webinar nbs concept, practice and benefits€¦ · this project has received funding from the...

This project has received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme, Call H2020-SC5-2016-2017 Greening the economy, under grant agreement No 730338.

Webinar – NBS Concept,

Practice and Benefits

17 January 2019

Nikolaos P. Nikolaidis

Technical

University

Of Crete

Facing Societal Grand Challenges

Climate change

EnergyIncreased demand 50% by 2030 (IEA)

FoodIncreased demand 50% by 2030 (FAO)

WaterIncreased demand

30% by 2030 (IFPRI)

Food – Water – Energy Nexus

Nature Based SolutionsLiving solutions inspired and supported by nature that simultaneously provide environmental, social and economic benefits and help to build resilience

Solutions that bring more nature and natural features and processes into cities, landscapes and seascapes, through locally adapted, resource-efficient and systemic interventions

However, the uptake by cities, scientists, managers etc. is lagging

Solutions inspired by NATURE – The Grand EngineerGreen Infrastructure Benefits(Sustainable Cities Collective –

Pinterest image collection)

NBS Classification - Typology

Eggermont et al., 2015. GAIA 24/4 (2015): 243 – 248

Degree of intervention/level and type of engineering

• Strategies• Actions• Physical projects

Degree of intervention/level and type of engineering

TYPE 1 - no or minimal intervention in ecosystems - better use of natural/protected ecosystems (Strategies)

•Protection and Conservation Strategies•Urban Planning Strategies•Monitoring•Coastal Areas

TYPE 2 - NBS for sustainability and multi-functionality of managed ecosystems (Actions)•Urban Green Spaces Management•Waste Management

TYPE 3 - Design and management of new ecosystems (Physical Projects)•Ground•Water•Building and Structures

NBS Classification - Typology

TYPE 1 - no or minimal intervention in ecosystems -better use of natural/ protected ecosystems(Strategies)

•Protection and Conservation Strategies•Urban Planning Strategies•Monitoring•Coastal areas

TYPE 2 - NBS for sustainability and multi-functionality of managed ecosystems (Actions)

•Urban Green Spaces Management•Waste Management

TYPE 3 - Design and management of new ecosystems (Physical projects)

•Ground•Parks and gardens•Urban network structures•Structures for food and resources production•Ecological restoration•Choices of plants•Systems for erosion control•Works on soil

•Building and Structures•Green roofs•Green Walls•Vegetated Pergola•Materials

Based on the degree of intervention/level and type of engineering

NBS Classification – 100 NBS


•Water•Natural and semi-natural water bodies and hydrographic networks•Constructed wetlands and built structures for water management•Urban Blue infrastructure•Coastal areas

1. Develop the EU-wide evidence base regarding the benefits, cost-effectiveness and economic viability of NBS,

•Common Knowledge repository and data management

2. Establish a European reference framework for NBS •Common Evaluation Framework - indicators

3. Build a NBS and Innovative Community of Practice – The ThinkNature stakeholder engagement and knowledge hub Platform

4. Create a global market•Establish new business and governance models –the business case of NBS

EU Vision and Actions

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NBS Design – Be Bold

Yanweizhou Park in Jinhua City

Star Trek - Armada of the Borg Cubes

“We are the Borg. Your biological and technological distinctiveness will be added to our own. Resistance is futile."

Knowledge synthesis – not THE BORG

Need to hear all voices- NBS co-design

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NBS Design – Be Bold and Co-DesignKoiliaris River – River Bank Erosion Protection

and Riparian Forest Restoration

• re-establish riparian forest to 20-30 m from the river bank

• involve farmers to understand the co-benefits

Agricultural fields next to the river

One line of trees remains and failing

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Follows us – Join us

Presentation AppendixSlides not shown

1.NBS Classification Catalogue2.ThinkNature Case Study Template

•Protection and Conservation Strategies•Limit or prevent specific uses and practices•Ensure continuity with ecological network•Protect forests from clearing and degradation from logging, fire and unsustainable levels of non-timber resource extraction•Maintain and enhance natural wetlands

•Urban Planning Strategies•Ensure continuity with ecological network•Account for distribution of public green spaces through the city•Planning tools to control urban expansion

•Monitoring•Bio-indicators

•Coastal areas•Protect remaining intertidal muds, saltmarshes and mangrove communities, seagrass beds and vegetated dunes from further degradation, fragmentation and loss.•Prohibit new aquaculture developments in intertidal areas.•Encourage development of early successional sand dune habitats (dry dunes and wet slacks) where carbon sequestration rates are high.

TYPE 1 - no or minimal intervention in ecosystems - better use of natural/ protected ecosystems (Strategies)

•Urban Green Spaces Management•Direct human intervention

•Sustainable use of fertilizers•Integrated pest management•Integrated weed management•Integrated and ecological management - spatial aspects•Integrated and ecological management - time and frequency aspects•create and preserve habitats and shelters for biodiversity

•Use of Fauna•use of grazing animals•Insect hotels for wild bees•Beehives for honey bees

•Waste Management •composting

TYPE 2 - NBS for sustainability and multi-functionality of managed ecosystems (Actions)

Ground

•Parks and gardens•Large urban park•Heritage park•Botanical garden•Pocket garden/park•Community garden•Green cemetery•Urban green spaces•Hedge and planted fence•private garden•Urban forest•Flower field•Urban green space for specific uses•Wood•lawn•Single tree

•Choices of plants•Introduced plants•Vegetation diversification•Plant and bio-filter features

•Systems for erosion control•Soil and slope revegetation•Strong slope revegetation•Retain and restore forest cover on steep slopes•Protect remaining intertidal muds, saltmarshes and mangrove communities, seagrass beds and vegetated dunes from further degradation, fragmentation and loss

•Urban network structures•Green tram track•Street tree•Green strip•green waterfront•Unsealed parking lot•Green parking lot

•Structures for food and resources production

•vegetable garden•Urban orchards•Urban vineyards•meadow•Urban farm

•Ecological restoration•Quarry restoration•Phytoremediation•use of pre-existing vegetation


•Create new intertidal habitat through afforestation, or planting of saltmarsh or seagrass at appropriate elevations in the tidal frame•Replace hard engineered river stabilization with softer alternatives (e.g. willow-based)•Plant trees/hedges/perennial grass strips to intercept surface run-off

•Works on soil•Structural soil•Soil improvement•Mulching•Agro-ecological practices•Increase soil organic matter by incorporating manure, compost, biosolids or incorporating crop residues to enhance carbon storage

•Works on soil•Structural soil•Soil improvement•Mulching•Agro-ecological practices•Increase soil organic matter by incorporating manure, compost, biosolids or incorporating crop residues to enhance carbon storage•Integrate biochar into agricultural soils•Use grazing management and animal impact as farm and ecosystem development tools•Change crop rotations•Use soil conservation measures (such as cover crops, wind breaks, deep-rooted plants and minimum or conservation tillage) to increase soil water holding capacity and infiltration rates•Enrichment planting in degraded and regenerating forests

•Systems for erosion control

TYPE 3 - Design and management of new ecosystems (Physical projects) - Ground


•Water•Natural and semi-natural water bodies and hydrographic networks

•Restore wetlands in areas of groundwater recharge•Reconnect rivers with floodplains to enhance natural water storage•Re-vegetation of riverbanks•Re-meander rivers (where they have been artificially straightened) to help reduce speed and height of flood peaks

•Constructed wetlands and built structures for water management•Use engineered reedbeds/wetlands for tertiary treatment of effluent•Target ponds/wetland creation to trap sediment/pollution runoff in farmed landscape•Restore grassland/low input arable in drinking water catchments

•Urban Blue infrastructure•Rivers or streams, including re-meandering, re-opening-Blue corridors•Sustainable Urban Drainage Systems-Permeable Pavements


•Water•Coastal areas

•Re-establish and restore previous intertidal habitat by de-poldering or coastal realignment.•Restore micro-topography, creek networks, sediment inputs and nutrient exchange in abandoned aquaculture ponds.•Create new intertidal habitat through planting of mangroves, saltmarsh or seagrass at appropriate elevations in the tidal frame.•Enhance or facilitate habitat expansion, including the facilitated range expansion of mangroves, as warming conditions and changes in storm occurrence permit.•Establish appropriate levels of saltmarsh grazing pressure to stimulate below-ground biomass production and carbon uptake.•Restore or enhance sediment supplies from river or coastal sources to encourage carbon sequestration by coastal wetlands.


Building and Structures•Green roofs

•Intensive green roof•Semi-intensive green roof•Extensive green roof•Roof Pond

•Green Walls•Climber green wall•Green wall system•Planter green wall•Private gardens

•Vegetated Pergola•Materials

•Bio-waste based Growing Materials, including mycelium.

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ThinkNature Platform: Case Study Template

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