What’s up with our MassTransit

Discover our current state ofpublic transport

What defines public transport

TRIP• Collective movement of peopleROUTE• Servicing common corridor with greater

efficiencyPLATFORM• Facilitated by pooled resources (stations,

street signals, dedicated lanes etc)

Why people do not use publictransport

TRIP• (Mass) transit journey is too tiringROUTE• Transit routes are very complicatedPLATFORM• Transit points are not accessible

“can’t arrive there on time and in one piece”

“don’t know how to get there”

“don’t want to go through all the hassle”

TRIP: Transit journeys too tiring

LONG WAIT• No fix schedule; operators

modify schedule to reapmaximum occupancy out oftheir fixed routes

BADLY DESIGNED ROUTES• Intercity lines choose time-consuming routes and local lines

zigzag and loop excessively in the suburban areas

TRIP: Transit journeys too tiringTRAVEL DISCOMFORT• Overcrowding of entrances,

exits and gangways• Restricted commuter flow and

door failure cause delays• Sardine-packed conditions for

very long duration

ROUTE: Transit routes are verycomplicated

DIFFERING FEE STRUCTURE AND NO INFO• Unfair distribution of fee pricing across commuters from

differing places where a short trip involving multipleroutes can cost more than a long, single route trip

• No integrated transit information across differentoperators, service lines and transit points

• Info not user friendly, confusing and hard to obtain

ROUTE: Transit routesare very complicated

HARD TO SINGLE OUTTARGETED VEHICLE

• Too many different lines share thesame clogged routes

• Bus signs hard to be identified• Commuters have to be over-alert

and venture onto the traffic space soas not to miss the fast approachingtargeted vehicle

PLATFORM: Transit points arenot accessible

NO FIRST & LAST MILE CONNECTIVITY• Available infrastructure not friendly to pedestrians• Distance between halts are inconsistent with

population distribution around halts

PLATFORM:Transit points are not

accessibleBAD TRANSIT PILE-UP• Transit flow blocked by idling and

parked public and private vehicles• Haphazard loitering of vehicles with

no proper platforms, signs andspaces to facilitate passenger pick-up and drop-off

PLATFORM: Transit points arenot accessible

BAD TRANSIT CONNECTIONS• Neighboring communities are divided by limited access

Tolled Highways and congested Freeways, limiting directtransit interconnection possibilities

• Paths from hubs to highway exits are very complex,congested and time-consuming

Why we must improve ourMass Transit FAST

Why we must move our MassTransit forward

FAITH IN PUBLIC TRANSPORT

FAITH IN PUBLIC TRANSPORTFAITH IN PUBLIC TRANSPORT

“Belief has over sixty branches. The best of“Belief has over sixty branches. The best ofthem is the words,them is the words,

‘There is no god but‘There is no god butAllah’ andAllah’ and the leastthe leastof them is to removeof them is to removean obstacle from thean obstacle from theroadroad..” (” (HadithHadith))

“Belief has over sixty branches. The best of“Belief has over sixty branches. The best ofthem is the words,them is the words,

‘There is no god but‘There is no god butAllah’ andAllah’ and the leastthe leastof them is to removeof them is to removean obstacle from thean obstacle from theroadroad..” (” (HadithHadith))

Making it easy for people to move around is part of faithMaking it easy for people to move around is part of faith

• Trafficgridlock

• Longcommutinghours

• Complextravel paths

• Air and noisepollution

LONG TERM OBJECTIVELONG TERM OBJECTIVECurrent

StateCurrent

StateShort Term

GoalShort Term

Goal Long Term ObjectiveLong Term Objective

• Free trafficflow

• Shortcommutinghours

• Simplifiedtravel paths

• Cleaner airand lessstressfulenvironment

Higher economic growth due tolower cost of mobilityReduced road fatalities/injuries

Increased productivity due toreduced commuting time

Increased socioeconomicinteraction among suburban areasSavings in road maintenanceexpenditures

Increased city living satisfactionLower cost of hospitalization

Why current system cannot work

TRIP• Collective movement of peopleROUTE• Servicing common corridor with greater

efficiencyPLATFORM• Facilitated by pooled resources (stations,

street signals, dedicated lanes etc)

The single most important competitor to public transport is private transportTaxpayers’ money has not been used to fund common infrastructure to

support public transport the way it is used tobuild and maintain roads for cars.

Operators pit against each other by every costsavings they can get away with in absence of anystandards, regulations and enforcements

Mass transit vehicles compete scarce travel space with private vehiclesOperators maximize whatever they can squeeze from any loophole in public

infrastructure (i.e. loitering of parked busses, unruly road hogging and speeding)

When competitors cut corners…Safety got the first cut

How to make people use publictransport

TRIP• (Mass) transit journey is too tiringROUTE• Transit routes are very complicatedPLATFORM• Transit points are not accessible

MAKE TRIP FAST AND COMFORTABLE

MAKE GETTING TO PLACES SIMPLE AND STRAIGHT FORWARD

MAKE TRANSFERS CONVENIENT AND HASSLE FREE

The bottom line of public transport

KEY PERFORMANCE INDICATORS• Accessibility• Availability• Reliability• Safety• Comfort

The measurement of performance is the key,because……• If you can’t measure it, you can’t control it…• If you can’t control it, you can’t manage it…• If you can’t manage it, you can’t improve it.

MAKE TRIP FAST AND COMFORTABLEMAKE GETTING TO PLACES SIMPLE AND STRAIGHT FORWARD

MAKE TRANSFERS CONVENIENT AND HASSLE FREE

Standards have to beestablished for operators

SAFETY

COMFORT

ACCESSIBILITYRELIABILITY

AVAILABILITY

Standards have to beestablished for authorities too

ACCESSIBILITY

COMFORT

SAFETY

Standards have to beestablished for authorities too

AVAILABILITY

RELIABILITY

The bottom line of public transport

KPIs• Accessibility• Availability• Reliability• Safety• Comfort

INPUTSTaxpayers Money

Infrastructure TechnologyResources Labor

CONSUMED OUTPUTS

Passenger/milePassenger/energy unit

Infra. KPIs Service KPIs

PRODUCED OUTPUTS

Journey covered/laborOperational cost/mile

Vehicle seats/mile

SERVICEEFFICIENCY

Fair allocation of risks and responsibilities between operators and authorities

Financing model

TRANSPORTAUTHORITIES

COMMUTERS

OPERATORSContracted to:

Private localGLC-funded local

Private foreign

EXTRA FEE FOR VALUE-ADDEDSERVICE

CIVILDUTY

LOCAL GOVTQuit rent rates depend on proximityto transit connectionsCongestion charges, summonsFEDERAL GOVTTaxes, royalties, duties, levies

FUNDING

PENALTY IFKPIs NOT MET

Non-discriminating distribution of tax revenue and fee income to cover entire population

How can we improve ourMass Transit

Quick fix solutions to move ourMass Transit forward

TRIP: Transit journeys too tiringLONG WAITBADLY DESIGNED ROUTESTRAVEL DISCOMFORT• Make all routes simpler, frequent, faster

and convenient• More bus lanes with full time

DBKL/traffic enforcement• Allow buses to use emergency lane

during traffic gridlock, with policeenforcement and proper signage

• Segregate lines depending on traveljourney (express, trunk, local, intracity)

• Utilize expressways such as KESAS,Pantai, NKVE, Sprint, Putrajaya

Dedicated, Continuous Bus Lanes and Signals

EXCLUSIVE BUS LANE SIGNALFOR QUEUE JUMP AT INTERSECTIONS

EMERGENCY / BUS LANE

YELLOW BOX IN TRAFFIC INTERWEAVING POINTSSO EMERGENCY/ BUS LANE IS ALWAYS UNOBSTRUCTED

ROUTE: Transit routes are verycomplicated

DIFFERING FEE STRUCTURENO INFORMATIONHARD TO SINGLE OUT TARGETED VEHICLE• Uniform fee pricing by central collector with pay-outs to

operators based on results for established KPIs• Integrated transit information across different operators,

service lines and transit points (user friendly)• Routes are simplified with intercity buses feeding to KL

public transport gateways via:– Westbound: KL Sentral– Eastbound: Dang Wangi LRT (thru elevated hway)– Southbound: Pasar Rakyat bus station, Bandar Tasik Selatan– Northbound: Titiwangsa hub, Sentul Timur LRT

Current intercity buses’ destination points are cloggedJln Tun Sambanthan Lebuh Pasar Central Market

PLATFORM: Transit points arenot accessible

NO FIRST & LAST MILE CONNECTIVITYBAD TRANSIT PILE-UPBAD TRANSIT CONNECTIONS• Get local authority involved in pedestrian and cyclist

friendly pathways• Standby patrol officer to be able to dispatch to emergency

call from emergency mini towers in crime prone areas• Off service buses sent to depot instead of idling on road• Express intercity buses must be exclusively guided from

gateways directly to expressways• Enhance connectivity between bus stops at intersections

LDP Suspension Bridge Interchangefor Komuter, LDP and Fed. Hway Trunk Lines

How can we improve ourMass Transit

Long term solutions to move ourMass Transit forward

Who does what in public transport

TRIP• Collective movement of peopleROUTE• Servicing common corridor with greater

efficiencyPLATFORM• Facilitated by pooled resources (stations,

street signals, dedicated lanes etc)

This highly systemic and strategic task should be trusted toa centralized authority with federal-level

legislative and enforcement powers

This operational task is typically taken by private orquasi-government operators.

Pooled resources refer to commonly shared infrastructures funded by taxpayers.Ownership by local and regional level authorities is a must.

Available railwaynetwork hard to be

extended due touncontrolled urban

sprawlings

Who does what in public transport:CENTRALIZED AUTHORITY

• Power vested by the taxpayers to legislatepolicies and authorize enforcements at thefederal level for systemic and strategic planning,implementation and review of the nation’s masstransit performance, cascading to local level.

• Formulate and monitor performance measures(initiatives, KPIs, standards and targets) for eachresponsible parties

• Has bargaining power and expertise in allocatingrisks and responsibilities between operators andauthorities, and designing non-discriminating taxrevenue distributing scheme.

Who does what in public transport:LOCAL AUTHORITY

• Power vested by taxpayers to fine-tune nationalpolicies and authorize enforcements at the locallevel.

• Manage federal grants to provide dedicatedlanes, signals and structures, depots, stations,hubs, halts and rationalized transit paths.

• Manage local funds to provide infrastructure forsafe and convenient pathways to transit halts

• Assign routes and schedules based on feedback• Transparent contracting to competent operators

Who does what in public transport:OPERATORS

• Operational costs: labor, fuel, maintenance,administration

• Contract renewal based on conformance to standardsmonitored by centralized authority

• Bonus and incentives for increased accessibility(handicapped and seniors) and pollution free engines(NGVs, hybrids)

• Penalties for not achieving agreed KPIs.• Express buses chartered out during non-peak hours

Integrated Rapid Transit System(IRTS)

BUSES• Downtown: Bus Rapid Transit (BRT)

• Intercity: Expressway Rapid Transit (ERT)

• Trunk: Local to Local transit• Local: Suburban feeder service to intercity and trunk

BRT• Dedicated contiguous

bus lanes (fromavailable 3-lanestreets) exclusive forBRT vehicles

• Feeds commutersfrom main IntercityGateways to KLdowntown areas

• Very high frequencyservice

• Very few operatingservice lines

• Exclusive traffic right-of-way signals atintersections

• Heavily monitoredand enforced

DUKE Highway GatewayExtend Sentul TimurLRT until Gateway

BRTPutrajaya

Highw

ay Gatew

ay

KL Sentral BRT Station

Expressway Rapid Transit (ERT)Consider

expresswaysnot heavily

utilized as rapidtransit tracks

ERT

Imagine these rapidtransit tracks withintercity terminals ontop and local terminalson the sides

Future DUKEHighway

Integrate with rail network, with strategic terminalsallowing bus-train and local/city-intercity transit

Serdang Gateway Complex

Local Lines Terminal toBalakong and Cheras

Local Lines Terminal to SeriKembangan and Serdang

Serdang Intercity andInterstate GatewayKomuter and ERLNSE Bus TerminalSg Besi Bus Terminal

Bus Depot

SINCE EXPRESSWAYS CUT OFFTRAVEL BETWEEN SECTIONS OF

POPULATION, OVERHEADPLATFORMS ARE THE ONLY WAY

FOR FAST INTERCHANGE

Local Linesas feeders toIntercity andTrunk Lines

NKVE IntercityGateway

Federal Highway’sTrunk Line Hubs

Komuter Stop

Komuter Stop

• Local lines feed tointercity and trunk

• Trunk line servesinterneighborhoodtrip that can’t beserved by intercity

• Local lines onlyply main roadsand serve smallerneighborhoodareas with well-spaced out stops

• Safe and easyaccess to localstops from innerneighborhoodareas (pathwaysand bike lanes)

Example of rationalization of localroutes by local authorities

LOCAL LINES’ACCESS ROAD

TO GO WEST,TAMAN SG BESIINDAH FOLKS

HAVE TO MAKE U-TURN ON THE FAR

EAST SIDE

PASSAGEWAY FOR BUSSESSHOULD BE SIMPLIFIED,HENCE THE NEED FOR A

SHORTCUT