Worldwide Tugs in Numbers and A Focus on Europe

UZMAR Workboat and Tug FactoryMEng Sadik MEMIS

Project Engineer / Marketing & Sales

The Objective

• This is an informative study of understanding the relationships between Bollard Pull, Length, Gross Tonnage, Propulsion Systems, Horse Power, Built Years of the Worldwide tug fleet and a focus on Europe

• The effects of the World economic climate on the demand for towage services

• Forecast for very large ship size

Sources

Data is collected for Terminal and Harbour Tugs from:• ETA Contribution of Members Data 2014• Marcon International, Inc. Publications, 2013• Tug Operators’ Web Data• World Trade Organisation Report, 2013• United Nations Economic and Social Commission for

Asia and the Pacific Reports, 2013• United Nations Conference on Trade and

Development Reports, 2013

Top 20 Worldwide Tug Fleets*listed by Flag

World Total HP Through Years

1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 20131,000,000

1,250,000

1,500,000

1,750,000

2,000,000

2,250,000

2,500,000

Years

Tota

l Hor

se P

ower

/ b

HP

Increase of Large Vessel Traffic due to Worldwide Sea Trade of Energy, Raw Material and Container Shipping Demand affected the TBPs over years after 2010

Worldwide Tugs by Bollard Pull vs Built Year

1970 1974 1978 1982 1986 1990 1994 1998 2002 2006 2010 20140

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

Built Year

Bolla

rd P

ull /

TBP

Concentration of Higher BP New Buildings Tugs after 2003 due to increasing vessel size

European Tugs by Bollard Pull vs Built Year

1970 1974 1978 1982 1986 1990 1994 1998 2002 2006 2010 20140

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

Built Year

Bolla

rd P

ull /

TBP

2003

The Same Pattern Exists for Europe: Increasing Vessel Size and Higher BP New Building Tugs After 2003

Worldwide vs European Tugs by Propulsion Types

Europe utilizes advanced tugnology than the rest of the world

Sin-gle

Screw

23%

Twin Screw57%

Z-Driv

e16%

Voith4%

European Tugs Worldwide Tugs

Single Screw21%

Twin

Screw

19%

Z-Driv

e49%

Voith11%

Worldwide Tugs by Gross Tonnage vs Bollard Pull

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 1000

100

200

300

400

500

600

Bollard Pull / TBP

Gros

s Ton

nage

300 GT and 500 GT are the regularity caps for Tugs

European Tugs by Bollard Pull vs Power & Length

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 9505

1015202530354045505560657075808590

100 bHP Linear (100 bHP) Metre

Linear (Metre)

Bollard Pull / TBP

by V

alue

s

Tug length vs BP is optimized for confined harbour areas and vessel sizes

25 m length and 30 to 45 TBP 32 m length and 60 to 75 TBP

Summary of Tug Orders by Years and Horsepower

19961997

19981999

20002001

20022003

20042005

20062007

20082009

20102011

20122013

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

400

450

0- 2999HP

3000-5999HP

6000-8999HP

9000 Plus HP

Years

Num

bers

0 to 2999 BHP Tugs mostly conventional and the demand for 3000 to 6000+ BHP Tugs increased since 2009 due to more frequent larger Vessels calls and partly driven by speculative orders

Worldwide Tug Deliveries by Propeller Types 2013

Conventional47%

Z-Drive51%

Voith2%

The demand for higher tugnology is increasing

Worldwide Tugs On Orders Over 299 GRT in 2013 by Building Countries

Malaysia

Vietnam

RomaniaBrazil

Indonesia USAIndia

Russia

SingaporeCuba

Serbia

UAE

Chinese TaipeiPeru

Azarb

eijan

ColombiaLib

ya

Ukraine0

102030405060708090

100110120130

Built by Country

Num

ber o

f Tug

s

Majority of new building are in Far East due to low pricing

Global Maritime Pace by Volume (Billions of Tons)

2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020

6.4 6.77.1 7.4

7.8 8.1 8.3 88.7

9.19.5

9.9 10.1 10.4 10.7 11 11.3 11.6 11.9

+4% p.a.+3% p.a.

4% average increase p.a. 2002 to 2012 3% average increase p.a. 2012 to 2020 forecast

There will still be an economic development but not at the same trend of the last decade

Container Vessel Sizes Over Years

19801982

19841986

19881990

19921994

19961998

20002002

20042006

20082010

20120

2000

4000

6000

8000

10000

12000

14000

16000

18000

20000

Years

TEU

Panama Canal Limit

Expanded Panama Canal Limit

Largest Container Ship Size

S Class 9600 TEU

E Class 15500 TEU

EEE Class 18000 TEU

+9,9% p.a.

Avarage Container Ship Size

Conclusion

• How to handle these giants?

• You need more bollard pull

and tugnology…

THANK YOUMEng Sadik MEMIS

Project Engineer / Marketing & Sales