Warm-Up:Warm-Up:

What events (4 of them) just occurred it the last What events (4 of them) just occurred it the last unit that was a conflict between two religions?unit that was a conflict between two religions?

What were the two religions involved in the What were the two religions involved in the conflict?conflict?

What is the holy city that the two religions What is the holy city that the two religions came into conflict about?came into conflict about?

Muslim EmpireMuslim Empire

How could the extent of the Muslim empire affect Africa?

New languages, Trade, Cultural Diffusion, Religion, Math, Medicine, Moral Conduct, Family Life, Business Matters, tax to help the poor

Africa Gold and Salt Africa Gold and Salt TradeTrade Arab and Berber traders took salt from the Arab and Berber traders took salt from the

Sahara to trade for gold in West Africa. (and Sahara to trade for gold in West Africa. (and vice versa)vice versa)

Clothes and weapons from the Mediterranean Clothes and weapons from the Mediterranean port were taken to West Africa.port were taken to West Africa.

Natural barrier for trade

Discussion QuestionsDiscussion Questions

1. What are the challenges and impacts between West Africa trade routes, the Sahara, and the Mediterranean ports?

2. Compare the Africa Gold and Salt Trade to the Silk Road?

Similarities: Long distances, cultural diffusion, growth of wealth, trading slaves, trading ideas

Differences: Silk Road- silk and spices, and covering several continents

African Gold and Salt- gold, salt, all in Africa

Effects of the Spread of Effects of the Spread of Islam into AfricaIslam into Africa

Blending new languagesBlending new languages New trading settlements emerge along the coast of New trading settlements emerge along the coast of

AfricaAfrica The Selling of SlavesThe Selling of Slaves Growth of commerce and trade in East AfricaGrowth of commerce and trade in East Africa Interactions with Muslims bring wealth to Asia and Interactions with Muslims bring wealth to Asia and

Africa by way of trade routes.Africa by way of trade routes.How does Slavery in the Middle Ages in Europe compare to slavery in the Muslim Empire?

Middle Ages – serfs tied to land, protected by lord

Muslim- slaves with a variety of roles and responsibilities

AdvancementsAdvancements Astrolabe – navigation = starsAstrolabe – navigation = stars Spurred by contact with Europe, i.e., Spurred by contact with Europe, i.e.,

telescope telescope Medical advancementsMedical advancements AlgebraAlgebra

CaliphatesCaliphates

Caliph- successor or deputy. Name given Caliph- successor or deputy. Name given to leaders after Muhammad’s death.to leaders after Muhammad’s death.

Caliphate- governmentCaliphate- government

Specific CaliphatesSpecific Caliphates

Fatimids- Fatimids- traced ancestory to Muhammad’s daughter and traced ancestory to Muhammad’s daughter and controlled areas in North Africa, Arabia, and Syria. controlled areas in North Africa, Arabia, and Syria. Capital City Capital City was Cairo.was Cairo.

Abbasids- Abbasids- took power and murdered members of the took power and murdered members of the Ummayads’ family.Ummayads’ family. Built their capital city in Baghdad.Built their capital city in Baghdad. Controlled modern areas of Iran, Iraq, and Central Asia.Controlled modern areas of Iran, Iraq, and Central Asia.

Umayyads-Umayyads- surrounded themselves with wealth, caused a split surrounded themselves with wealth, caused a split in the community. As a result 3 parties develop: Shi’a in the community. As a result 3 parties develop: Shi’a (descendents of Muhammad), Sunni (Muslims who left and (descendents of Muhammad), Sunni (Muslims who left and lost touch with religion), and Sufi (no life of luxury, spirtual life, lost touch with religion), and Sufi (no life of luxury, spirtual life, and focused on Quran and its traditions).and focused on Quran and its traditions).

Fatimid Empire

(909-1171)

Capital: Cairo

Abbasid Empire

(750-1258)

Capital: Baghdad

Caliphates Trade is controlled in northwestern Indian Ocean and Arabian Sea

VocabularyVocabulary Qadis-Qadis- a judge in a Muslim a judge in a Muslim

community, whose decisions community, whose decisions are based on Islamic religious are based on Islamic religious law. law.

Imams-Imams- A ruler claiming descent A ruler claiming descent from Muhammad and exercising from Muhammad and exercising authority in an Islamic state.authority in an Islamic state. Both are Both are

officials that officials that created and created and interprets laws.interprets laws.

Vocabulary to Know:Vocabulary to Know:

Jihad- a holy war undertaken as a sacred duty Jihad- a holy war undertaken as a sacred duty by Muslims. Spread of religionby Muslims. Spread of religion

Hajj- holy pilgrimage to Mecca.Hajj- holy pilgrimage to Mecca.

Koran (Quran)- holy book that had ideological Koran (Quran)- holy book that had ideological differences with Christianity and Judaismdifferences with Christianity and Judaism

Start Spread of Islam Start Spread of Islam MapMap

Ummayad Empire

Africa Gold and Salt Trade

Fatimid Empire

(909-1171)

Capital: Cairo

Abbasid Empire

(750-1258)

Capital: Baghdad