Written Elements

Words:

Phrases:

Clauses:

Sentences:

Paragraphs:

“Atomic” level

Related words

Subject and verb

Independent expression

Unity and coherence

The atmospheric CO2 concentration will continue to increase for many decades into the future because it would be very disruptive to rapidly terminate use of fossil fuels around the world.

http://www.usgcrp.gov/usgcrp/nacc/default.htm

The Consumer Product Safety Commission is aware that more than 30 deaths involving functionally identical worm probes have occurred when consumers were electrocuted by contacting the exposed metal shafts and shocked by touching the ground in the vicinity of the world.

The Consumer Product Safety Commission is aware that more than 30 deaths involving functionally identical worm probes have occurred when consumers were electrocuted by contacting the exposed metal shafts and shocked by touching the ground in the vicinity around the world.

The Consumer Product Safety Commission is aware that more than 30 deaths involving functionally identical worm probes have occurred when consumers were electrocuted by contacting the exposed metal shafts and shocked by touching the ground use of fossil fuels around the world.

The Consumer Product Safety Commission is aware that more than 30 deaths involving functionally identical worm probes have occurred when consumers were electrocuted by contacting the exposed metal shafts and would be very disruptive to rapidly terminate use of fossil fuels around the world.

• The Consumer Product Safety Commission is aware that more than 30 deaths involving functionally identical worm probes have occurred because it would be very disruptive to rapidly terminate use of fossil fuels around the world.

• The Consumer Product Safety Commission is aware that more than 30 deaths involving functionally identical worm probes have Because it would be very disruptive to rapidly terminate use of fossil fuels around the world.

The atmospheric CO2 concentration will continue to increase for many decades into the future because it would be very disruptive to rapidly terminate use of fossil fuels around the world.

Eight Parts of Speech

Nouns:

Pronouns:

Verbs:

Adjectives:

Adverbs:

Prepositions:

Conjunctions:

Interjections:

Name things, persons, events, concepts

Replace nouns

Express doing or being

Modify nouns or pronouns

Modify verbs, adjective, or adverbs

Relate a noun to rest of sentence

Connect other words

Express emotion directly

The atmospheric CO2 concentration will continue to increase for many decades into the future because it would be very disruptive to rapidly terminate use of fossil fuels around the world.

NounsPronounsVerbsAdjectives

AdverbsPrepositionsConjunctionsInterjections

The atmospheric CO2 concentration will continue to increase for many decades into the future because it would be very disruptive to rapidly terminate use of fossil fuels around the world.

NounsPronounsVerbsAdjectives

AdverbsPrepositionsConjunctionsInterjections

NounsPronounsVerbsAdjectives

AdverbsPrepositionsConjunctionsInterjections

The atmospheric CO2 concentration will continue to increase for many decades into the future because it would be very disruptive to rapidly terminate use of fossil fuels around the world.

NounsPronounsVerbsAdjectives

AdverbsPrepositionsConjunctionsInterjections

The atmospheric CO2 concentration will continue to increase for many decades into the future because it would be very disruptive to rapidly terminate use of fossil fuels around the world.

NounsPronounsVerbsAdjectives

AdverbsPrepositionsConjunctionsInterjections

The atmospheric CO2 concentration will continue to increase for many decades into the future because it would be very disruptive to rapidly terminate use of fossil fuels around the world.

NounsPronounsVerbsAdjectives

AdverbsPrepositionsConjunctionsInterjections

The atmospheric CO2 concentration will continue to increase for many decades into the future because it would be very disruptive to rapidly terminate use of fossil fuels around the world.

NounsPronounsVerbsAdjectives

AdverbsPrepositionsConjunctionsInterjections

The atmospheric CO2 concentration will continue to increase for many decades into the future because it would be very disruptive to rapidly terminate use of fossil fuels around the world.

NounsPronounsVerbsAdjectives

AdverbsPrepositionsConjunctionsInterjections

The atmospheric CO2 concentration will continue to increase for many decades into the future because it would be very disruptive to rapidly terminate use of fossil fuels around the world.

NounsPronounsVerbsAdjectives

AdverbsPrepositionsConjunctionsInterjections

The atmospheric CO2 concentration will continue to increase for many decades into the future because it would be very disruptive to rapidly terminate use of fossil fuels around the world. Damn!

Using Nouns

Subject:

Complement:

Object:

Appositive:

Direct address:

Identifies who or what the sentence is about

Says something about the subject

Identifies who or what is acted on

Explains or identifies other nouns

Identifies who or what is being addressed

Noun as subject

The atmospheric CO2 concentration will continue to increase .

Noun as complement

Any plan to rapidly terminate the use of fossil fuels would be a disruption to the world economy.

Noun as object

It would be very disruptive to rapidly terminate the use of fossil fuels around the world.

Noun as appositive

The concentration of atmospheric CO2, pollution, according to United States Supreme Court opinion Massachusetts v. EPA, will continue to increase for many decades into the future.

Noun as direct address

Dear Consumer:

Get ready for electric cars.

Using Pronouns

• Kinds (personal, interrogative, relative, demonstrative, indefinite, reflexive, intensive)

• Cases (subjective, possessive, objective)

Using Verbs

• Agreement

• Transitive vs. intransitive

• Tense

• Voice

• Mood

• Verbals

Agreement

Singular: The rising level of atmospheric CO2 is…

Plural: The rising levels of atmospheric CO2 are…

Transitive vs. Intransitive Verbs

Intransitive: The atmospheric CO2 concentration will rise for many decades.

Transitive: The continued use of fossil fuels around the world will raise the atmospheric CO2 concentration.

Verb Tense

Present: The rising level of atmospheric CO2 is…Past: The rising level of atmospheric CO2 was…Future: The rising level of atmospheric CO2 will be…Perfect: The rising level of atmospheric CO2 has been…Past perfect: The rising level of atmospheric CO2 had been…Future perfect: The rising level of atmospheric CO2 will have

been…

Verb Voice

Active: The continued use of fossil fuels around the world will raise the atmospheric CO2 concentration.

Passive: The atmospheric CO2 concentration will be raised by the continued use of fossil fuels around the world .

Verb Mood

Indicative: The atmospheric CO2 concentration will rise for many decades.

Imperative: Stop the use of fossil fuels around the world.

Conditional: If the world were to rapidly terminate use of fossil fuels, the global economy would be disrupted.

Verbals

Participle: Rising levels of atmospheric CO2 may be contributing to global warming.

Infinitive: It would be very disruptive to terminate use of fossil fuels.

Gerund: Terminating the use of fossil fuels around the world would disrupt the global economy.

Using Adjectives and Adverbs

• Adjectives vs. adverbs

• Positive, comparative, superlative

Adjectives: The atmospheric CO2 concentration will continue to increase for many decades.

Adverbs: It would be severely disruptive to very rapidly terminate use of fossil fuels around the world.

Adjectives and adverbs

Positive: To rapidly terminate the use of fossil fuels is a bad policy because it would be disruptive for the global economy.

Comparative: To rapidly terminate the use of fossil fuels is a worse policy because it would be more disruptive for the global economy.

Superlative: To rapidly terminate the use of fossil fuels is the worst policy because it would be the most disruptive for the global economy.

Degrees of Adjectives and adverbs

Using Conjunctions

• Coordinating (for, and, nor, but, or, yet, so)

• Subordinating (if, because, although, etc.)

• Independent vs. dependent clauses

Coordinating Conjunction: The atmospheric CO2 concentration will continue to increase for many decades into the future, for it would be very disruptive to rapidly terminate the use of fossil fuels around the world.

Subordinating Conjunction: The atmospheric CO2 concentration will continue to increase for many decades into the future because it would be very disruptive to rapidly terminate the use of fossil fuels around the world.