wind power plant testing and commissioning

8/12/2019 Wind Power Plant Testing and Commissioning

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Collector & Substation Equipment Testinga. Ground Gridb. Main Power Transformerc. Breakersd. Grounding Transformers/ Zig Zagse. Arrestorsf. Instrument Transformersg. Relayingh. FO, UG, OH Cable Systems


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Main Power Transformer Testing Send someone to the factory to witness testing, especially

important if this is the first transformer with this configurationand size

Many owners opt to have the transformer vendor assemble/fill/and test the transformer to limit transfer of risk to multipleparties

Have representative on site to sign off tests and compareagainst factory results

Use three axis impact recorder during shipping and handling


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Main Power Transformer Testing

When the transformer arrives on site.1. Megger core ground to tank and compare

against factory results2. Check the three axis impact recorders on

arrival and after setting on pad.3. Verify Vacuum or Dry Nitrogen Pressure

when unit arrived on site


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!"#$ &+,#- =&. 2'33"//"'#"#1 SFRA : benchmark field test required Compare SFRA curves from field and factory Owner or representative sign off on the field SFRA test. Standard definition: frequency response analysis (FRA)

ratio of a steady sinusoidal output from a test objectsubjected to a steady sinusoidal input.

Sweeping through the frequency range of interest givesrise to the S in SFRA.

Transformer Turns Ratio Test Perform at all no load taps Always test after moving a tap If LTC- Select a no Load tap and test at all LTC positions


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Main Power Transformer Typical Field Tests

Insulation test (bushings and windings) Oil sample test after filling -24 hrs after energization CT Testing Ratio, excitation, polarity, continuity Sudden Pressure Verify testing into control house Controls Cooling fans, LTC, etc. Check all remote alarms and analogs into

SCADA or control house annunciators


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Main Power Transformer Typical Field Tests

O#/;+,0'# -)/- `R;/?"#1/ ,#$ ("#$"#1/a Power Factor - 10 kV for ea. tfmr winding per spec..

HV/LV to TV and ground HV/LV to ground, guard on TV TV to HV/LV and ground TV to ground, guard on HV/LV

The results shall not exceed a 0.5% power factor whencorrected to a 20 C reference temperature.


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Main Power Transformer Accessory Field Tests

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Ratio verification on all taps Plot Excitation curves and compare againstmanufacturers curves

Polarity checks to ensure correct orientation Check for a single ground on the CT circuit Continuity test (Loop check of CT circuit)


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2"*9;"- H*),S)* .)/-/ Power Factor Testing- Bushing and Tank Time travel tests Contact Resistance Test Micro Ohm Meter


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Circuit Breaker Accessory Tests1.Current Transformer Tests2. SF-6 gas in bottle for purity and moisture3. Trip coils tested at reduced voltage3a. Ensure dual trip coils do not oppose4. AC/DC transfer for close circuit5. Trip and close circuit verification6. Verify tightness of connections and all factory wiring


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Circuit Breaker TestingCommon Errorsa. Breaker orientation is reversed Major issue with

grounding breakersb. Wrong Breaker installed Main or Tie breaker in feeder

positionc. DC Hi Pot vacuum breakers Xray

d. Breaker operated without locking pins removed.


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2'33"//"'#"#1 M**)/-'*/ Verify Nameplate Ratings against BOM Power Factor Testing Similar test results

between similar units Test for low impedance path to ground grid

with no sharp turns


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X("-9? 2'33"//"'#"#1 Ensure Alignment of contacts

Simultaneity of closing Contacts are seated correctly when closed

Ductor/Micro Ohmmeter of closed contacts

Check that the switch is oriented per theone line

Verify switch handle is bonded to ground Verify allowable distances to grounded

parts construction may not = engineering Make sure the correct identification label

gets installed on the correct switch


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Power Factor Testing CT testing Same as Breakers

Typically do not test oil on Instrumenttransformers but it can be done Turns ratio tests for all windings on PTs -

Center tap and full taps Verify operation of Potential and carrier

grounding switches on CCVTS Test for continuity on all PT and CT circuits Test for a single ground on CT circuits


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Wrong CT or PT ratio connection

Junction Box Cabinet not vented CT physically mounted backwards Unused CT circuit or PT winding

not grounded Incorrect phases connected to

secondary wires

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Important to test the various relay elements thathave been set i.e.: 51PU, 67, 27, 59, 81 O/U

More important to verify the logic setting inthe relay . Modern microprocessor relays have few

problems related to A/D and element pick up

Setting engineers will make more logic settingerrors than element setting errors


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All testing results may be subjected to NERC complianceaudits. The following should be included in all testingdocumentation

1. Element testing results2. Logic Testing results3. Yellow lines of AC/DC circuit validation4. Forms showing test results from apparatus testing

5. Relay and Metering Load Checks6. Certificates of calibration of test equipment


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!"#$ &+,#- 8#)*1"K,0'# .)/0#1 Rotation checks at turbines Follow up oil samples at MPT 24hr after

energization Metering checks and Scada Readings Additional relay load checks Thermal scan of Substation at higher loads to

establish a benchmark evaluate hot spots


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2'33"//"'#"#1 .;*R"#) .*,#/L'*3)*Similar Tests to Main Power Transformer

a. Turns ratio at all tapsb. Power Factor Testing (Not commonly performed on small)c. Optional Oil Testd. Verify ground connectionse. Ensure proper operation of disconnectf. Check phase identification per engineering drawing

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Megger the low voltage cablesh. Check rotation on low side after energization


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wind power plant testing and commissioning

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