ while the Turkish called it ‘Bloody Hill’.

Soldier’s Writing at GallipoliRegimental Medical Officer, 15th Battalion AIF “The

condition of the men of the battalion was awful. Thin, haggard, as weak as kittens and covered with suppurating sores. The total strength of the battalion was two officers and 170 men. If we had been in France the men would have been sent to hospital.”

Diary Entry New Zealand Soldier, December 1915 – During the Evacuation from Gallipoli “I hope our poor pals who lie all around us sleep soundly, and do not stir in discomfort as we go filing away from them forever.”

So Long Turkey, will see you later, by Hal Eure 1915 - Sydney Daily Telegraph

Graves at Gallipoli – Many soldiers struggled with the idea of leaving their mates in the hands of the enemy

Extract from ‘Anzac’Ah, well! We’re gone! We’re out of it now. We’ve got something else to do.

But we all look back from the transport deck to the land-line far and blue:

Shore and valley are faded; fading are cliff and hill;

The land-line we called “Anzac” ... And we’ll call it “Anzac” still.

Better there than in France, though, with the German’s dirty work:

I reckon the Turk respects us, as we respect the Turk;

Abdul’s a good, clean fighter – we’ve fought him, and we know –

And we’ve left a letter behind to tell him we found him so.

Not just to say precisely, “Good-bye,” but “Au revoir”!

Somewhere or other we’ll meet again, before the end of the war

But hope it’ll be in a wider place, with a lot more room on the map,

And the airmen over the fight that day ‘ll see a bit of a scrap!

We’ll We’re gone. We’re out of it all! We’ve somewhere else to fight.

And we strain our eyes from the transport deck, but “Anzac” is out of sight!

Valley and shore are vanished; vanished are cliff and hill;

And we’ll never go back to “Anzac” But I think some of us will!

Oliver Hogue’s Trooper Bluegum at the Dardanelles 1916

Charles W Bean was Australia’s War correspondent at Gallipoli, and often when reading first hand accounts of the conditions, the characters and the fighting it is from Bean’s writings that we gain an understanding of what life was like in Gallipoli.

It is fitting then that the last primary source quote from Gallipoli that you are left with should come from Bean....

“ANZAC stood, and still stands, for reckless valour in a good cause, for enterprise, resourcefulness, fidelity, comradeship and endurance that will never own defeat.”

Charles W Bean

“Their’s not to reason why, their’s but to do or die” Alfred Lord Tennyson

The Western Front

Fighting on the Western Front began as quickly as the War itself. German troops enacting the ‘Schlieffen plan’ attempted to push through Belgium and Luxemburg to circle around and capture France. It was during this attempt that Allied soldiers from Belgium, France and the British Empire locked them down into trench warfare, that would last the entirety of the War.

Australian soldiers arrived on the Western Front in April of 1916. Having established a reputation for themselves at Gallipoli they became known as ‘diggers’. From this arrival Australian soldiers fighting in the Australian Imperial Force (AIF) fought and died in Europe for the rest of the war.

The Western Front

For a map of the Schlieffen plan

They fought in virtually all the major campaigns of the British Expeditionary Force (BEF) against the German Army. In places like, Ypres, the Somme, Fromelle, Villers-Bretonneux, Passchendaele and Bullecourt.

It was on the Western Front that Australian soldiers were preparing to go to battle once more, when on the 11th of November 1918, the Armistice was declared.

During those two and a half years 295,000 Australian soldiers fought on the Western Front and 179,537 – 60 percent – became casualties. More than 46,000 of them were killed in action or died of wounds.

The Western Front

Interesting Fact:

The term casualty does not mean killed it refers to any soldier that was captured, missing, wounded or killed.

Top Left - Soldier from the Worcester regiment march to the Western Front

Above - British Soldiers in the trenches on the Western Front

Bottom Left – Trenches on the Western Front

Letter Private James Mitchell, 17th October, 1914. “We started away just after dawn from our camp and I think it was about an hour later that we encountered the enemy. They were on the opposite side of the valley and as we came over the brow of the hill they opened on us with rifle fire and shrapnel from about 900 yards. We lost three officers and about 100 men killed and wounded in that half hour. I do not want any more days like that one. (this section censored) Anyway we drove the Germans back and held them there for eight days. I cannot tell you all I should like to, as it would never reach you.”

Diary Entry Sergeant A. Vine, 8th August, 1915. “The stench of the dead bodies now is awful as they have been exposed to the sun for several days, many have swollen and burst. The trench is full of other occupants, things with lots of legs, also swarms of rats”

Soldier’s Writing on the Western Front

Letter Corporal Gregory, October, 1915. “Reaching a trench which we took to be a dead-end, we discovered our mistake when about twenty Germans suddenly appeared in our rear and one German opened fire on us. We shipped our machine-gun round and covered them. They immediately offered to surrender - shouting almost in unison: "No shoot, we got children at home, war fini.”

Letter (not censored)Private Stanley Terry, November 1915. “We have just come out of the trenches after being in for six days and up to our waists in water. While we were in the trenches one of the Germans came over to our trench for a cigarette and then back again, and he was not fired at. We and the Germans started walking about in the open between the two trenches, repairing them, and there was no firing at all. I think they are all getting fed up with it.”

Soldier’s Writing on the Western Front

An aerial view of opposing trench lines between Loos and Hulluch (The Western Front), July 1917.

German trenches at the right and bottom, British at the top-left.

Interesting Fact:

The trenches at Gallipoli were at times not more than 12 metres apart.

Interview - Arthur Savage British Solider "My memories are of sheer terror and the horror of seeing men sobbing because they had trench foot that had turned gangrenous. They knew they were going to lose a leg."

Soldier’s Writing on the Western Front

Top – British Soldier in flooded trenchesRight - A solider suffering from ‘Trench Foot’

Steps to Trench Foot:1. Feet Swell2. Feet turn blue3. Feet become stiff4. Feet develop gangrene5. In Advance stages toes and

even entire feet fall off.

A sentry in a trench near La Boiselle during the Battle of Somme, July 191615th of December 1916

after the Battle of Verdun

Dug outs used during 2nd battle of Ypres

Interesting Fact:

When the War began people though it would be over by Christmas, a small 5 month War.How wrong they were.

Letter, Lionel Crouch, 1917. “I can't sleep in my dugout, as it is over-run with rats. Pullman slept here one morning and woke up to find one sitting on his face. I can't face that, so I share Newbery's dug-out.”

Guy Chapman, a junior officer in the Royal Fusiliers.“I glanced down the casualty reports. One name stood out above all others. "Private Turnbull, S.I.W." A bullet fired deliberately at the foot was the only way out. Perhaps those who call this man a coward will consider the desperation to which he was driven, to place his rifle against the foot, and drive through the bones and flesh the smashing metal. Let me hope that the court-martial's sentence was light. Not that it matters, for, in truth, the real, the real sentence had been inflicted long ago.”

Soldier’s Writing on the Western Front

Letter, A.H. McKibbin, 15 October 1918. “Human life is the least prized of all things in a war of this magnitude, the masses manure the soil of a foreign land, and the Military heads get D.S.O.'s,V.C.'s, and the other rewards, never honestly won, while never once risking their precious skins.”

Soldier’s Writing on the Western Front

Interesting Fact:

The Victoria Cross (VC) was during World War 1 and remains the highest honour a soldier can receive. Eleven Victoria Crosses were awarded to Australians at Gallipoli.

Above - Respirators used to protect from German gas attack

Top Left - AIF Trooper on the Western Front

Bottom Left – German Soldiers a the battle of Verdun

Now you have discovered the type of soldier you would have been, had you been alive in 1914, and read some first hand examples of what life was like during the war, you now have a series of jobs to complete.

Firstly if you were soldier A, B, or C you will need to complete an enlistment form. These can be collected from the local recruitment office (given it is 2011 – this will be your teacher). If you were soldier D, you will need to collect a white feather from your teacher and a poem.

Your Task:

Secondly you will need to complete an in-PowerPoint blog.When you move to the next slide press {Esc} to move out

of Slideshow mode. Once on this slide you will see an Australian soldiers hat

and a speech bubble. Using your school photograph or another photograph of yourself should you have one, insert the picture of yourself under the hat (set it as behind text in picture tools).

In the speech bubble provided write a blog that describes how you feel given your new found World War 1 identity and what that means for your life in/during The Great War.

These will be presented to the class.

Your Task:

{insert your name here} – {Begin your blog here}

{Insert your Photograph

here}

If you are D - Conscientious Objector you may delete the hat.

Bedson. C & Darlington. R (2007) Humanities Alive 4 second edition. Jacaranda Press, Milton

Carlyon. L (2002) Gallipoli. Macmillian, Sydney.Evans. M (2008) Battles of WW1. Arcturus Publishing,

London.King. J & Bowers, M (2005) Gallipoli: Untold stories.

Transworld Publishers, Milsons Point.Reid. R (2009) The ANZAC Walk Gallipoli in a day.

Department of Veterans’ Affairs, Canberra.Reid. R (2002) Gallipoli 1915. ABC Books, SydneySellman. R (1961) The First World War. Methuen’s

Outlines, LondonWaters. F (2007) A Corner of a Foreign Field.

Transatlantic Press, Croxley Green.

Bibliography - Books

Australian War Memorial - www.awm.gov.au – Accessed 13/11/10

Spartacus Education - www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk - Accessed 13/11/10

Australians on the Western Front 1914 - 1918 - www.ww1westernfront.gov.au - Accessed 15/11/10

Wikipedia Trench Warfare - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trench_warfare - Accessed 14/11/10

The First World War.com - www.firstworldwar.com – Accessed 14/11/10

Documentary – ‘Boys of the Dardanelle’s. Australian War Memorial.

Bibliography - Internet / DVD

Make sure you have completed all your tasks:•Multiple Choice responses•Notes on your Soldier

•Focus Questions•PowerPoint Blog

•Enlistment Form / Poem

Make Me a Soldier

End PowerPoint

The Western Front between France, Belgium and Germany. The position of the Front change during the course of the war – moving forward and backwards between the Allies and the Central Powers

The Gallipoli peninsula, situated on the European side of Turkey, at the opening of the Dardanelle strait.

To Return

The aim for Germany from this plan was to take France out of the War quickly and avoid being attacked on both sides by France and Russia.

The Schlieffen plan

To Return