Name____________________________________

Evolution Lecture Notes Part I

Evolution is :

The H.M.S Beagle

In 1831, Darwin set sail from England aboard the H.M.S. Beagle for a voyage around the world.

Darwin went ashore and collected plant and animal specimens for his collection.

Observations:

Many plants and animals were ____________________________________________________ they inhabited.

Grasslands in some regions were similar to one another but were inhabited by ____________________________________

___________: some he collected resembled organisms that were still alive, others looked completely unlike any creature he had ever seen.

Galapagos Islands:

They were close together but had very _______________________ Characteristics of animals and plants greatly varied among the different islands.

Examples of variation on the islands:

1. Finches 2. Tortioses

Why did the tortoises look different?Why did the finches look different?

Darwin was not alone in his theory!

Summary of Lamarck’s Theory:

James Hutton and Charles Lyell:

The world was very religious back then - most people believed the Earth was only a few thousand years old! ___________________________ says that geological processes that we see today MUST be the same

processes that shaped Earth from the beginning. Therefore________________________________________________________

o Rivers carving out canyons, mountain ranges etc.

Thomas Malthus

If the human population grew unchecked, there wouldn’t be enough living space and food for everyone! Forces working against population growth:

o ________o ________o _________

Darwin reasoned that this principal must apply to other organisms too!

o ____________________________________________________________________o Oysters produce millions of eggs every year!

Alfred Wallace

Came up with ______________________________! Toured South America and made similar observations Darwin published his ideas ________, so he is credited with the theory!

Natural Selection

Example # 3: You do

Population of frogs New predator introduced into the jungle