CHAPTER 3

Warm-up

What is a sub-continent? What do you remember about India

from last year World Geography?

Indus River Valley Civilization Indian subcontinent Indian Ocean Mountain ranges (Himalayas) Two great rivers- Ganges River flows

southeast through a fertile valley West the Indus River flows southwest

across the a drier plain.

Indus River Valley Civilization Climate: Monsoons Winds that mark the seasons in India

November to March. Blow from the north and northeast.

Warm-up

“ A changing Society” describe how the Indian caste system and Americas social classes are different or the same…

Indus River Valley Civilization 2500 BC/ River valley lasted till 1500

BC Two ancient cities Harappa, Mohenjo

Daro named it the Harappan civilization

Had wide streets, had a water system with public baths and brick sewers.

Two story brick homes (had bathrooms and garbage chutes)

Citadel-built on brick platform

Indus River Valley Civilization Rich farmlands Grew cotton, wheat, barley, rice Raised cattle, sheep, pigs, and goats Irrigated their fields, farmers build

canals and ditches. Written language Worshiped a great god, worshiped a

bull, buffalo, and the tiger.

Indo-Aryan Migrants

1750 BC tribes of Indo –European people began to cross the Hindu-Kush Mountains

Came from the North of the Black and Caspian Seas.

Indo-Aryan Migrants

Vedic Age: Sheep & cattle herders as well as skilled

warriors. Conquered all of Northern India… Vedas: Indo Aryans’ great works of

religious literature. Sankskrit language Period from 1500 BC to 1000BC the

Vedic Age. Religion: Vedas drawn from nature.

Earth, fire, light, rain, sky, storms, sun, and water.

Indo-Aryan Migrants

Vedic Age: Brahmins- special priests, became

important in Indo-Aryan society. Sanskrit became the language used by priests in their rituals.

Hinduism & Buddhism

Developed in India Upanishads- explanations of the Vedic religion Stories developed into stories, combined into two

epics. Epics- long poems based on historical or religious

themes. Became known as the Mahabharata and

Ramayan Mahabharata tells the great story of a great

battle in a kingdom in what is now northern India. Epic is known as the Bhagavad Gita(famous in

the Hindu scriptures.)

Hinduism & Buddhism

Changing Society: Transformed Indian society between

1500 B.C. and 500 AD. Establishment of the cast system:

Cast system: a complex form of social organization that began to take shape after the Indo-Aryan migration.

Hinduism

India's major religion, Hinduism…. Upanishads, divine essence called

Brahman fills everything in the world.

Belief in the unity of God and creation is called monism