Unit 8: World War II PPT #1

Daily Essential Questions:

Why did totalitarian states rise after World War I?

Why did the US enter World War II after trying to remain isolated and neutral?

How did the United States react to the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor?

How did Americans mobilize for war on the home front?

Summarize in one sentence or a few words for your notes.

What are the characteristics of a Totalitarian State?

EQ #1 Why did totalitarian states rise after World War I?

1. WWI and the Great Depression had devastating effects throughout the world.

2. Overwhelming economic problems like poverty led some nations to turn to a new form of government called totalitarianism.

3. Totalitarian States in the 1930s

What countries were totalitarian?

Country Leader

Soviet Union Joseph Stalin

Italy Benito Mussolini

Germany Adolf Hitler

4. Notes on Totalitarian LeadersWrite 5 facts for each leader from the video clips.

Hitler Stalin

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8OetedJuu4k&list=PLs0mK6zwfepPFt89_KW4RGbxHMYbyV0_i Mussolin 5min

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0rZ4xwuAWFEHitler 4min

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=e_2of8pmHYU&list=PLs0mK6zwfepPFt89_KW4RGbxHMYbyV0_i&index=2Stalin 4min

5. Japan did not become a totalitarian dictatorship, but it did come

under the influence of strong military leaders which led aggressive military

conquests.

Japan invaded

Manchuria, then China.

The attack on Nanjing

was especially brutal.

The event is known as

the “rape of Nanjing.

Japanese Expansion, 1931-1939

What acts of Aggression in Europe and Asia led to WWII?

Germany • rebuilt military

• reclaimed Saar region from France

• invaded the Rhineland

• Anschluss

• invaded the Sudetenland

Italy • invaded Ethiopia

Spain • Fascists rebelled against the government

• Spanish Civil War

Japan • conquered Manchuria and parts of China

union, especially the political union of Austria with Germany in 1938

What did the League of Nations do to stop the aggression?

1. A weak League of Nations did little to stop the

aggression. Why?

• The US was not a member.

• Other countries just wanted peace.

• Some believed the Soviet Union posed a greater threat

than Nazi Germany.

• Others embraced a policy of isolationism.

2. The policy of Appeasement - policy of granting concessions to a potential enemy in the hope that it will maintain peace.

Example: Munich Pact Britain and France

sacrificed the Sudetenland to Germany in

return for peace.(Just let Germany take it

from Czechoslavakia.)

British Prime Minister Neville

Chamberlain and Hitler in

Munich

EQ #2. Why did the US enter World War II after trying

to remain isolated and neutral?

The Big Three: The Allied Leaders: Prime Minster Winston Churchill (UK), President Franklin Delano Roosevelt (US), and First Secretary Joseph Stalin (USSR)

Hitler

1. Hitler violated the Munich Pact taking over the remainder of Czechoslovakia in 1939.

2. 1939-1940 – He invaded Poland, Denmark, Norway, the Netherlands, France, and Britain.

3. 1939 – After the invasion of Poland Britain and France declared war on Germany starting WWII.

Nazi soldiers in Paris

How did World War II begin in Europe?

What alliances were formed by the major powers?

1. Axis Powers

• Germany

• Italy

• Japan

The Tripartite Pact

bound these nations

together.

2. Allies

• Britain

• France

• Soviet Union

• United States

• China

3. German Aggression, 1936–1941

Many feared that Hitler was unstoppable.

1. The Neutrality Act of 1939 contained a cash-and-

carry provision favoring the Allies. (sold weapons

for cash)

2. The Selective Service Act provided for a military

draft.

3. FDR agreed to give Britain battleships in

exchange for defense bases.

4. In the early days of the war, Congress declared

neutrality. But as the war raged on in Europe, the

United States began to take steps to support

Europe’s democracies.

How did the US respond at the beginning of the war?

What was the difference between the isolationist and

the interventionists?

Do not write word for word…. Summarize each viewpoint in one sentence each.

What was the difference between the isolationist and

the interventionists?

Do not write word for word…. Summarize each viewpoint in one sentence each.

2. All of these freedoms, he argued, were threatened by German and Japanese militarism.

• freedom of speech

• freedom of worship

• freedom from want

• freedom from fear

1. In a speech to Congress, he highlighted four freedoms precious to Americans.

What did President Roosevelt believe about the war?

1. In March 1941, Congress approved the Lend-Lease Act -a law that allowed the US to lend, lease, sell, or otherwise provide aid to other nations if doing so helped in the defense of the US.

2. In August 1941, Roosevelt and British prime minister Winston Churchill signed the Atlantic Charter.

How did the US help the Allies?

Germany firing on American ships.Roosevelt ordered the navy to attack the U-boats on sight.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=J2JvarEfX0g US Prepares for War 3.30min

EQ #3 How did the United States react to the

Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor?

1. In early December 1941, the US had engaged in warlike activity, but had not yet committed itself to join in World War II.

2. On Dec. 7th, a surprise attack on the American naval base at Pearl Harbor, Hawaii, ended the debate between isolationists and interventionists.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lK8gYGg0dkE 5min FDR Speech to Congress about going to war

USS West Virginia and USS Tennessee

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VBdIR7_B3JA 3min Pearl Harbor Attacked

Damage at Pearl Harbor

terrible

losses,

but key

parts of

the fleet

survived.

1. Americans joined the military, the Red Cross, and other organizations.

2. Women responded by joining the Women’s Army Corps (WAC), Army Nurse Corps, and other military auxiliaries.

3. Americans took new jobs making weapons and supplies that supported the war effort.

A wave of patriotism swept the United States following the attack.

EQ #4 How did Americans mobilize for war on the

home front?

• Companies built

ships, planes,

and tanks.

4. The peacetime economy soon shifted to a wartime economy.

5. Defense spending finally ended the

Great Depression and put people to

work.

Which country was building the most?