vascular diseases
DESCRIPTION
A brief discussion about different vascular diseases. (resource: Gapuz's Review Book)TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: Vascular Diseases](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062411/577cc74f1a28aba711a0996c/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Vascular Diseases
![Page 2: Vascular Diseases](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062411/577cc74f1a28aba711a0996c/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Vascular System Anatomy
![Page 3: Vascular Diseases](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062411/577cc74f1a28aba711a0996c/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
![Page 4: Vascular Diseases](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062411/577cc74f1a28aba711a0996c/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
![Page 5: Vascular Diseases](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062411/577cc74f1a28aba711a0996c/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Disorders
![Page 6: Vascular Diseases](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062411/577cc74f1a28aba711a0996c/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Aneurysm• Is a sac formed
by dilation of an artery secondary to weakness and stretching of the arterial wall.
• The dilation may involve one or all layers of the arterial wall
![Page 7: Vascular Diseases](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062411/577cc74f1a28aba711a0996c/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Risk Factors• Atherosclerosis• Age: 50-70 years old• Hypertension• Trauma• Syphilis• Infectious process
![Page 8: Vascular Diseases](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062411/577cc74f1a28aba711a0996c/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Classification• Fusiform• Saccular• Dissecting• False
![Page 9: Vascular Diseases](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062411/577cc74f1a28aba711a0996c/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Assessment• Early stage: often asymptomatic• Deep diffuse chest pain• Hoarseness, dysphagia, dyspnea• Pallor, diaphoresis• Distended neck veins, edema or hand and arms• Feeling of “heart-beating” in the abdomen (if
abdominal aortic aneurysm)
![Page 10: Vascular Diseases](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062411/577cc74f1a28aba711a0996c/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Nursing Intervention• Monitor and improve client’s cardiopulmonary
state• Record baseline BP (lying, sitting and
standing) in both arms• Provide dependent and other collaborative
nursing interventions• Give meds: antihypertensive drugs• Prepare for UTZ• Surgery: Resection of Aneurysm and
replacement with a Teflon/Dacron graft
![Page 11: Vascular Diseases](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062411/577cc74f1a28aba711a0996c/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Buerger’s Disease (Thromboangitis Obliterans)
and Raynaud’s Disease
![Page 12: Vascular Diseases](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062411/577cc74f1a28aba711a0996c/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Buerger’s Disease Raynaud’s Disease• Vasculitis of the small and
medium size veins and arteries, usually in the lower extremities.
• More common in MEN• S&Sx: Pain; intermittent
claudication, tingling sensation, impaired pulse, hair loss in the legs
• Leg angiography reveals inflammatory lesions
• Nrsg Dx: Altered peripheral tissue perfusion
• Intervention:o Instruct the client to stop smokingo Avoid trauma to affected extremityo Maintenance of warmth during cold
weather
• Vasospastic condition of arteries of hands that occurs with exposure to cold or stress
• More common in WOMEN• S&Sx: Cyanosis of fingers
or toes after exposure to cold, numbness and tingling of digits
• Allen’s Test reveals circulatory problems
• Nrsg Dx: Altered peripheral tissue perfusion
• Intervention:o Avoid cold weathero Wear leather gloves when getting
anything from the refrigeratoro Stop smokingo Administer vasodilators as ordered
![Page 13: Vascular Diseases](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062411/577cc74f1a28aba711a0996c/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Quick RecallManifestation Condition
1. Intermittent claudication
2. Pain3. Vasospasm4. Inflamed
blood vessels
5. Intermittent color changes of the fingers
A. Buerger’s Disease
B. Raynaud’s Disease
C. BothD. Neither
![Page 14: Vascular Diseases](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062411/577cc74f1a28aba711a0996c/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Thrombophlebitis and Varicose Veins
![Page 15: Vascular Diseases](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062411/577cc74f1a28aba711a0996c/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Thrombophlebitis Varicose Veins
• Clot in the vein with inflammation of the wall of the vein
• S&Sx:o Unilateral leg edema w/ (+)
Homan’s signo Severe pain at siteo Fever, chills, swelling and
cyanosis of site
• Venography reveals a clot• N. Dx: Altered tissue
perfusion• Intervention:
o DO NOT MASSAGE THE AFFECTED LEG
o Increase fluid intakeo Monitor leg edema
• Weakening of the venous valves leading to pooling of blood
• S&Sx:o Tortuous veino Dull ache and heaviness in the legso Mild edemao Itching of the skin over the affected part
• Doppler UTZ detects the presence or absence of venous reflux
• N. Dx: Altered tissue perfusion
• Interventiono Elevate the legso Avoid crossing of legs at kneeso Avoid prolonged sitting and standingo Avoid constrictive clothingo Prepare the client for surgery
![Page 16: Vascular Diseases](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062411/577cc74f1a28aba711a0996c/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Quick RecallManifestation Disease
1. Edema2. Pain3. Homan’s
sign4. Tortuous
vein5. Intermittent
claudication
A. Thrombophlebitis
B. Varicose vein
C. BothD. Neither
![Page 17: Vascular Diseases](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062411/577cc74f1a28aba711a0996c/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
End