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Western Interstate Child Support Enforcement CouncilAnnual Training Conference

Defense Finance and Accounting Service

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Neal W. NelsonAssistant General Counsel

Director, Garnishment Operations ecto , Ga s e t Ope at o s

October 3, 2012

Integrity - Service - Innovation

Integrity - Service - Innovation

DFAS – Garnishment Operations

Responsibilities Workload Systems New Initiatives Child Support Locate and Enforcement Issues Servicemembers’ Civil Relief Act Various Garnishment Issues

9/27/2012 Integrity - Service - Innovation 2

Responsibilities

All Child Support/Alimony Garnishments for All Civilian Employees and Military members Paid by DFAS – DoD, DOE DHHS EPA BBG DVADOE, DHHS, EPA, BBG, DVA

USFSPA Applications for Court-Ordered Divisions of Military Retired Pay

Commercial Garnishments – Civilian Employees Commercial Garnishments – Civilian Employees

Military Commercial Debt Involuntary Allotments

Chapter 13 and Chapter 7 Personal Bankruptcies


Staff Composition

Assistant General Counsel, Director– Neal Nelson

Deputy Assistant General Counsel, Deputy Director– Scott Lafferty

Four Team Attorneys

Four Multi-disciplined Teams – 52 Employees Four Supervisory Paralegalsou Supe so y a a ega s Twelve Paralegals Per Team

Five Support Staff: Executive Assistant S t A l t (IGS) St t Child S t Li i Systems Analyst (IGS), State Child Support Liaison Systems Analyst (IGARN), Telework Coordinator Legal Assistant Secretary

Document Control Center – 9 Employees Supervisory Mail Equipment Operator Eight Mail Equipment Operators


Workload

Court Ordered Actions Processed:

2006 32 281FY 2006: 324,281FY 2007: 342,734FY 2008: 353 807FY 2008: 353,807FY 2009: 409,133 15.6% IncreaseFY 2010 410,940FY 2011 395,146FY 2012 365,001 – Thru 9/1/12

Average Monthly Pay Out: $130 -140 Million


Workload by Case Type

Alimony/Child Support: 67.79%

USFSPA: 13.08%

Commercial Debt: 15.62%Military: 3.24%Civilian: 12 38%Civilian: 12.38%

Bankruptcy: 3.51% Bankruptcy: 3.51%


Garnishment Systems

Payroll Locator File System (PLFS)

PLFS contains DoD Civilians, Military Active Duty, Reserves and Retirees – Also contains information for employees of other agencies that DFAS pays: Currently DOE, DHHS, EPA, BBG and DVA E lDVA Employees

Utilized throughout DFAS

Electronic Document Management System (IGARN)

W kfl M t & I i S tWorkflow Management & Imaging System All Documents Received by Mail are Imaged Interfaces with PLFS & IGS


Fax Gateway – Electronically routes Documents to IGARN

Garnishment Systems (Continued)

Integrated Garnishment System (IGS) Facilitates automated processing of garnishments

• Paralegal is solely responsible for implementing the garnishment• Paralegal is solely responsible for implementing the garnishment• Completely eliminates hand-offs and re-entry of data• Eliminates errors and re-work

Assists paralegals with the validation of legal documents through legal Assists paralegals with the validation of legal documents through legal review functionality

Automates the creation of a variety of notification letters The single interface between IGARN PLFS and Payroll Systems The single interface between IGARN, PLFS and Payroll Systems

• All DFAS pay systems except DJMS-RC are interfaced• Interfaces provide status updates for both the affected employee and

the garnishment transaction – IGS creates notifications based onthe garnishment transaction IGS creates notifications based on feedback from the pay system

IGS utilizes Smart Docs to send electronic notification of garnishments• Decreases receipt time


p• Reduces costs: postage, paper, man hours

Electronic Commerce Initiatives – Kids 1st

DFAS Kids 1st Program Child Support Enforcement Agencies Send Orders Directly to DFAS

o er sec re net ork First of its kind in the co ntr !over secure network - First of its kind in the country! Kids 1st file layout served as the model for the electronic Income

Withholding Order (eIWO) program – Developed in coordination with DFAS Federal Office of Child Support Enforcement (OCSE)with DFAS, Federal Office of Child Support Enforcement (OCSE) and the states

We currently have 31 states using EC to send child support orders to DFAS – Projecting Florida - Fall ’12

FY 10 and FY 11 Production – Over 100,000 electronic orders received - FY 12 is on target to exceed FY 11


Kids 1st - eIWO

Five states use the Web Based process; Georgia - Hawaii – New Mexico – Utah - Wisconsin

One state uses the Batch Process; One state uses the Batch Process; Iowa

Twenty-five states in Production with eIWO; Arizona - California – Colorado – Idaho - Illinois - Indiana –

Massachusetts – Michigan – Missouri -Nebraska – New Jersey -New York - North Carolina – North Dakota – Ohio - Oklahoma –Oregon Pennsylvania South Dakota Tennessee TexasOregon – Pennsylvania – South Dakota -Tennessee - Texas –Virginia – Washington – Washington D.C. - West Virginia

Seven states in Development/Testing Projected Seven states in Development/Testing – Projected Implementation – FY ‘13 Alabama, Arkansas, Connecticut, Delaware, Florida, Hawaii,

Wisconsin


Wisconsin

Electronic Bankruptcy Court Interface

eBCI Implemented February 2010

We are now receiving bankruptcy documents electronically by batch file

FY 2011 – 3179 documents received Benefits –

Decreases time to receive bankruptcy documents Eliminates need to process hard copy documents received by mail Eliminates need to process hard copy documents received by mail Eliminates manual workload to look up missing SSN’s Decreases the probability of violation of the automatic stay by

giving us the opportunity to stop garnishments & debtgiving us the opportunity to stop garnishments & debt collections

Automates the re-routing process of “no-match SSN” documents to Debt and Claims Management


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Organization: Garnishment – Notable Awards

1997 Hammer Award from Vice President Al Gore 1999 ASMC Team Achievement Award for Meritorious

Performance in Electronic Data Management 2000 Valued Partner Award from the Federal Office of

Child Support Enforcement Commissioner 2001 DoD Electronic Commerce Pioneer Finalist Award

from the DoD Joint Electronic Commerce Programfrom the DoD Joint Electronic Commerce Program Office

2001 Employer of the Year in Recognition of Helping 2001 Employer of the Year in Recognition of HelpingChildren through the Kids 1st Program from the State of Oklahoma


Garnishment Notable Awards, (Cont’d)

2004 DoD Applied Innovation Medallion Award for theInterface of IGS with MyPay

200 C S 2004 Eastern Regional Interstate Child Support Association Recognition Award to Garnishment Operations for recognition of its efforts in electronicOperations for recognition of its efforts in electronicchild support initiatives

2004 Administration for Children & Families Office of Child Support Enforcement Commissioners Awardfor Achievement Beyond the Call of Duty

2006 National Child Support Enforcement Association 2006 National Child Support Enforcement Association Award for the Outstanding Employer of the Year (Letter of Recognition from DoD Comptroller)


DoD Policy

ParentsAre To Be

Fi ll R iblFiscally Responsible For Their Children


Service Regulations

Army - AR 608-99

Air Force - AFI 36-2906

Navy - SECNAVINST 7431.1

Marine Corps Marine Corps Order P5800 16 Marine Corps - Marine Corps Order P5800.16 (LEGADMIN) Chapter 15

Coast Guard - PERSMAN Chapter 8M


Locate Issues and VOE’S

Employment information contained in the Quarterly Wage & New Hire Reports ─ these include all pays the member received for the quarter. Federal Parent Locator Service: http://www.acf.hhs.gov/programs/cse/newhire/ndnh/ndnh.htm

A k S Child S Offi f D D E l L Ask State Child Support Office for DoD External Locate Requests ─ sent from the state to DMDC

Active duty/unit duty address Reserves‐unit/duty address Retired‐home address Contact your state technical support liaison listed on ACF website under

hi t tnew hire contacts

Use of subpoena is cumbersome for states & puts heavy b d DFAS


burden on DFAS.

Military Locator

Army Active Duty:Army Worldwide Locator8899 E 56th St t

Navy:Navy Personnel Command(PERS 312)8899 E. 56th Street

Indianapolis, IN 46249-53011-866-771-6357

(PERS 312)5720 Integrity DriveMillington, TN 38055-3120(901) 874 3388

Permanently disabled!(901) 874-3388fax (901) 874-2000

Army Reserve:Commander

Air Force:HQ/AFPC/DPDXIDL550 C. St. West, Suite 50

ARPERCEN9700 Page BlvdSt. Louis, MO 63132

Randolph AFB, TX 78150-4752(210) 565-2660(210) 565-1675

(314) 538-3777

Military Locator (Cont’d)

Marine Corps:HQMC – MMSB -172008 Elliot Road Room 203

Coast Guard:CommanderUS Coast Guard PSC2008 Elliot Road, Room 203

Quantico, VA 22134-5030(703) 784-3941www mmsb usmc mil

US Coast Guard - PSC4200 Wilson Blvd, Suite 1100Arlington, VA 20598(202) 493 1684www.mmsb.usmc.mil (202) 493-1684fax (202) 493-1676Mr. MaldonadoMarvin I Maldonado@uscg [email protected]

Service of Process

Jurisdictional Issue

Personal Service

Service Overseas http://travel.state.gov/law/judicial/judicial_680.html


Facilitating Service of Process

Army:Office of the Judge Advocate GeneralAttn: DAJA LAAttn: DAJA-LA2200 Army PentagonWashington, D.C. 20310(703) 588 6708

Air Force:

AFLSA/JACA1420 Ai F P t(703) 588-6708 1420 Air Force PentagonWashington, D.C. 20330‐1420(703) 697‐0413

Navy:Office of the Judge Advocate General (Code 16)

( )

1322 Patterson Avenue, SESuite 3000Washington Navy Yard, D.C. 20374-5066


(202) 685-4637

Facilitating Service of Process

Marine Corps:Paralegal SpecialistHeadquarters, US Marine Corps

Coast Guard:United States Coast GuardG PC (USCG)q , p

(JAR)2 Navy AnnexQuantico, VA 22134

G-PC (USCG)Room 4100E, CGHQDepartment of TransportationWashington D C 20590(703) 614-3880 Washington, D.C. 20590(202) 267-2799

Voluntary Acknowledgement of Paternity

Previous DoD policy - Out of wedlock children were dependents for health care benefits Judicial determination of paternity Dependent upon member for more than 50 percent of his or her

support

January 28, 2008 - New policy expands and creates a third category: a voluntary acknowledgement ofthird category: a voluntary acknowledgement of paternity Policy is to facilitate entitlements to military benefits provided to

hild f U if d S i M bchildren of Uniformed Service Members


Resources – Support Enforcement

‘Working with the Military as an Employer – A Quick Guide’http://www.acf.hhs.gov/programs/cse/newhire/employer/publication/military_quick_guide.pdf

‘Working with the Military on Child Support Matters: Trainer g y ppGuide’http://www.acf.hhs.gov/programs/cse/pubs/training/working_with_military/

Servicemembers’ Civil Relief Act (SCRA)


Time for a Change

“Congress has long recognized that the men fand women of our military services should have civil legal

protections so they can "devote their entire energy to the defense needs of the Nation." With hundreds of thousands of servicemembers fighting in the war on terrorism and the war in Iraq, many of them mobilized from the reserve components, the Committee believes the Soldiers' and Sailors' Civil Relief Act (SSCRA) should be restated and strengthened to ensure that its protections meet their needs in the 21st century.”

House Committee on Veterans Affairs Report 108 H. Rpt. 81


Servicemembers’ Civil Relief Act (SCRA)

Purposes of the SCRA:

(1) to provide for, strengthen, and expedite the national defense through protection extended by this Act to service members of the United States to enable such persons to devote their entire penergy to the defense needs of the Nation; and

(2) t id f th t i f j di i l d (2) to provide for the temporary suspension of judicial and administrative proceedings and transactions that may adversely affect the civil rights of service members during their military

iservice.


New Improved SCRA

On 19 December 2003, President Bush signed the SCRA, a complete revision of the SSCRA.

The SCRA was written to: Clarify the language of the SSCRA Clarify the language of the SSCRA Incorporate and codify many years of judicial interpretation of the

SSCRA U d t th SSCRA t fl t d l t i A i lif i Update the SSCRA to reflect developments in American life since

1940


ORGANIZATION

Found at 50 USC App. §§ 501-596 (cites herein are to 50 U.S.C. App. § ___)

Titl I G l P i i Title I - General Provisions Title II - General Relief

Default judgments and stays --§§ 521 522 524 525 Default judgments and stays §§ 521, 522, 524, 525 Fines & Penalties in contracts - § 523 Statutes of Limitation --§ 526 M i t f i t t § 527 Maximum rate of interest - § 527

Title III (§§ 531-538) Major substantive protections against evictions, termination of j p g ,

installment contracts, foreclosure on mortgages, and termination of leases by lessees, protection to dependents


ORGANIZATION (cont.)

Title IV - Life Insurance (§§ 541-549)

Title V - Taxes and Public Lands § 571 - Residence for tax purposes§ p p

Title VI - Administrative Remedies

Title VII - Further Relief


Scope of the SCRA

Who is Covered:Active Military

A N Ai F M i C C t G d Army, Navy, Air Force, Marine Corps, Coast GuardReservists called to active dutyNational Guard in Title 10 status or Title 32 status if called to active

duty for more than 30 days for purposes of responding to a nationalduty for more than 30 days for purposes of responding to a national emergency declared by the President and supported by federal funds

Not applicable to: RetireesRetirees Civilian Employees DoD Contractors Dependents* Dependents

*Certain protections may apply to contractual obligations of dependents (e.g., leases terminations)


Proceedings/Orders Covered by SCRA

Judicial Proceedings

Administrative proceedings (as of Dec. 2003)

Entry of interim orders (as of Dec. 2004)

Entry of final orders Entry of final orders

The SCRA has very limited effect on the enforcement The SCRA has very limited effect on the enforcement of withholding orders (garnishments)


Automatic Stays

As a general rule, the court must grant an initial stay of proceeding for no less than 90 days if properly requested by the Service member (plaintiff or defendant).by the Service member (plaintiff or defendant).

Rationale:

With delayed mail delivery and diminished opportunities to consult with legal counsel so common to military service, a period of time is needed to allow an adequate opportunity for servicemembers to consult with military or civilian counsel, and to respond to the courts.


Member Requests for Stay of Proceedings

Two-fold request: Communication from the service member:

S i f h f i hi h ili d i i ll• Setting forth facts in which current military duty requirements materially affect his/her ability to appear

• Stating a date when the Service member will be available to appear

Letter from the Service member’s commanding officer affirming the following:

S i b ' ilit d t t• Service member's military duty prevents an appearance• Military leave is not authorized for the Service member at the time of the

letter If this letter contains the Service member’s available court dates If this letter contains the Service member s available court dates,

the court may deem the letter sufficient to pass the two-fold test.


Effect of Request for Stay on Member’s Rights

Application for a stay under §522 does not constitute an appearance for jurisdictional purposes and doesan appearance for jurisdictional purposes and does not constitute a waiver of any substantive or procedural defense (including a defense relating to lack of personal jurisdiction).


DOD Instruction 1327.6 - Leave & Liberty

Mandates that service member’s commander grant leave for paternity and support hearings.

Exceptions: Service member is deployed in a war Service member is deployed in a war Exigencies of military service require denial of such a request


Subsequent Requests for Stay

Court has the discretion to grant or deny the stay

If the court denies the stay, it must appoint an attorney to represent the service member


SCRA and Default Judgments

When a defendant does not appear in court or respond to court summons, the SCRA requires a sworn affidavit b th l i tiff t ti ithby the plaintiff stating either: Whether or not the defendant is in military service and showing necessary

facts to support the affidavit Th l i tiff i bl t d t i h th t th d f d t i i The plaintiff is unable to determine whether or not the defendant is in

military service.

C f f ili t fil ffid it Consequences of failing to file an affidavit A non-service member defendant has no remedy. If the defendant is a service member, then the order can be voided and is

subject to attack upon a showing that the service member:• is materially affected by reason of military service in making a

defense to the actionh it i l l d f t ll t f th ti


• has a meritorious or legal defense to all or part of the action.


If defendant is not in the military, the plaintiff may proceed to final judgment.

If defendant is in the military the court is required to If defendant is in the military, the court is required to appoint an attorney for the defendant.


Appointed Counsel

When defendant is a service member, the court must appoint an attorney prior to granting a default j d tjudgment

Duties of appointed attorney Duties of appointed attorney protects Service member’s rights determines status and seeks stay

Can’t waive rights or bind service member



SCRA default guidance applies to all of the following: Final Judgments Interim Orders (New) Court OrdersCourt Orders Administrative Support Orders but… not to administrative

enforcement remedies, such as liens, wage withholdings, etc.


Certificate of Military Status

Defense Manpower Data Center (DMDC) Provide Certificate as to military service on the

I t t t bl d t ti t h h thInternet – acceptable documentation to show whether he/she is in the military


https://www.dmdc.osd.mil/scra/owa/scra.home

DMDC Certificate of Military Status

If the Service member is on active duty, this is what you’ll see:


DMDC Certificate of Non-Military Status

If the Service member is NOT on active duty, this is what you’ll see:


Reopening a Default Judgment

Service member can request court to re-open judgment any time during Service member’s period of military service

Service member or their attorney can also file an application to re-open within 90 days of the end of military service


6% Rate Cap

SCRA rule on interest New law clarifies that interest above 6% must be New law clarifies that interest above 6% must be

forgiven (some creditors were deferring interest) Applies to child/spousal support arrearages Applies to only those arrearages incurred prior to

induction to active duty Material affect analysis applies Material affect analysis applies Under SCRA, Service member must request the cap

and produce orders

FEIN for Military & Civilian Employees

Army (Active Duty) 359990000 Army (Reserve Duty) 351819323 Air Force (Active Duty) 849990000 Air Force (Active Duty) 849990000 Air Force (Reserve Duty) 849980000 Navy (Active Duty) 349990000 Navy (Reserve Duty) 349980000 Navy (Reserve Duty) 349980000 Marine Corp (Active & Reserve) 539990000 Retired Pay 340727612 DoD Civilian Employees 311575142 DoE Civilian Employees 530197006 HHS Civilian Employees 530196960 HHS Civilian Employees 530196960 EPA Civilian Employees 520852695 BBG Civilian Employees 522260085 D t t f V t Aff i 123456789


Department of Veterans Affairs 123456789

Military Pay Resources

DoD Pay Tables and How to Read a Leave and Earnings Statement (LES)

http://www.dfas.mil/dfas/militarymembers.htmlhttp://www.dfas.mil/dfas/militarymembers.html

Basic Allowance for Housing (BAH)http://www.defensetravel.dod.mil/site/bah.cfm(Contains BAH tables & ip code feat re to search)(Contains BAH tables & zip code feature to search)

Figuring Support Obligations

States will establish support amount in accordance with their State’s guidelines:

Most States use “all income” to compute the amountIncludes both taxable and non‐taxable incomeIncludes pay and allowances

Military Base Pay by Rank and Time in Service

Special Pays

Allowances:BAH (Basic Allowance for Housing) ‐ Amount increases with RankBAS (Basic Allowance for Subsistence)


What is Disposable Pay?

IT DEPENDS! The type of garnishment action determines how Disposable Pay is calculated – Generally:

Gross Pay Minus Authorized Deductionsy

For Child Support Cases:

Includes All “Pay Items” – Base Pay and Special PaysBonuses Included – However…

Excludes – Allowances like BAH, BAS, Taxes – But… “Normal” retirement deductions – TSP


See 5 C.F.R. §581

Military Pay

The quarterly wage report provided to NDNH includes all income received by a military person.

Special Skills Pays Flight pay Hazardous duty payy p y Career Sea pay Submarine duty pay Jump pay Many others Many others

Bonuses Lump‐sum (usually for Re‐enlisting) Lump sum (usually for Re enlisting)

A detailed list of those pays can be found in the DFAS Quick Guide (See DFAS web site under child support


Quick Guide. (See DFAS web site under child support agencies’ information).

Pay Office Addresses

Obtain Service Members’ Payroll Information from the Appropriate Military Finance Center

Air Force Active Duty, Air Force Reserves & National Guard

DFAS Indianapolis

Navy Active Duty, Navy ReservesDFAS Cleveland

Attn: DFAS CL‐GAF2 0 9 h SAttn: DFAS IN‐GA

8899 East 56th StreetIndianapolis, IN 46249

1240 E. 9th StreetCleveland, OH 44199

Marine Corps Active Duty

Army Active Duty, Army Reserves & Army National Guard

DFAS Indianapolis

DFAS ClevelandAttn: DFAS‐CL ‐FCRAF1240 E. 9th StreetCleveland, OH 44199

Attn: DFAS IN‐FJEF8899 East 56th StreetIndianapolis, IN 46249‐0865

Marine Corps Reserve DutyDFAS ClevelandAttn: DFAS‐CL‐FPPR


1240 East 9th StreetCleveland, OH 44199

Methods for Collecting Child Support

Three Methods for Collecting Child Support

O f Income Withholding Order – This order is separate from the order establishing the obligation and may be issued by a court or administrative body

Statutory Involuntary Allotment – Must be initiated by “authorized official”authorized official

Uniformed Services Former Spouses’ Protection Act –N ithh ldi l F SNo withholding language necessary. Former Spouse submits divorce decree or other order that establishes obligation


Legal Authority

The laws and regulations we use:

Child Support/Alimony Child Support/Alimony Statutory Involuntary Allotments - 42 USC 665, 32 CFR 54

• Proposed legislation to repeal Garnishments - 42 USC 659 5 CFR 581 Garnishments - 42 USC 659, 5 CFR 581

Commercial Debt - Civilian/Military Civilian - 5 USC 5520a, 5 CFR 582 Military - 5 USC 5520a, 32 CFR 112, 113

Uniformed Services Former Spouses’ Protection Act 10 USC 1408, DoDFMR Vol 7B, Chap 29, , p

Consumer Credit Protection Act - 15 USC 1673 Servicemembers’ Civil Relief Act - 50 USC App. 501 Et

seq


seq.

Child Support

Use Income Withholding Orders (IWO) under 42 U.S.C. §659 or statutory allotment under 42 U.S.C. §665

IWO quicker to Implement

IWO can also be sent electronically through Kids 1st –eIWO

Allocation - When we receive a second or subsequent order and the member’s disposable pay is insufficient to pay all ordered amounts, we must allocate payments between the orders.


Uniformed Services Former Spouses’ Protection Act (USFSPA)

Allows Applicant to Apply for Payment of:

Division of Retired Pay as Property Current Child Support Child S A Child Support Arrears Current Alimony

Maximum Payment: 50% of Disposable Pay If Combined with Garnishment Order - 65% Maximum

Contact Information

Send garnishment orders to:

DFAS‐HGA‐CLP O Box 998002

Cl l d OH 44199 8002Cleveland, OH 44199‐8002

Customer Service: 1‐888‐332‐7411Customer Service: 1 888 332 7411Fax Gateway: 1‐877‐622‐5930Website: http://www.dfas.mil/

(click on the Garnishment link under the Quick Links Section)(click on the Garnishment link under the Quick Links Section)


Helpful Website LinksDFASPay Tables http://www.dfas.mil/militarypay/2006militarypaytables/2007_Web_Pay_Table.pdfExplanation of LES http://www.dfas.mil/militarypay/militaryemploymentverification.htmlBAH Calculator https://secureapp2.hqda.pentagon.mil/perdiem/bah.htmlMy Pay https://mypay.dfas.mil/mypay.aspxCombat Zone - IRS Impact http://www.irs.gov/newsroom/article/0,,id=101262,00.htmlCombat Zones around the world http://www.irs.gov/newsroom/article/0,,id=108331,00.htmlRAPIDS Locator http://www.dmdc.osd.mil/rsl/owa/homeMAILUSPS htt //USPS http://www.usps.comDomestic Manual http://pe.usps.com/text/dmm300dmm300_landing.htmInternational Mail Manual http://pe.usps.com/text/imm/welcome.htmMilitary Mail Address APO/FPO https://tops.ppcigweb.sddc.army.mil/ppcig/home/appendicesPostOffices.jspMilitary Postal Service Agency http://hqdainet.army.mil/mpsa/index.htmLOCATELOCATEMilitary Installation Guide http://hqdainet.army.mil/mpsa/index.htmFind a buddy http://community.military.com/buddy-finder/Together we served http://www.togetherweserved.comNavy Ship Addresses http://www.navy.mil/navydata/ships/lists/ship-fpo.aspMarine Unit Locations http://www usmc mil/marinelink/websites nsf/unitslocationMarine Unit Locations http://www.usmc.mil/marinelink/websites.nsf/unitslocationArmy Installations http://www.imcom.army.mil/site/imcom/default.aspSCRA https://www.dmdc.osd.mil/scra/owa/homeHague ConventionService of Process Convention http://www.hcch.net/index_en.php?act=text.display&tid=44Evidence Convention http://www.hcch.net/index en.php?act=conventions.text&cid=82Evidence Convention http://www.hcch.net/index_en.php?act conventions.text&cid 82US State Department-service of pro http://travel.state.gov/law/info/judicial/judicial_680.htmlUS State Department-child support http://travel.state.gov/law/info/info_608.html#states

Questions?
