windows vista inside out ch 13: ch 13: managing shared folders and printers last modified 10-7-07

Windows VistaWindows VistaInside OutInside Out

Ch 13: Ch 13: Managing Shared Folders and Printers

Last modified 10-7-07

EditionsEditions

Sharing is the same in all editionsSharing is the same in all editions Print Management console is not available

in Home Basic and Home Premium But all its functionality is available in other

tools

This Chapter Covers Workgroups This Chapter Covers Workgroups Only Only

In this chapter, we describe resource sharing as it applies in a workgroup environment

We do not cover sharing in a domain-based environment

Public folder sharing Files in the Public

folder and its subfolders

Available to anyone who can log on to your computer

Use "Public folder sharing" in "Network and Sharing Center" to control network access

Password Protected Sharing Password Protected Sharing

Also Also in "Network and Sharing Center"

"Any Folder" Sharing"Any Folder" Sharing

Also Also in "Network and Sharing Center" Allows you to share folders or files outside

the Public folder You can specify which users can access the

shared data, and assign privileges

Printer and Media Sharing Printer and Media Sharing

Also Also in "Network and Sharing Center"

Simple File Sharing is GoneSimple File Sharing is Gone

Windows XP's "Simple File Sharing" is Windows XP's "Simple File Sharing" is gonegone

The Network and Sharing center is the The Network and Sharing center is the new technique to control sharingnew technique to control sharing

Windows 9x Folder PasswordsWindows 9x Folder Passwords

Windows 95/98/Me used share-level access control Passwords (one for read-only access and one

for full access) were assigned to each shared resource

Vista does not use that method

Configuring Your Network for Sharing

Give all computers the same workgroup name Optional if all the computers have Vista

Set the network’s location type to Private Turn on Network Discovery Select sharing options

In the "Sharing And Discovery" section of "Network And Sharing Center"

Set up user accounts

The Sharing Wizard

The Sharing Wizard The Sharing Wizard is enabled by defaultis enabled by default In Folder Options, on In Folder Options, on

the View tabthe View tab Open Folder Options Open Folder Options

with Start, FOLwith Start, FOL

Using the Sharing WizardUsing the Sharing Wizard

In Explorer, select the folders or files you In Explorer, select the folders or files you want to sharewant to share

Click the Share buttonClick the Share button

Using the Sharing WizardUsing the Sharing Wizard

Reader has Read & Execute permissionReader has Read & Execute permission Contributor has Modify permission for a Contributor has Modify permission for a

folderfolder Co-owner has Full ControlCo-owner has Full Control

Setting Advanced Sharing Properties

Right-click a folder, Properties

Sharing tab "Advanced

Sharing"

Advanced SharingAdvanced Sharing Limit number of usersLimit number of users Specify sharing permissions Specify sharing permissions

Subfolders will also be sharedSubfolders will also be shared

Share Permissions and NTFS Share Permissions and NTFS Permissions Work TogetherPermissions Work Together

Share permissions control Share permissions control network network access access to a resourceto a resource Share permissions have no effect if you log Share permissions have no effect if you log

on locallyon locally NTFS permissions control access to a file NTFS permissions control access to a file

or folderor folder They apply both to network and local accessThey apply both to network and local access

Example: Sharing and Example: Sharing and NTFS PermissionsNTFS Permissions

Share Permissions

Joe Read

NTFS Permissions

Joe Full Control

When connecting over the network

Joe has Read access The Share permissions limit

his access When Joe logs on locally

Joe has Full Control access The Share permissions

don't matter

Managing Shared Folders

These two links at the bottom of Network These two links at the bottom of Network and Sharing center make it easy to see all and Sharing center make it easy to see all shared foldersshared folders

The Shared Folders Snap-InThe Shared Folders Snap-In

Start, right-click Computer, ManageStart, right-click Computer, Manage

Administrative SharesAdministrative Shares Created by Windows automaticallyCreated by Windows automatically C$, D$, E$, …C$, D$, E$, …

Used by backup programsUsed by backup programs ADMIN$ADMIN$

Used during remote administrationUsed during remote administration IPC$IPC$

Used when viewing a remote computer's resourcesUsed when viewing a remote computer's resources PRINT$PRINT$

Used for remote administration of printersUsed for remote administration of printers

Accessing Shared Folders

Start, NetworkStart, Network Double-click a Double-click a

computer to see computer to see sharesshares

Right-click a share Right-click a share to map a driveto map a drive

Sharing a Printer

Right-click a printerRight-click a printer Run as administratorRun as administrator SharingSharing

Setting Permissions on Setting Permissions on Shared Printers Shared Printers

When you set up a printer, initially all When you set up a printer, initially all users in the Everyone group have Print users in the Everyone group have Print permission for documents they createpermission for documents they create Provides access to the printer Provides access to the printer Ability to manage their own documents in Ability to manage their own documents in

the print queuethe print queue And by default, members of the And by default, members of the

Administrators group also have Administrators group also have Manage Printers and Manage Manage Printers and Manage Documents permissionDocuments permission

Printer Permissions and Printer Permissions and PrivilegesPrivileges

Print Print Print documents Print documents Control properties of owned Control properties of owned

documents documents Pause, restart, and remove Pause, restart, and remove

owned documents owned documents


Manage PrintersManage Printers Share printer Share printer Change printer properties Change printer properties Remove printer Remove printer Change printer permissions Change printer permissions Pause and restart the printer Pause and restart the printer


Manage DocumentsManage Documents Pause, restart, move, and remove Pause, restart, move, and remove

all queued documentsall queued documents

Hours of AvailabilityHours of Availability The Advanced The Advanced

tab of the tab of the printer’s printer’s properties properties dialog box dialog box Always Always

Available and Available and Available Available FromFrom

Priority and DriversPriority and Drivers PriorityPriority

If you create If you create multiple printers multiple printers for a single print for a single print device, device, documents sent documents sent to the printer to the printer with the higher with the higher Priority setting Priority setting print ahead of print ahead of those sent to the those sent to the other printerother printer

DriverDriver Shows all Shows all

installed printer installed printer driversdrivers

SpoolingSpooling Spool settingsSpool settings

A Spooled document A Spooled document isis spooled to a hard spooled to a hard disk before disk before sending it to the sending it to the printerprinter

Spooled documents Spooled documents are then sent to are then sent to the print device in the print device in the backgroundthe background

SpoolingSpooling Hold Mismatched DocumentsHold Mismatched Documents

Typically occurs when a required Typically occurs when a required paper size is unavailablepaper size is unavailable

Print Spooled Documents FirstPrint Spooled Documents First Saves time by printing documents Saves time by printing documents

that are ready first, even if they are that are ready first, even if they are lower-prioritylower-priority

Keep Printed DocumentsKeep Printed Documents Spooler doesn’t delete documents Spooler doesn’t delete documents

from the queue after they printfrom the queue after they print

Command-Line Utilities for Command-Line Utilities for Managing Shared Resources Managing Shared Resources Net Share Net Share

The Net Share command lets you The Net Share command lets you view, create, modify, or delete view, create, modify, or delete shared resources on your computer. shared resources on your computer.

Net Use Net Use The Net Use command connects The Net Use command connects

your computer to shared resources your computer to shared resources on other computerson other computers

Windows VistaWindows VistaInside OutInside Out

Chapter 14 - Tweaking and Chapter 14 - Tweaking and Troubleshooting a Small NetworkTroubleshooting a Small Network

EditionsEditions

The networking features in this chapter The networking features in this chapter work identically in all Vista editionswork identically in all Vista editions

Network DiagnosticsFramework (NDF)

A new Vista A new Vista feature that feature that automatically automatically attempts to attempts to diagnose and diagnose and correct network correct network problemsproblems Pops up boxes Pops up boxes

like this onelike this one Link Ch 14aLink Ch 14a

Viewing Status in Network And Sharing Center

Click the X or ! Click the X or ! To launch To launch Network Network DiagnosticsDiagnostics

Diagnosing Problems Using Network Map

Hover over a device to see its address Hover over a device to see its address informationinformation

Devices in the Network MapDevices in the Network Map

Devices that don't support Devices that don't support Link Layer Topology Discovery (LLTD) appear at the LLTD) appear at the bottom, including:bottom, including: Win XP machines (unless you install the KB Win XP machines (unless you install the KB

922120 update – see link Ch 14b)922120 update – see link Ch 14b) Devices that support Universal Plug and Play Devices that support Universal Plug and Play

(UPnP) but not LLTD(UPnP) but not LLTD Devices without network discovery turned onDevices without network discovery turned on Devices on a public networkDevices on a public network

Troubleshooting TCP/IP Problems

PING an IP Address or DNS name to test PING an IP Address or DNS name to test connectivityconnectivity But Win XP SP2 and Vista have firewalls that But Win XP SP2 and Vista have firewalls that

block pings by default—you'll need to turn the block pings by default—you'll need to turn the firewalls off or allow the PINGs through firstfirewalls off or allow the PINGs through first

PATHPINGPATHPING

Finds intermediate routersFinds intermediate routers Calculates statisticsCalculates statistics

TRACERTTRACERT

Sends three packets to each router on the Sends three packets to each router on the pathpath

Similar to PATHPINGSimilar to PATHPING

Diagnosing IP Address Problems

To see your IP To see your IP configurationconfiguration In Network And Sharing

Center, click Manage Network Connections

Double-click the icon for your connection

Click Details Or use the

IPCONFIG /ALL command at a Command Prompt

Important IP Addresses to KnowImportant IP Addresses to Know 169.254.x.y

Automatic Private IP Address (APIPA) The computer tried to use Dynamic Host

Configuration Protocol (DHCP) but could not contact a DHCP Server

Make sure you are connected to the DHCP server (usually a router) and restart the machine

• The IPCONFIG /RENEW command at a Command prompt works too

Important IP Addresses to KnowImportant IP Addresses to Know 10.x.y.z or 192.168.x.y or

172.16.x.y to 172.31.x.y Reserved private IP address Normal for a computer behind a Network

Address Translation (NAT) server, such as a router

• But the router needs a public address on its Wide Area Network (WAN) side

You cannot connect directly to the Internet with a private address

Important IP Addresses to KnowImportant IP Addresses to Know

0.0.0.0 Cable disconnected, or IP address conflict No networking is possible with this address

Subnet MaskSubnet Mask

The subnet mask must be the same for all The subnet mask must be the same for all computers on your local network segmentcomputers on your local network segment Usually the subnet mask is one of these threeUsually the subnet mask is one of these three

• 255.0.0.0255.0.0.0• 255.255.0.0255.255.0.0• 255.255.255.0255.255.255.0

Intermediate values like 255.255.240.0 are Intermediate values like 255.255.240.0 are sometimes used in large networkssometimes used in large networks

Default GatewayDefault Gateway

Traditionally uses an address ending with Traditionally uses an address ending with 1 like 192.168.0.11 like 192.168.0.1

All devices on a network should have the All devices on a network should have the same default gatewaysame default gateway Unless you have a complex network with Unless you have a complex network with

more than one routermore than one router

Repairing Your TCP/IP Configuration

Automated Repair Right-click the connection icon in Network

Connections and click Diagnose Renew your IP address

In a Command Prompt window, use• IPCONFIG /RENEW

or• IPCONFIG /RENEW6

For IPv6

Resolving DNS Issues

Test DNS with the NSLOOKUP command Your DNS address should be

Your router, or your ISP's DNS server Open DNS - Free DNS Service for everyone

• 208.67.222.222• 208.67.220.220

Hosts FileHosts File

Malware sometimes changes the Hosts Malware sometimes changes the Hosts file to block websitesfile to block websites C:\Windows\System32\drivers\etc\hostsC:\Windows\System32\drivers\etc\hosts

DNS CacheDNS Cache

Windows maintains a temporary list of Windows maintains a temporary list of DNS names and IP addressesDNS names and IP addresses

You can clear it with this command at a You can clear it with this command at a Command PromptCommand Prompt IPCONFIG /FLUSHDNSIPCONFIG /FLUSHDNS

Bridging Two Networks Bridging Two Networks A network A network

bridge bridge connects two connects two networks networks togethertogether

Rarely usedRarely used

Network Troubleshooting Tools

In-Class ExercisesIn-Class Exercises

Not in notes, but you will do ones Not in notes, but you will do ones just like these in the Projectjust like these in the Project

Good NetworkGood Network

192.168.1.101

255.255.255.0

192.168.1.1

192.168.1.102

255.255.255.0

192.168.1.1

192.168.1.103

255.255.255.0

192.168.1.1

192.168.1.1

255.255.255.0

147.144.51.1

IP Address

Subnet Mask

Default Gateway

Hub

To the Internet

Subnet: 192.168.1.0

Duplicate IP AddressDuplicate IP Address

192.168.1.101

255.255.255.0

192.168.1.1

192.168.1.101

255.255.255.0

192.168.1.1

192.168.1.103

255.255.255.0

192.168.1.1

192.168.1.1

255.255.255.0

147.144.51.1

IP Address

Subnet Mask

Default Gateway

Hub

To the Internet

Subnet: 192.168.1.0

IP Address Outside IP Address Outside SubnetSubnet

192.168.1.101

255.255.255.0

192.168.1.1

192.168.2.102

255.255.255.0

192.168.1.1

192.168.1.103

255.255.255.0

192.168.1.1

192.168.1.1

255.255.255.0

147.144.51.1

IP Address

Subnet Mask

Default Gateway

Hub

To the Internet

Subnet: 192.168.1.0

Wrong Subnet Wrong Subnet MaskMask

192.168.1.101

255.255.255.0

192.168.1.1

192.168.1.102

255.255.0.0

192.168.1.1

192.168.1.103

255.255.255.0

192.168.1.1

192.168.1.1

255.255.255.0

147.144.51.1

IP Address

Subnet Mask

Default Gateway

Hub

To the Internet

Subnet: 192.168.1.0

Wrong Default Wrong Default GatewayGateway

192.168.1.101

255.255.255.0

192.168.1.1

192.168.1.102

255.255.255.0

192.168.1.101

192.168.1.103

255.255.255.0

192.168.1.1

192.168.1.1

255.255.255.0

147.144.51.1

IP Address

Subnet Mask

Default Gateway

Hub

To the Internet

Subnet: 192.168.1.0

Find the Problem #1Find the Problem #1

192.168.2.101

255.255.255.0

192.168.2.1

192.168.2.102

255.255.255.0

192.168.2.1

192.169.2.103

255.255.255.0

192.168.2.1

192.168.2.1

255.255.255.0

147.144.51.1

IP Address

Subnet Mask

Default Gateway

Hub

To the Internet

Subnet: ____________


192.168.1.101

255.255.255.255

192.168.1.1

192.168.1.102

255.255.255.0

192.168.1.1

192.168.1.103

255.255.255.0

192.168.1.1

192.168.1.1

255.255.255.0

147.144.51.1

IP Address

Subnet Mask

Default Gateway

Hub

To the Internet

Subnet: ____________


192.168.2.101

255.255.255.0

192.168.2.1

192.168.2.102

255.255.255.0

192.168.2.1

192.168.2.102

255.255.255.0

192.168.2.1

192.168.2.1

255.255.255.0

147.144.51.1

IP Address

Subnet Mask

Default Gateway

Hub

To the Internet

Subnet: ____________


192.168.0.101

255.255.255.0

192.168.2.1

192.168.0.102

255.255.255.0

192.168.0.1

192.168.0.103

255.255.255.0

192.168.0.1

192.168.0.1

255.255.255.0

147.144.51.1

IP Address

Subnet Mask

Default Gateway

Hub

To the Internet

Subnet: ____________


192.168.1.101

255.255.255.0

192.168.1.1

192.168.1.102

255.255.255.0

192.168.1.1

192.168.1.103

255.255.255.0

192.168.1.1

192.168.1.4

255.255.255.0

147.144.51.1

IP Address

Subnet Mask

Default Gateway

Hub

To the Internet

Subnet: ____________

AnswersAnswers

#1: IP address out of subnet on rightmost machine#1: IP address out of subnet on rightmost machine #2: Bad subnet mask on leftmost machine#2: Bad subnet mask on leftmost machine #3: Duplicate IP address on rightmost machine#3: Duplicate IP address on rightmost machine #4: Bad default gateway on leftmost machine#4: Bad default gateway on leftmost machine #5: All the default gateways are wrong (or the top #5: All the default gateways are wrong (or the top

machine’s IP address is wrong)machine’s IP address is wrong)