world geography & history

Daily Skill Building: World Geography & History

by Carrie Fernandez and WriteBonnieRose

© Copyright 2021

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TABLE OF CONTENTS Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7Lessons at a Glance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10Lesson 1: Africa: Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24Lesson 2: Algeria, Tunisia, and Morocco, Pt. 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26Lesson 3: Algeria, Morocco, and Tunisia, Pt. 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28Lesson 4: Research activity found in the Student BookLesson 5: Chad, Mali, Mauritania, and Niger, Pt. 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30Lesson 6: Chad, Mali, Mauritania, and Niger, Pt. 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32Lesson 7: Research activity found in the Student BookLesson 8: Egypt and Libya, Pt. 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35Lesson 9: Egypt and Libya, Pt. 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37Lesson 10: Egypt and Libya, Pt. 3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40Lesson 11: Research activity found in the Student BookLesson 12: Sudan and South Sudan, Pt. 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42Lesson 13: Sudan and South Sudan, Pt. 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43Lesson 14: Research activity found in the Student BookLesson 15: Eritrea, Djibouti, and Somalia, Pt. 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44Lesson 16: Eritrea, Djibouti, and Somalia, Pt. 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46Lesson 17: Research activity found in the Student BookLesson 18: Ethiopia, Pt. 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48Lesson 19: Ethiopia, Pt. 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49Lesson 20: Research activity found in the Student BookLesson 21: Rwanda, Burundi, and Tanzania, Pt. 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50Lesson 22: Rwanda, Burundi, and Tanzania, Pt. 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52Lesson 23: Research activity found in the Student BookLesson 24: Kenya and Uganda, Pt. 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54Lesson 25: Kenya and Uganda, Pt. 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56Lesson 26: Research activity found in the Student BookLesson 27: Central African Republic, DRC, and Rep. of the Congo, Pt. 1 . . . . . . . . . 58Lesson 28: Central African Republic, DRC, and Rep. of the Congo, Pt. 2 . . . . . . . . . 60Lesson 29: Research activity found in the Student BookLesson 30: Gabon, São Tomé & Principe, Equatorial Guinea, & Cameroon, Pt. 1 . . 62Lesson 31: Gabon, São Tomé & Principe, Equatorial Guinea, & Cameroon, Pt. 2 . . 64Lesson 32: Research activity found in the Student BookLesson 33: Nigeria, Benin, and Togo, Pt. 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66Lesson 34: Nigeria, Benin, and Togo, Pt. 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68Lesson 35: Research activity found in the Student BookLesson 36: Ghana, Côte d’Ivoire, and Burkina Faso, Pt. 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70Lesson 37: Ghana, Côte d’Ivoire, and Burkina Faso, Pt. 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72Lesson 38: Research activity found in the Student BookLesson 39: Liberia, Sierra Leone, and Guinea, Pt. 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73

SAMPLE. . . . . .. .

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. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .22 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

n the Student Bookhe Student Booomalia, Pt. 1omalia, Pt. 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

d Somalia, Pt. 2malia, Pt. 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .found in the Student Bookn the Student Bo

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

activity found in the Student Boofound in the Student Ba, Burundi, and Tanzania, Pt. 1a, Burundi, and Tanzania, .

nda, Burundi, and Tanzania, Pt. 2, Burundi, and Tanzesearch activity found in the Studactivity found in the

: Kenya and Uganda, Pt. 1 Kenya and Uganda, Pt. 1 . . . . . . . . . .25: Kenya and Uganda, Pt. 225: Kenya and Uganda, Pt. 2 . . . . . .

n 26: Research activity found in t26: Research activity found in tn 27: Central African Republic,27: Central African Rep

8: Central African Repub8: Central African RepuResearch activity foivity fo

bon, São Tomén, São Tomn, São Ton, São To

h ac

Lesson 40: Liberia, Sierra Leone, and Guinea, Pt. 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75Lesson 41: Research activity found in the Student BookLesson 42: Guinea-Bissau, Senegal, The Gambia, and Cabo Verde, Pt. 1 . . . . . . . . 77Lesson 43: Guinea-Bissau, Senegal, The Gambia, and Cabo Verde, Pt. 2 . . . . . . . . 79Lesson 44: Research activity found in the Student BookLesson 45: Malawi and Mozambique, Pt. 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81Lesson 46: Malawi and Mozambique, Pt. 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83Lesson 47: Research activity found in the Student BookLesson 48: Zambia and Zimbabwe, Pt. 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85Lesson 49: Zambia and Zimbabwe, Pt. 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87Lesson 50: Research activity found in the Student BookLesson 51: Angola, Namibia, and Botswana, Pt. 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89Lesson 52: Angola, Namibia, and Botswana, Pt. 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91Lesson 53: Research activity found in the Student BookLesson 54: Eswatini and Lesotho, Pt. 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94Lesson 55: Eswatini and Lesotho, Pt. 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96Lesson 56: Research activity found in the Student BookLesson 57: South Africa, Pt. 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98Lesson 58: South Africa, Pt. 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100Lesson 59: South Africa, Pt. 3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102Lesson 60: Research activity found in the Student BookLesson 61: Comoros, Mauritius, and Seychelles, Pt. 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105Lesson 62: Comoros, Mauritius, and Seychelles, Pt. 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107Lesson 63: Research activity found in the Student BookLesson 64: Madagascar, Pt. 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109Lesson 65: Madagascar, Pt. 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 110Lesson 66: Research activity found in the Student BookLesson 67: Asia: Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112Lesson 68: Japan, Pt. 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114Lesson 69: Japan, Pt. 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117Lesson 70: Japan, Pt. 3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 120Lesson 71: Research activity found in the Student BookLesson 72: China and Mongolia, Pt. 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123Lesson 73: China and Mongolia, Pt. 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 126Lesson 74: China and Mongolia, Pt. 3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 129Lesson 75: Research activity found in the Student BookLesson 76: North Korea, South Korea, and Taiwan, Pt. 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133Lesson 77: North Korea, South Korea, and Taiwan, Pt. 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135Lesson 78: North Korea, South Korea, and Taiwan, Pt. 3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 138Lesson 79: Research activity found in the Student BookLesson 80: Vietnam, Pt. 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 141Lesson 81: Vietnam, Pt. 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 143Lesson 82: Research activity found in the Student Book

SAMPLE. . . . .. . .

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nt Bookt Bo. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .e Student Booke Student Book

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . .found in the Student Bookn the Student Bo

ritius, and Seychelles, Pt. 1itius, and Seychelles, Pt. 1 . . . . . auritius, and Seychelles, Pt. 2ritius, and Seychelles, Pt. 2 . . . .

activity found in the Student Booky found in the Student Bookascar, Pt. 1sca . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

agascar, Pt. 2ascar, Pt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . .search activity found in the Stude activity found in the

Asia: Introductionduction . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . .68: Japan, Pt. 18: Japan, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . .

n 69: Japan, Pt. 269: Japan . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . .n 70: Japan, Pt. 370: Japan, Pt. 3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

71: Research activity found1: Research activity fouChina and MongoliaChina and Mongolia

hina and Mongoand Monga and Mona and Mon

ch acth

Lesson 83: Laos and Cambodia, Pt. 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 146Lesson 84: Laos and Cambodia, Pt. 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 148Lesson 85: Laos and Cambodia, Pt. 3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 150Lesson 86: Research activity found in the Student BookLesson 87: Burma (Myanmar) and Thailand, Pt. 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 153Lesson 88: Burma (Myanmar) and Thailand, Pt. 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 155Lesson 89: Burma (Myanmar) and Thailand, Pt. 3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 158Lesson 90: Research activity found in the Student BookLesson 91: Malaysia, Brunei, and Singapore, Pt. 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 160Lesson 92: Malaysia, Brunei, and Singapore, Pt. 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 162Lesson 93: Research activity found in the Student BookLesson 94: Indonesia and Timor-Leste, Pt. 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 165Lesson 95: Indonesia and Timor-Leste, Pt. 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 169Lesson 96: Research activity found in the Student BookLesson 97: Philippines, Pt. 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 171Lesson 98: Philippines, Pt. 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 173Lesson 99: Research activity found in the Student BookLesson 100: India, Pt. 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 175Lesson 101: India, Pt. 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 177Lesson 102: India, Pt. 3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 179Lesson 103: Research activity found in the Student BookLesson 104: Maldives and Sri Lanka, Pt. 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 182Lesson 105: Maldives and Sri Lanka, Pt. 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 184Lesson 106: Research activity found in the Student BookLesson 107: Pakistan, Pt. 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 186Lesson 108: Pakistan, Pt. 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 188Lesson 109: Research activity found in the Student BookLesson 110: Bangladesh, Pt. 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 189Lesson 111: Bangladesh, Pt. 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 190Lesson 112: Research activity found in the Student BookLesson 113: Nepal and Bhutan, Pt. 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 191Lesson 114: Nepal and Bhutan, Pt. 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 193Lesson 115: Research activity found in the Student BookLesson 116: Afghanistan, Pt. 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 196Lesson 117: Afghanistan, Pt. 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 197Lesson 118: Research activity found in the Student BookLesson 119: Russia, Pt. 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 200Lesson 120: Russia, Pt. 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 203Lesson 121: Russia, Pt. 3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 207Lesson 122: Russia, Pt. 4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 210Lesson 123: Research activity found in the Student BookLesson 124: Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan, Pt. 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 214Lesson 125: Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan, Pt. 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 216

SAMPLE. . . . .. . .

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nt Bookt Bo. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .e Student Booke Student Book

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . .found in the Student Bookin the Student B

Sri Lanka, Pt. 1Sri Lanka, Pt. 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . .d Sri Lanka, Pt. 2Sri Lanka, Pt. 2 . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . .

activity found in the Student Booty found in the Student Booan, Pt. 1n, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

stan, Pt. 2an, Pt. 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . .Research activity found in the Studh activity found in th

0: Bangladesh, Pt. 1Bangladesh, Pt. 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11: Bangladesh, Pt. 211: Bangladesh, Pt. 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

n 112: Research activity found in t112: Research activity found in n 113: Nepal and Bhutan, Pt. 1113: Nepal and Bhutan

114: Nepal and Bhutan, Pt14: Nepal and Bhutan, 5: Research activity fo Research activity fo

Afghanistan, Pt. anistan, Pthanistan, Phanistan, P

rch ah

Lesson 126: Research activity found in the Student BookLesson 127: Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, and Turkmenistan, Pt. 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 218Lesson 128: Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, and Turkmenistan, Pt. 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 220Lesson 129: Research activity found in the Student BookLesson 130: Georgia, Armenia, and Azerbaijan, Pt. 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 223Lesson 131: Georgia, Armenia, and Azerbaijan, Pt. 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 226Lesson 132: Georgia, Armenia, and Azerbaijan, Pt. 3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 228Lesson 133: Research activity found in the Student BookLesson 134: Iran, Pt. 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 231Lesson 135: Iran, Pt. 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 232Lesson 136: Iran, Pt. 3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 235Lesson 137: Research activity found in the Student BookLesson 138: Iraq and Kuwait, Pt. 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 238Lesson 139: Iraq and Kuwait, Pt. 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 240Lesson 140: Iraq and Kuwait, Pt. 3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 243Lesson 141: Iraq and Kuwait, Pt. 4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 247Lesson 142: Research activity found in the Student BookLesson 143: Israel, Pt. 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 249Lesson 144: Israel, Pt. 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 251Lesson 145: Israel, Pt. 3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 254Lesson 146: Israel, Pt. 4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 257Lesson 147: Research activity found in the Student BookLesson 148: Jordan and Lebanon, Pt. 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 259Lesson 149: Jordan and Lebanon, Pt. 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 261Lesson 150: Jordan and Lebanon, Pt. 3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 263Lesson 151: Research activity found in the Student BookLesson 152: Syria, Pt. 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 265Lesson 153: Syria, Pt. 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 266Lesson 154: Research activity found in the Student BookLesson 155: Turkey, Pt. 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 269Lesson 156: Turkey, Pt. 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 271Lesson 157: Turkey, Pt. 3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 274Lesson 158: Research activity found in the Student BookLesson 159: Saudi Arabia, Pt. 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 277Lesson 160: Saudi Arabia, Pt. 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 278Lesson 161: Research activity found in the Student BookLesson 162: Bahrain, Qatar, and the United Arab Emirates, Pt. 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 281Lesson 163: Bahrain, Qatar, and the United Arab Emirates, Pt. 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 283Lesson 164: Research activity found in the Student BookLesson 165: Oman and Yemen, Pt. 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 286Lesson 166: Oman and Yemen, Pt. 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 288Lesson 167: Research activity found in the Student Book

. . . . .. . .. . . . . . . . . .. . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . .ook

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

he Student Bookhe Student Book. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . .vity found in the Student Bookity found in the Student Boo

Lebanon, Pt. 1ebanon, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .nd Lebanon, Pt. 2anon, Pt. 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

and Lebanon, Pt. 3and Lebanon, Pt. 3 . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . .earch activity found in the Studenrch activity found in

yria, Pt. 1t. 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3: Syria, Pt. 2Syria, Pt. 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

54: Research activity found in the54: Research activity found in then 155: Turkey, Pt. 1155: Turk . . . . . . . . . . .. . .n 156: Turkey, Pt. 2156: Turkey, Pt. . . . . . . . . .. . .

157: Turkey, Pt. 357: Turkey, Pt. 3 . . . . . . . . . . . . .8: Research activity fo Research activity fo

Saudi Arabia, Pt.Arabia, Pdi Arabia, di Arabia,

rch ah

7

IntroductionDaily Skill Building: World Geography & History is appropriate for middle school students and best suited to grades 5-8; additional activities are included to expand for high school (see next page). Over the course of the school year, your students will learn about the geography and history of all 54 independent countries of Africa and all 48 independent countries of Asia.

The core lessons include text to read about each country, comprehension questions to answer, and map work to complete. Numerous additional activities are included that you

Each unit begins with an overview of the geography of a country (or group of countries). Comprehension questions, map work, and optional assignments follow. The next part of each unit focuses on the history of the country or countries and includes comprehension questions as well as numerous options for extending the history. The unit ends with an opportunity for the student to complete a research paper about the country or one of the countries studied. There are three volumes in this unit: the main text, the Student Book, and a Scope and Sequence that shows a broad overview of what is covered throughout the curriculum. The books include:

Daily Skill Building: World Geography & History:

•

• Lessons at a Glance gives you a bird’s-eye view of each set of lessons and what pages in both books you need to complete them.

• Student text can be viewed and read on a computer to save printing if you choose.

Student Book and Answer Key:

• The Student Printables are required for each lesson. They include comprehension questions and map work assignments for each lesson as well as additional optional notebooking and research assignments that can be completed if desired.

• Additional Student Templates can be used with the optional assignments. Several versions of some templates are provided so you can choose the style your student prefers.

• if desired.

• students locate places mentioned throughout the text. Blank maps are also provided.

• The Answer Key provides answers for all comprehension questions. Answers for optional assignments are not provided as they will vary based on what your student chooses to explore in more depth.

SAMPLEand aand

, comprehension qomprehensional activities are includedities are inclu

hy of a country (or group of country of a country (or group of countonal assignments follow. The next pssignments follow. The next

ry or countries and includes comprry or countries and includes compror extending the history. The unit er extending the history. The unit

e a research paper about the countryresearch paper about the countrolumes in this unit: the main text, thlumes in this unit: the main text, t

ows a broad overview of what is coves a broad overview of what is cove

eography & History: eography & History:

ce gives you a bird’s-eye view of eachce gives you a bird’s-eye view of eacu need to complete them. need to complete the

xt can be viewed and read on a compe viewed and read on a

ook and Answer Key: ook and Answer K

Student Printables are required fStudent Printables are required estions and map work assignmentions and map work ass

booking and research assignmooking and research assi

al Student TemplatesStudent Templatessome templateme templat

8

Introduction

High School Option:

If you want to use this curriculum with a high school student, there are various ways you can extend the material. For high school, completing all optional assignments is suggested. Students may also wish to create more in-depth reports or presentations to accompany their work.

They may also wish to complete the Events That Changed the World activity found in the Additional Student Templates section of the Student Book. This activity challenges them to

of a famous explorer, a war such as World War II, the reign of a major world empire such as the Roman or the Ottoman Empire, etc. They can then record key information about the event and how it changed history. They can complete as many of these assignments as desired. A list of suggested topics to get them started is provided, but the options for topics to study are endless.

e ae aassignmessign

resentations resen

ged the World activity founWorld activityBook. This activity challenges thBook. This activity challenges th

II, the reign of a major world empirreign of a major world empirThey can then record key informatiohey can then record key informati

ey can complete as many of these ay can complete as many of these aget them started is provided, but thet them started is provided, but t

Daily Skill Building: World Geography

24

Lesson 1

AFRICA: INTRODUCTIONAfrica is a huge continent, smaller only than Asia in area. It covers about 11,688,000 mi2(30,272,000 km2), which is only slightly larger than North America and Australia combined. It also has more people than any other continent other than Asia. It is home to about 1,377,773,000 people, more than North and South America combined. It is broken into 54 independent countries. Algeria in the north is its largest country, while the island nation of the Seychelles in the Indian Ocean is its smallest. Nigeria alone is home to about 200 million people, making it the most populated country in Africa.

There are only a few major mountain ranges in Africa. They include the Ahaggar, Atlas, Drakensberg, Ruwenzori, and Tibesti. Africa is home to both the world’s largest desert, the Sahara, and the world’s longest river, the Nile. The Sahara is nearly as large as the United States. The Kalahari and Namib deserts are also in Africa, as are the Congo, Limpopo, Niger, Orange, and Zambezi rivers. More than 1,000 languages are spoken throughout Africa, with the most common languages being Arabic, Swahili (Kiswahili), and Hausa.

The equator crosses the middle of Africa, so much of the continent is warm or hot. About 90% of the continent falls within the tropics, the area between the Tropic of Cancer and the Tropic of Capricorn. The hottest temperatures are in the Sahara and parts of Somalia, where 115 °F (46 °C) or higher is common. However, the average temperature in South Africa during the warmest time of year averages around 68 °F (20 °C).

Parts of Africa, such as the west coast, can see more than 100 inches (250 cm) of rain every year, with 40 inches (100 cm) or more in June alone in Liberia. But the Sahara and the Namib Desert generally see less than 10 inches (25 cm) of rain in one year.

Comprehension Check:Answer questions #1-7.

overs about overs erica and Australirica and Austra

r than Asia. It is home Asia. It is homerica combined. It is brokmbined. It

its largest country, while the isits largest country, while the issmallest. Nigeria alone is home to aallest. Nigeria alone is home to a

ed country in Africa. ed country in A

nges in Africa. They include the Ahnges in Africa. They include the AAfrica is home to both the world’s larga is home to both the world’s lar

r, the Nile. The Sahara is nearly as lathe Nile. The Sahara is nearly as ladeserts are also in Africa, as are therts are also in Africa, as are t

vers. More than 1,000 languages aore than 1,000 laon languages being Arabic, Swahili (Kn languages being Arabic, Swa

e middle of Africa, so much of the codle of Africa, so much of the cnt falls within the tropics, the areat falls within the tropics, the are

of Capricorn. The hottest Capricorn. The hottest are in the Sahara and parts the Sahara and part

where 115 °F (46 °C) or higher is °F (46 °C) or higher is However, the average temperature However, the average temperature

h Africa during the warmest time oAfrica during the warmest time overages around 68 °F (20 °C). rages around 68 °F (20 °

Africa, such as the west coAfrica, such as the west han 100 inches (250 es (250

h 40 inches (100 inches (10Liberia. Butiberia. But

gener


25

Lesson 1

AFRICAMap Work:

Now you’re going to start your master map for Africa. You will use this throughout the unit, adding to it as you learn about more countries. Using an atlas, encyclopedia, or other resource with a parent’s permission, locate the following features and draw them on the map of Africa:

Mountains: Ahaggar, Atlas, Drakensberg, Tibesti, and Ruwenzori Deserts: Sahara, Kalahari, and Namib Rivers: Nile, Congo, Limpopo, Niger, Orange, and Zambezi

AMPLEa. You will use this throughuse this thUsing an atlas, encyclopedia, or oUsing an atlas, encyclopedia, or o

ollowing features and draw them onowing features and draw them on

Tibesti, and Ruwenzori Tibesti, and Ruwenzori

Orange, and ZambeziOrange, and Zambez

AM


26

Lesson 2

AFRICA: THE MAGHREB Algeria, Tunisia, and MoroccoThe Maghreb is an area of northern Africa that borders the Mediterranean Sea and is made of Algeria, Morocco, and Tunisia. The Atlas Mountains cross the northern part of all three countries. The mountains form most of Morocco, but only part of Algeria and Tunisia. People sometimes include Libya in the Maghreb, but we’ll look at Libya when we study its neighbor Egypt.

in the northern part of the country along the sea. It was founded in the A.D. 900s. If you travel about 43.5 miles (70 km) west of Algiers, you’ll reach a famous archaeological site called Tipasa. This site in northern Algeria was the home of an ancient Punic trading center. Punic is also sometimes called Carthaginian or Western Phoenician.

The country includes coastal plains and gentle hills with farmland along the Mediterranean coast in an area called the Tell. There are also plateaus where farmers raise livestock such as cattle, sheep, and goats. The Sahara covers much of Algeria and is an extremely inhospitable place for people to live. The temperature is often scorching hot, often passing 115 °F (46 °C).

Tunisia lies to the east of Algeria and also borders the Mediterranean Sea. It is home to

Point, near Al-Abyad Point (Cape Blanc). The capital city of Tunis was part of the ancient Carthaginian empire and is in the northern part of the country. If you travel southwest about 48 miles (77 km) of the capital, you can visit the ancient city of Dougga. It is home to remarkable Roman ruins from the days when the Maghreb was part of the Roman Empire.

Two branches of the Atlas Mountains reach into Tunisia in the northern and southern

SAMPLEs the Mediterranean SMediterraneauntains cross the northern oss the no

Morocco, but only part of Algeriaorocco, but only part of AlgeriaMaghreb, but we’ll look at Libya whehreb, but we’ll look at Libya whe

ng the sea. It was founded in the Athe sea. It was founded in the At of Algiers, you’ll reach a famous aof Algiers, you’ll reach a famous a

Algeria was the home of an ancient Peria was the home of an ancient Carthaginian or Western Phoenicianinian or Western

tal plains and gentle hills with farmlal plains and gentle hills with farm the Tell. There are also plateaus Tell. There are also plateaus

p, and goats. The Sahara covers muc, and goats. The Sahara covers mue for people to live. The for people to live. The

often scorching hot, often n scorching hot, ofte°F (46 °C).

lies to the east of Algeria and alsoies to the east of Algeria and alsrs the Mediterranean Sea. It is homethe Mediterranean Sea.

ar Al-Abyad Point (Cape Blar Al-Abyad Point (Cape Bof Tunis was part of tpart of

mpire and is in re and is itry. If you try. If you t

m) of ) f


27

Lesson 2

AFRICA: THE MAGHREB Algeria, Tunisia, and Morocco parts of the country. The mountains are not high, though, and between them are hills and

year long. A plateau in the southern part of the country stretches from the mountains to the Sahara. It’s a good place for raising cattle, sheep, and goats.

Morocco sits on the northwestern corner of Africa, touching both the Mediterranean Sea and the Atlantic Ocean. The Strait of Gibraltar connects the two bodies of water and is incredibly narrow in places. At one point, the tip of Morocco is only about 8 miles (13 km) from Spain. Rabat is the capital of Morocco and sits in the northern part of the country. It was established in the A.D. 1100s by the Berbers. Rabat is not the largest city, however. Casablanca, which sits to the south of Rabat, holds that title. As the largest city, Casablanca is home to many famous landmarks and places to see. If you travel south from there about 151 miles (243 km), you’ll reach Marrakesh. Marrakesh is famous for the old section of the city that includes landmarks such as the Kasbah, ancient battlements, gardens, and palaces.

Like other Maghreb countries, there are fertile coastal areas where many crops are grown, mountainous regions, and the

which are all part of the Atlas Mountains, cover part of Morocco. The chains are Anti Atlas, the High Atlas (or Haut Atlas), and the Middle Atlas (or Moyen Atlas). Sometimes people include the Rif, a group of mountains in the far north of the country, in the Atlas Mountains.


SAMPLE, and between them arbetween them

ntry stretches from the mountaintry stretches from the mountaiep, and goats. , and g

Africa, touching both the MediterraAfrica, touching both the Mediterraraltar connects the two bodies of waltar connects the two bodies of

nt, the tip of Morocco is only about the tip of Morocco is only about orocco and sits in the northern partorocco and sits in the northern par

s by the Berbers. Rabat is not the lathe Berbers. Rabat is not the lauth of Rabat, holds that title. As the lRabat, holds that t

dmarks and places to see. If you travmarks and places to see. If yoreach Marrakesh. Marrakesh is faeach Marrakesh. Marrakesh is f

andmarks such as the Kasbah, anciarks such as the Kasbah, anci

ghreb countries, there are countries, there aral areas where many crops where many crops

, mountainous regions, and the , mountainous regions, and the

are all part of the Atlas Mountare all part of the Atlas part of Morocco. The chains arart of Morocco. The chai

High Atlas (or Haut Atlas),High Atlas (or Haut Atlass (or Moyen Atlas). Atlas).

the Rif, a group Rif, a grouof the counf the coun


28

Lesson 3

AFRICA: THE MAGHREB Algeria, Morocco, and TunisiaMany kingdoms have ruled this area for centuries. In Algeria, the Berbers, Phoenicians, and Romans ruled during ancient times. The Vandals and Byzantines followed them. In the A.D. 600s, Arabs from the Arabian Peninsula invaded, and as they took over the land,

cities along the coast, but they were driven away by Barbarossa, a Turkish sea captain. In time, Barbarossa allied himself with the Ottoman Empire, and Algeria became part of the Ottomans Empire until the early 1800s. The French took control in 1830, and their

Since they were under French control, Algeria fought with France and the Allies during World War I. During World War II, it was sometimes hard to know for certain who controlled Algeria. After the war, the push for Algerian independence, which had always been present

series of skirmishes and attacks between the Algerians and the French.

Like Algeria, the Berbers, Romans, Vandals, and Byzantines all ruled Morocco at various times. In the late 600s, Arabs arrived from the Arabian Peninsula and conquered Morocco.

leader, brought the Berbers and Arabs

the country for close to 200 years. During the mid-1000s to mid-1400s, other Berber

between Morocco and Spain erupted, and eventually, France and Spain split Morocco.

Throughout the early 1900s, tensions

Morocco. In 1943, Moroccans formed a new party to push for independence. The trouble

geria, the Berbers, Phthe Berbers, and Byzantines followed thntines foll

vaded, and as they took over the aded, and as they took over the

way by Barbarossa, a Turkish sea cway by Barbarossa, a Turkish sea cOttoman Empire, and Algeria becamOttoman Empire, and Algeria becam

00s. The French took control in 1830s. The French took control in 18

ontrol, Algeria fought with France aol, Algeria fought with France aI, it was sometimes hard to know forsometimes hard

sh for Algerian independence, whichh for Algerian independence,

d attacks between the Algerians andcks between the Algerians and

erbers, Romans, Vandals, rbers, Romans, Vandals, all ruled Morocco at various led Morocco at variou

ate 600s, Arabs arrived from the Arabs arrived from the eninsula and conquered Morocco. eninsula and conquered Morocco.

r, brought the Berbers and Arbrought the Berbers

for close to 200 yea200 ye to mid-1400s, mid-1400s

and Sd S


29

Lesson 3

AFRICA: THE MAGHREB Algeria, Morocco, and Tunisia

However, in the 1970s, a dispute over Spanish territory in the southern part of Morocco reignited. Spain gave their claims to the area, now called Western Sahara, to Morocco and Mauritania in 1976, and in 1979, Mauritania gave up its claim to Morocco. But some in Western Sahara wanted to be free and independent. Ownership of the region remains disputed.

The ancient Phoenicians colonized the coast of Tunisia around 1100 B.C., and they founded the city of Carthage around 814 B.C. Carthage was one of the most important ancient states in history, and it even rivaled Rome for power. During the mid-800s to 500s B.C. when the Phoenicians in some parts of their empire were losing ground to the Assyrians, Babylonians, and Persians, the Carthaginians became stronger. They gained territory for a while, but the Romans eventually defeated Carthage, destroying the city and ruling Tunisia for hundreds of years. The Vandals, Byzantines, Arabs, and Ottomans followed them, often doing much damage to the city. In time, the city of Carthage was rebuilt, but the empire never rose again. Like Algeria, Tunisia was ruled by France for a period until the nation became independent in A.D. 1956.

Comprehension Check:Answer questions #1-8. SAMAMPLEry in the southern part of Mouthern pa

w called Western Sahara, to Morw called Western Sahara, to Morgave up its claim to Morocco. But sve up its claim to Morocco. But s

pendent. Ownership of the region rpendent. Ownership of the region r

coast of Tunisia around 1100 B.C., anst of Tunisia around 1100 B.C., anC. Carthage was one of the most i. Carthage was one of the most i

led Rome for power. During the mRome for power. During the mparts of their empire were losing grf their empire we

he Carthaginians became stronger. Te Carthaginians became strontually defeated Carthage, destroyintually defeated Carthage, destroy

The Vandals, Byzantines, Arabs, and Ondals, Byzantines, Arabs, and Oto the city. In time, the city of Cartto the city. In time, the city of Car

Like Algeria, Tunisia was ike Algeria, Tunisia was for a period until the nation period until the natio

pendent in A.D. 1956.n A.D. 1956.

mprehension Check:mprehension Checkuestions #1-8. uestions #1-8.


30

Lesson 5

AFRICA: THE SAHEL Chad, Mali, Mauritania, and Niger

tropical savannas in the south. It’s a dry area prone to dangerous droughts, but it receives more rain than the desert. Sometimes, it gets terribly heavy rains that do as much damage to the crops as droughts. It includes the countries of Chad, Mali, Mauritania, and Niger, though some people consider other nations part of the Sahel. Some of the Sahel nations are among the poorest in Africa.

Chad is landlocked, with no borders on the ocean. The Sahara covers the northern part of the country, and few people live there. The Tibesti mountain range stretches across the northwestern part of the country. A savanna, a grassland area that has some trees scattered through it, covers the middle, and the southern part of Chad is tropical and has rich farmland. Most of Chad’s rivers are in the south, and the largest ones, the Chari and the Logone, meet at the capital city of N’Djamena and then travel to Lake Chad. The French founded the capital in 1900 after taking over the area.

If you visit Chad, you will want to see the Lakes of Ounianga in the northeast’s desert region. These lakes rely on groundwater for their supply, not rainwater. Some of the

reeds act as a shield and keep the water from evaporating too quickly.

Mali is also landlocked. You can divide it into three main areas. The Sahara is in the north, a semiarid transition area is in the middle, and grasslands are in the south. There are not many mountains, and there are two main rivers, the Senegal and the Niger. The capital city Bamako is in the southwestern part of the country along the Niger River. The city was a small village when the French took control of the area and made it a colonial capital. It became the nation’s capital when

dangerous droughts, but it rdroughts,y heavy rains that do as much damy heavy rains that do as much dam

es of Chad, Mali, Mauritania, and Nof Chad, Mali, Mauritania, and Nart of the Sahel. Some of the Sahel rt of the Sahel. Some of the Sahel

n the ocean. The Sahara covers thehe ocean. The Sahara covers thethere. The Tibesti mountain rangethere. The Tibesti mountain range

ntry. A savanna, a grassland area ty. A savanna, a grassland area e middle, and the southern part of Ce, and the southe

s rivers are in the south, and the las rivers are in the south, and pital city of N’Djamena and then travital city of N’Djamena and then tr

900 after taking over the area.fter taking over the area.

you will want to see the ou will want to see the nga in the northeast’s desert the northeast’s deser

e lakes rely on groundwater rely on groundwater upply, not rainwater. Some of the upply, not rainwater. Some of the

act as a shield and keep the wact as a shield and keepvaporating too quickly.aporating too quickly.

andlocked. You can dou can das. The Sahara ihe Sahara

tion area ition area iin thth


31

Lesson 5

AFRICA: THE SAHEL Chad, Mali, Mauritania, and NigerMali became independent in 1960.

If you travel about 354 miles (570 km) northeast of Bamako, you’ll arrive at Djenné, one of the oldest cities in this part of Africa. Archaeological ruins date the city to 250 B.C. It was an extremely important part of the gold trade in the A.D. 1400s-1500s.

Mauritania sits along the Atlantic Ocean and is in the northwestern part of Africa. The Sahara covers most of the country, but there is a small plain and a small savanna in the southern region. The French founded Nouakchott, the capital, along the coast in 1957. It became the capital of the country when Mauritania got its independence in 1960. One famous place to visit is Banc d’Arguin National Park on the coast. This beautiful park has a combination of marine life and desert life.

Niger is also a landlocked country. Like the other nations of the Sahel, the Sahara covers the northern part. The Air Mountains are in the middle of the desert and receive almost no rain. The savanna in the southern part of the country is one of the hottest places in the world. Temperatures there average 95° to 100 °F (35° to 38 °C). Niamey is the capital. It began as a small village and later became the capital of the French colony and then the nation. The W National Park of Niger is part of a park that extends into two other countries and is home to threatened and endangered animals.


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