using piezoelectric printing to pattern nanoparticle thinfilmsusing piezoelectric printing to...
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Using Piezoelectric Printing to Pattern Nanoparticle Thinfilms
Jan Sumerel, Ph.D.FUJIFILM Dimatix, Inc.Santa Clara, California
USA
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Acknowledgements
• Vanderbilt University– David Wright– Leila Deravi– Sarah Sewell– Aren Gerdon
• University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill– Roger Narayan– Andy Doraiswamy
• NASA Ames– Cattien Nguyen
• Santa Clara University– Angel Islas– John Choy
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Nanoscale Engineering"Nanotechnology is the understanding and control of matter at dimensions of roughly 1 to 100 nanometers, where unique phenomena enable novel applications."
(U.S. National Nanotechnology Initiative: www.nano.gov)
Therefore nanoscale engineering is the design, analysis, and/or construction of materials containing nanostructures.
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Dimatix Materials Printer
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Simple Biosensor
A hybrid device with both inorganic and organic materials
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Using Ink Jet Printing as Straightforward Technique for Nanomaterial Thinfilm Production
Drop on DemandmwCNTs
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Contact angle determines wettability(drop spread) of mwCNTs
13.10
Contact Angle (º)
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Bioinks
•Bacterial Cells•Yeast•Proteins•Nucleic Acids•DNA scaffolds
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Piezoelectric Ink Jetting Biological MaterialsAre there obstacles?
• Often aqueous solutions– High surface tension – Water = 72.8 dynes/cm
• Low viscosity – 0.89 – 3.00 centipoise
• “Friendly”surfactants?– CMC
http://serve.me.nus.edu.sg/siggi/marangoni_instability_of_a_water.htm
Water on glycerin
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BioinksAre they non-Newtonian fluids?
www.wikipedia.com
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What happens to a Fluid in the Shear Field Environment?
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Relative sizes of Matter and Order of Magnitude
http://micro.magnet.fsu.edu/cells/index.html
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Piezoelectric Inkjet Printing of 3.2 kBplasmid DNA
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Repeatability of Ink Jetted Genomic DNA and PCR amplification
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Streptavidin Printed in Methyl Cellulose Gel Retains Tertiary Structure
Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy
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Cy3 IgG Protein Array
No
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DH10B Bacterial Cells
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Other Sensor Components
• Quantum Dots• Electroinks
– Conductive Silver Precursor Fluids– PEDOT/PSS– Carbon Nanotubes
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Ink Jet Printing Quantum Dots Inks
• Quantum Dots from UT Dots
• TEM from UT Dots• 2.6 nm green
emission• 4.0 nm
yellow/orange emission
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Contact Angles of Quantum Dot Inks
2.6 nm 6 mg/mL 4.0 nm 3 mg/mL
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Fluid Characteristics After Printing 2.6 nm 6 mg/mL
4.0 nm 3 mg/mL
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Quantum Dot Inks on Substrate
Contributions to 3D structure dependent on particle concentration and particle size
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Ink Jets Print Conductive Patterns for RFID, Electronics, PCBs, and Displays
• Conductive Silver Precursors• PEDOT/PSS• Carbon Nanotubes
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Nanoparticle Polydispersity of ANP Conductive Silver Precursor Fluid as Shown by TEM
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254 μm Grid Spacing Matrix55% Silver Conductive Ink
10 pL 1 pL
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Waveform Employed for ANP Conductive Silver Fluid Precursor
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A. B.
Resulting Conductive Silver Thinfilms on Teslin
Before Annealing After Annealing
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Atomic Force Microscopy Shows Silver Nanoparticle Film Feature Sizes on Silicon Wafer
Feature width = 40.6 μmFeature height = 1.6 μ m
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Feature Sizes Obtained with ANP Conductive Silver Precursor on Kapton®
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Surface Measurements of 1 pL drop
Before annealing
After annealing
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A. B.
Resistance Measurements for Commercially Available Conductive Silver Precursors
Cabot Conductive Silver Precursor InkANP Conductive Silver Precursor Ink
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Gold Nanoparticle InkApplications in Nanobioengineering
Gold binds to proteins via two different mechanisms
•Cysteine residue•Serine, Threonine residues
Braun, Sarikaya and Schulten, Univ. IL
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PEDOT/PSS Array on Glass Wafer
Other Sensor Components
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PEDOT/PSS as the Fluid Leaves the Nozzles and Time of Flight
In flight(9.26 m/s)
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A. B. C.
Contact Angles of PEDOT/PSS and ANP Silver Ink
A. B. C.Glass Wafer Kapton® Polyimide Teslin synthetic film
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Electric Luminescence of Polyflourene printed on Silicon Wafer
Bright Field Dark Field + UV
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Using Ink Jet Printing as Straightforward Technique for Nanomaterial Thinfilm Production
Drop on DemandmwCNTs
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Contact angle determines wettability(drop spread) of mwCNTs
13.10
Contact Angle (º)
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Multiwall Carbon Nanotube Scaffold for DNA
Bright Field DAPI
A B
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Self-Assembling Biomaterials• Length scale
– Atoms (10-10)– Molecules (10-10-10-9) – Polymers (10-9)– Viruses (10-8)– Cells (10-5)– Multicellular organisms (10-5-101)
• Polymers– DNA – RNA– Proteins– Lipid bilayers self-assemble into membranes– Higher level organization (protein insertion into
membrane)– Trafficking– Extracellular matrices– Support structures (skeleton, teeth, antlers, husks)
• SECRETIONwww.azonano.com
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Harnessing Nature’s Methods to Produce 3D Inorganic Materials
• Diatoms• Glass Sponges• Teeth• Bones
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Silaffin of the Cylindrotheca fusiformis diatom
Using Ink Jet Printing for Thinfilm PatterningSilica Precipitating Amine Templates
N N
HN O
HN O
NHO
NHO
N
N
N
N
HN
HN
HN
HN
NH
NH
NH
NH
O
O
O O
O
O
OO
H2N
NH2
H2N
NH2
NH2
NH2
NH2
H2N
Polyamidoamino (PAMAM) Dendrimer
Kroger, N., et al. Science, 1999, 286, 1129.Knecht, M. R., Wright, D. W. Langmuir. 2004, 20, 4728.
H3N S S K K S G S Y
HO3PO OPO3H OPO3H
NH2
NH2
N
NH
NH
n = 4 - 9
S G S K G S K COO
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33% G4 PAMAM Dendrimer
39.25785.333.1
Horizontal length (µm)
Vert height (nm)
Contact Angle (º)
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100 µm
Stroboscopic View of the Dendrimer Ink Droplets.
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Patterned Dendrimers
360 µm
360 µm
96 µm spacing, printed 4x with 35 seconds of lag time in between each printing cycle followed by 2 printing cycles s p a c e d a t 6 4 µ m .
1. 64 µm spacing, printed 2x with no lag time. 2. 56 µm spacing, printed 2x with no lag time.
1.
2.
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Dendrimer ReactivityDendrimer Reactivity
• Once printed, we propose a “single spot”reaction vessel, wherein printed NH2 -terminated dendrimers will reproducibly yield concentrated areas of SiO2 nanospheres.
++
+ ++
+ +
+ +
+++
++-Si(OH)-Si(OH)
-Si(OH)
-Si(OH)
-Si(OH)
-Si(OH)-Si(OH)
-Si(OH)
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Patterned Silica 160 nm Thinfilm Using Ink Jetted Dendrimers as Biomimetic Catalyst
15 20 25 30 35 400
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
1400
1600
nmol
es o
f sili
ca p
rodu
ced
total area of printed material (mm2)
Post-Si condensation
Pre-Si condensation
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Conclusions• Nanoparticle Inks
– Conductive Silver Precursor Fluids
– PEDOT/PSS – Carbon Nanotubes
• Bioinks– Proteins – Nucleic Acids– Scaffolding materials
• Templating Organic Materials– Inorganic/organic thinfilms
• Modern Building Materials based on Biomimetics– Surfaces– Structures