week 7 nonfiction

8/11/2019 Week 7 Nonfiction

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WEEK 7

Exploring and Exploiting

Stories in the Primary ESLClassroom

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Nonfiction Written for the purpose of providing factual

info.

Such books for young readers use either a text

or a narrative format.

The narrative ones are familiar to children

Writers of such books have an obligation to

impart only accurate info to children

If any misinformation, misleading or outdated

info found in old books must be explained to

children and accurate info should be supplied.

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However, the best books for presenting info

are FICTIONAL storybooks.

This is cos stories are so compelling andchildren can often relate to them better than

nonfiction.

Therefore, the use of fiction to present infocan be done as long as it is clear and accurate

info.

Children shld be made to be aware that info isNOT absolute, esp in area of science.

Learning that info changes fosters the

beginnings of critical thinking.YongLC_2012


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DEFINITION AND DESCRIPTION Nonfiction writing is often referred to as

expository writing or writing that explains

Fiction writing is narrative writing or writing

that tells a story.

Some countries recognise a type of literature

that has elements of both fiction and

nonfiction and call it FACTION.

Nonfiction is usually classified as eitherBIOGRAPHY or INFORMATIONAL literature.

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BIOGRAPHY gives factual information about

lives of actual people including their

experiences, influences, accomplishments andlegacies. (but it is more narrative than

expository in nature. Hence it resembles

fiction than nonfiction in its element) An AUTOBIOGRAPHY is similar in every

respect to biography, except that the author

tells about his or her own life. INFORMATIONAL books can be written on any

aspect of the biological, social or physical

world, including what is known of outer space.YongLC_2012


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ELEMENTS OF NONFICTIONSTRUCTURE: How the author organises the info. to be

presented.

1. Descriptioncharacteristics of the topic

2. Sequence - items are listed in order, usually

chronologically or numerically.

3. Comparisoninclude 2 or more entities and list

similarities and differences.

4. Cause and effect

5. Problem and solution (question and answer)

THEME: the main point made in the work

STYLE: how authors and illustrators express

themselves in their res ective media.YongLC_2012


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Guidelines in choosing factual

(nonfiction) books

1. The book should be checked for accuracy of

info.

2. Note the copyright date to ensure that the

material is as up-to-date as possible.

3. When charts or pictures are used, they

should be simple, clear and easy to read.

4. The readability of the material should be

appropriate for the childrens age group.

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SELECTING BOOKS

When choosing informational books for young

children, it is impt to realise that many FICTIONtitles shld be included along with NONFICTION ones

cos a great amt. of carefully researched and

accurate info is provided by some fiction authors. YL are open to learning things through narrative

stories.

Opportunities exist for correlating diff contentareas. E.g. the nursery rhyme Twinkle, twinkle little

star can be used to introduce a science concept of

Stars and the Galaxy etc.YongLC_2012


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Over the past decade, a large

number of books are published

dealing with social studies,

science, math, etc. for YL.

In each of these areas, nonfictionbooks can be COMBINED with

fiction books to present anabundance of factual info.

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PICTURE BOOKS/ WORDLESS

PICTURE BOOKS

A picture book is a special kind of

book for a special audience. (Very

young children/ preschoolers) Younger children (Year 35) who

CANNOT read many words, gain

much of their understanding of a

story from the illustrations and thru

listening to the story.YongLC_2012


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A picture book must possess:

A well-developed plot Theme

Setting

Characterisation Use appropriate style

Use appropriate print dimension

Use appropriate page size

Have special unity betw text and illustration

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In most picture books, the words

printed on the page ARE NOT always

necessary to comprehend the action,flow and intent of the story.

The author, illustrator and reader ofa good picture book enjoy a

COMMUNAL experience that

transcends the written lang.

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WORDLESS PICTURE BOOKS

Also known as textless books. In some picture books, words have been

completely ELIMINATED.

The story is revealed thru a sequence ofillustrations with NO words.

Wordless picture books is a format, so it is

found in all genres. Here, skillful illustrators develop a full plot

thru their artwork, making printed words

unneccessary. YongLC_2012


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First gain popularity in the late 1960s.

Suitable to be used to help children

express a verbal translation of objects or

situations in illustrations. (Cianciolo,

1973)

Suitable to be used to develop language

as children interpret pictures in wordless

books, hence providing opportunities fordeveloping childrens vocab and syntax.

(D Angelo, 1981)

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Advantages of making wordless picture books

accessible to children: (Stewig, 1980)

1. Aid development of visual literacythe lang of image

2. Can be interpreted and enjoyed by children who do not

read well or do not read at all, those with learning

disability or limited English proficiency.

3. Help parents and teachers assess and develop childrensthinking and lang abilities

4. Serve as a stimulus for a lang experience account (LEA)

that can be used for early reading instruction.

5. Develop imagination by stimulating an oral or written

interpretation of the plot.

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Using Wordless Books to analyse

character traits

Used with primary-grade children (7-12)

to help them analyse story characters.

As characterisation is expressed indescriptions of actions, motivations and

related thoughts of the character,

children can deduce all these thru. theillustrations alone

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CONCEPT BOOKS


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CONCEPT BOOKS Include counting and ABC books.

One area of childrens literature that have seen

tremendous growth and some interesting

developments.

Examples include:

Pop-up books, pop-out books, poke-through-the-

hole books, puppet books, books cut into shapes,

books cut into puzzles, big books, mini books and

textured books.

Concept books are fun to use, and they help

motivate children to learn about spatial concepts,

numbers and colours. YongLC_2012


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OF BOOKS

It is important to expose children to a wide variety of

quality literature. Some benefits are to :

1. Foster a love of stories, sharing, literature and wonder.

2. Encourage YL to connect to people and their

environment by enjoying their world and graduallyincluding more ideas into that world.

3. Encourage YL to have a desire to learn

4. See reading as an enjoyable path to understanding theworld, an important step to literacy.

5. Reinforce other activities or serve as a starting point fo

an activity. YongLC_2012


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LITERATURE ACROSS THE CURRICULUM

Literature is only ONE of the things that

should be provided to children in their

formative years.

Age-appropriate academics, art, music, free

play, nutrition and other parts of the

programme MUST all be addressed as well.

Therefore, there is a need to integrate

literature into the curriculum to address the

total development of children.

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LITERATURE ACROSS THE

CURRICULUM Refers to using works of literature in the content

areas of social studies, science, health and

mathematics.

Students may experience good literature in thesecontent-area classes when teachers supplement or

replace textbooks (written for the intention for

instruction) with trade books ( book writtenprimarily for the purposes of entertainment and

information. E.g. all library books and story books)

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Students who lack motivation and struggle in

reading can benefit from reading attractively

illustrated trade books on the topic under study. Trade books make social studies content more

memorable cos stories are presented from a

childs point of view

Trade books also permit students to read multiple

perspectives on topics, which helps them develop

critical thinking.

Trade books in science and health offer the

advantage of presenting diff sources as a means

to verify facts.YongLC_2012


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DISCUSSIONQUESTIONS FOR THOUGHT AND DISCUSSION:

1. What is the difference between:

a)Realistic fiction and modern fantasy

b) Fiction and nonfiction books

c) Picture books and wordless

picture books

2. Why and when should a teacher use

each type?YongLC_2012


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TUTORIALISSUES IN PICTURE BOOKS:

1.Do Literature books have to containwords????? Discuss.

2.Select a wordless `picture book and use the

story map format to outline each element ofthe story structure that you identify from the

illustrations.

3.Do you believe this book qualifies as

literature?

4. Do a character analysis of the traits of the

characters in the wordless book chosen.YongLC_2012


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