what every small water system must know about potential audit pitfalls and where to focus efforts
DESCRIPTION
Scott A. Strahley discusses energy conservation during the AEP Ohio Water/Waste Water Customer Seminar at Zane State in Zanesville, Ohio.TRANSCRIPT
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How Energy Conservation Can Save You Money!
June 27th, 2013 AEP Workshop Scott A. Strahley, PE, CEA
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Certified Auditors
Knowledge of Water Systems Operations and Processes
vs.
Equipment and Lights
Alternative Energy
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Short-Term
Long-Term
Water Quality?
Financial Goals?
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Energy Efficiency: Simply the process of doing more, with less. The goal is to accomplish the same tasks and functions as before, while using less energy. -California Center for Sustainable Energy
Through technology and practice
Without compromising quality, safety, or comfort
Lighting: All of Them! 24 x 7 x 365!!!!
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The Impacts of Inefficiency: Generation: Average 50% Efficient Transmission/Distribution: Average 93% Efficient Demand Side: Industrial Assume 90% Efficient Residential Assume 20% Efficient The Impact: Industrial Demand = 239% Residential Demand = 1,075%
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0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24
Time of day
KW
Peaking Plants & Power Purchases
As customer demand increases, additional power plants must come on-line to maintain a reliable electrical system
Intermediate Plants
Base Load Plants
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Estimates Are Indicating That: Nearly 4% of the nation’s electricity is consumed with
respect to water and wastewater facilities
Within the next 15 years, the cost of energy will increase approximately 20%
An increase in utility budgeting will most likely result in increased customer billing charges
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Estimates Are Indicating That: Funding programs have more applications and less
available money
Commonly, facilities have been designed for peak capacity, not to operate efficiently
Most likely the demographics of a community has changed (up or down)
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Understand Your Billing Structure (Classification, Tariff, etc.)
Quantities (kW, kWh, kVAR, Power Factor, etc.)
Accuracy (Estimated, Monthly, Yearly Averages)
Understand Your Facility Processes
Flows
Equipment
Goals
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USEPA’s Energy Star Portfolio Manager All Facility Types
USEPA’s Energy Audit Tool Water and Wastewater Systems
US Dept. of Energy Equipment Evaluation Tools PSAT – Pump System Assessment Tool
MotorMaster +
Simple Excel Spreadsheet
RCAP’s Free Assessment (Small & Medium)
Or Other Program?
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Pump Assessment Avg. Pump Efficiency is Below 40%
Over 10% of Pumps Below 10% Efficiency SAIC Wisconsin Focus on Energy
Evaluation of 1,690 Pumps at 20 Process Plants
Due to: Throttling of Valves
Over-Sizing of Pumps
‘We’ve Always Done It That Way’ Mentality
“Pump Slow……Pump Long”
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Motor Assessment:
Replace vs. Repair vs. Burnout Repair typically is a Rewind
Efficiency Can Drop 2-4 % per Rewind Study by Ontario Hydro on 10-15 kW Motors
-0.3% to -3.4% Efficiency Drop
Typical Cost is 30-60% of a Standard
Burnout negates Standard Costs Only cost of upgrade included in SPB
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100 hp TEFC motor costs ~ $4,543 It costs $12,707 per year to operate
280% of purchase cost!
@ 2,920 hours/yr, 75% load, $.07/kWh
Premium Efficient Saves! 5%, $670/yr, $10,050/15-yrs
Efficiency Demand Use/Year Cost/Year 15-Yr Cost
90% 62 kW 181,536 kWh $12,707 $190,605
95% 58 kW 171,959 kWh $12,037 $180,555
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VFD’s are used for: Controlling Speed
Starting and Acceleration Controls
Reducing Operating Costs
VFD’s will only save (energy) costs when used with a varying load. If the load does not vary, or only varies slightly, there may be no energy savings. The wider the variation, the more likely for savings.
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Lighting (numbers and locations) Interior Ceiling (T-12, T-8, T-5, LED)
Interior Other (Incandescent, CFL, LED)
Exterior (Hi-Intensity, Hi-Pressure, Low-Pressure)
Sensors (Motion, Optical, Timed) Rated Watts, Time-of-Use, Bulbs/Fixture, Ballast Type
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Others: HVAC
Building Envelope
Windows
Lab/Office Equipment
Water Conservation
Phantom Energy
Dehumidifiers
Water Heaters
Heat Cold
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Convoy WWTP
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Analysis Village Population 1,110
Facility Constructed 1938 (upgrade 1987)
Production (MGD): 0.200 Design, 0.248 Actual
Annual Energy Use = 391,036 kWh / yr
Annual Energy Cost = $26,548 / yr
Average Energy Cost = $0.068 / kWh
Energy Use = 4,320 kWh / MG (295%)
Treatment Cost = $293.75 / MG (277%)
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Initial Assessment: Small
Moderately Aged (over 25 yrs)
Low Energy Cost for Region
High Energy Use
High Production
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Aeration Levels
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Flow Analysis
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Flow Trends
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Water Use? Water Production: 0.150 MGD
500 Connections
150 gpd per connection = 0.075 MGD
0.040-0.075 MGD Reduction Potential
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Results: Focused Analysis –
Water Use and Disposal
Main Opportunity Water Meter Installation
Additional Opportunities Equipment
Controls
Aeration
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Pending Capital Improvement Projects Additional Water Well
Additional Storage Tank
Water Main Replacement
Upgrade/Replacement of Wastewater Plant
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Energy Conservation Opportunities Install Water Meters
Educate Community on Water Use
Seek Inflow and Infiltration
Eliminate need for Water Well, Water Tower, Main Replacement, and Wastewater Plant Upgrade
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Summary:
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Grant Efforts
Direct Contracting
Workshops
Trainings
Average 25% Savings Energy and Costs
Less than 1-Year Simple Payback
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Benchmark Your Facility
Compare to Similar Facilities / Systems
Form An Energy Team Define Your Goals
Decide on Level of Audit (I, II, or III) Implementation is Key!
Track Results
Pursue Alternative Energy (Renewable)
Seek Incentives!
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Can the Facility Do the Following: Eliminate the Equipment?
Adjust the Equipment Size/Efficiency?
Reduce the Hours of Usage?
Talk to the Energy Providers to Re-Classify?
Have you considered Alternative Energy Sources?
The ‘EARTH’ process can identify energy conservation opportunities (ECO’s)
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Thank you for your interest! RCAP National Initiative Ohio RCAP Initiative Contact: Scott Strahley, PE, CEA 219 S. Front Street PO Box 590 Fremont, Ohio 43420 Ph: 419-334-4034 [email protected]