u2: ecological populations -...

U2: Ecological Populations

1. Which of the following statements is true?

A. When the deer population drops, the wolf population drops as well.

B. The deer population drops after the wolf population.

C. The wolf population always increases faster than the deer population.

D. After the wolf population grows, the plant life populations grows.

2. When wolves ate deer, it affected the growth of plant-life deer fed on. This could happen as early as: A. Immediately

B. 1 generation

C. 2 generations

D. Does not happen

3. In the tissues of certain tubeworms are chemosynthetic bacteria. Bacteria provide the tubeworms with organic nutrients, and the tubeworms provide a safe home for bacteria. Which is the relationship between these organisms?

A. Predator-prey

B. Commensalism

C. Parasitism

D. Mutualism

4. A bird nests in a tree, with no negative or positive effects on the tree. This relationship is an example of:

A. Predator-prey

B. Commensalism

C. Parasitism

D. Mutualism

5. Which of the following ecological levels of organization are arranged from largest to smallest?

A. Ecosystem, population, community

B. Biosphere, ecosystem, community

C. Community, population, ecosystem

D. Population, community, biosphere

E. Biosphere, population, ecosystem

6. The topsoil layer, or A Horizon, of soil is:

A. A mixture of decomposed organic matter

B. Made of something called humus

C. Partially decomposed organic matter and some organic minerals

D. The primary filter for water as it passes through soil.

7. A company wants to place an electrical power line through a forested area. The company workers cut an area through the forest, erect the power lines and cables, and plant grass in the area. All of the following are true about the clear-cut area EXCEPT:

A. Clear-cutting is an ecosystem stressor.

B. The clear-cut area will induce an edge community.

C. The clear-cut area will initiate primary succession.

D. The clear-cut area will initiate secondary succession.

8. Europeans imported the mongoose to eliminate snakes in Hawaiian settlements. Which best describes the mongoose in this situation? A. Prey

B. Alien species

C. Native species

D. Keystone species

9. A battery manufacturing plant accidentally leached cadmium into a local lake. Ecologists determined the cadmium concentration in the tissues of each organisms. The data is shown below:

Species: Cadmium Concentration ( tissue)

A 100

B 10

C 30

D 65

E 20

Which species is mostly the second-order consumer?

1. Which is not a population?

A. The earthworms living under the ground at ECHS.

B. The koi fish swimming in the pond at ECHS.

C. The human beings living in LA.

D. The spiders living on the ECHS campus.

Population Growth Patterns (ONLY GROWTH)

𝑑𝑁

𝑑𝑡= 𝑏 − 𝑑 𝑁

(𝑏 − 𝑑) = intrinsic growth rate

• Faster indv. reproduce, faster pop rises.

– Exponential growth

2. What does this graph say?

A. Exponential growth forever.

B. Exponential growth until carrying capacity is reached.

C. Exponential growth until CC, then rises and falls as food is consumed.

D. Exponential growth until CC, then population crash.



B. Exponential growth until carrying capacity is reached. (Logarithmic)



5. What type of pop fluctuation is this?

A. Stable

B. Irruptive

C. Cyclic

D. Irregular


A. Stable

B. Irruptive

C. Cyclic

D. Irregular

7. The best label for the axis labeled 2 in the graph is:

A. Time

B. Population number

C. Logistic growth rate

D. Environmental resistance

E. Birth rate

1

2

A

B

C D

K


A. Stable

B. Irruptive

C. Cyclic

D. Irregular

10. Which of the following phrases best describes the line K in the graph? A. The rate of population

growth B. The carrying capacity of

the environment C. The time it takes for the

population to double in size

D. The number of individuals in the population at the beginning of the study

E. The birth rate of the population

1

2

A

B

C D

K

11. Which of these would NOT be a factor for K?

A. Food supply

B. Ability to camouflage

C. How generalist/specialist the species is

D. Number of nearby competitors

E. All are factors!

12. The population is growing at its highest rate at which letter?

A. A

B. K

C. D

D. B

E. C 1

2

A

B

C D

K

Other Terms

• r-selected and k-selected may also be written as:

• r-strategist and k-strategist

Because their strategy for survival is different. How?

13. Which of the following organisms would be an example of an r-strategist?

A. Whale

B. Cockroach

C. Eagle

D. Dog

E. Alligator

14. A population has a growth rate of 2% per year. How long will it take for this population to double?

A. 70 years

B. 40 years

C. 35 years

D. 15 years

E. 2 years

15. Which of the following is a density independent population factor?

A. Number of parasites in the population

B. Number of predators in the population

C. Competition for resources

D. Disease

E. Habitat destruction

16. Which of the following are exhibited by k-select organisms? I. Slow maturation II. Many small offspring III. Reproduction occurs late in life

A. I only B. II only C. III only D. I and II only E. I and III only

17. When a population encounters environmental resistance it is most likely to:

A. Continue its high growth rate

B. Mutate to form and continue growing

C. Slow down its growth rate

D. Move to a higher growth rate

E. Have no effect on the growth rate

19. Which country had zero population growth last year?

b (no./1,000/yr)

d (no./1,000/yr)

i (no./1,000/yr)

e (no./1,000/yr)

Country A 20 20 10 5

Country B 10 5 20 10

Country C 30 20 5 15

Country D 65 50 10 10

Country E 10 5 10 10

20. Which country had negative population growth last year?

b (no./1,000/yr)

d (no./1,000/yr)

i (no./1,000/yr)

e (no./1,000/yr)

Country A 20 20 10 5

Country B 10 5 20 10

Country C 30 20 5 15

Country D 65 50 10 10

Country E 10 5 5 15

21. A boom-and-bust population change that repeats can be said to be:

A. Cyclic

B. Irruptive

C. Stable

D. Logistic

E. Irregular

22. Your country has recently won a war, and the soldiers have returned home to their wives and families after many long years. What might the age-structure diagram look like if plotted over the next several decades?

A. A narrowness at the bottom that will rise over the next several decades because of a boom in population.

B. There will be no change in the shape of the age-structure diagram.

C. A bulge at the bottom that will rise over the next several decades because of a bust in the population.

D. A narrowness in the bottom that will rise over the next several decades because of a bust in the population.

E. A bulge at the bottom that will rise over the next several decades because of a boom in the population.

23. Video Review: In the transitional phase from Pre-Industrial to Industrial economies, birth rates __________ while death rates ____________.

A. do not change, drop

B. increase, remain the same

C. decrease, decrease

D. decrease, remain the same

E. increase, increase

24. Video Application: Which provision might BEST be used as part of an anti-natalist policy in a country whose religious beliefs are against contraception?

A. Legally mandated sterilization after two children.

B. Making condoms widely available.

C. Tax breaks for large families.

D. Raising the legal age of marriage.

E. Free birth control pills.

25. City officials face an increasing population size. They decide to fill in wetlands upstream along a river that runs through the city. They build homes on the filled-in land. As a result, they must periodically deal with floods along the river that brings water into the city. This is an example of which of the following?

A. Pronatalist policy

B. Antinatalist policy

C. Habitat destruction

D. Pollution

E. Ecological stress

26. Which of the following describes individuals leaving a population?

A. Birth rate

B. Carrying capacity

C. Immigration

D. Emigration

E. Environmental resistance

27. A population has a growth rate of 5 percent per year, how long will it take for this population to double?

A. 70 years

B. 50 years

C. 14 years

D. 6 years

E. 5 years

28. An age-structure pyramid is used to:

A. Study the immigration rates in a population

B. Calculate the doubling time of a population

C. Study the carrying capacity of a habitat

D. Determine what the density-dependent factors are for a population

E. Study the number and ages of people in a country

29. Which of the following are exhibited by k-select organisms? I. Slow maturation II. Many small offspring III. Reproduction occurs late in life

A. I only B. II only C. III only D. I and II only E. I and III only

30. When a population encounters environmental resistance it is most likely to:

A. Continue its high growth rate

B. Mutate to form and continue growing

C. Slow down its growth rate

D. Move to a higher growth rate

E. Have no effect on the growth rate

31. A population’s growth can best be calculated using which of the following?

A. 𝑏𝑖𝑟𝑡ℎ𝑠 + 𝑖𝑚𝑚𝑖𝑔𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 − 𝑑𝑒𝑎𝑡ℎ𝑠 − 𝑒𝑚𝑖𝑔𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛

B. 𝑖𝑚𝑚𝑖𝑔𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 + 𝑒𝑚𝑖𝑔𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛

C. 𝑒𝑚𝑖𝑔𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 + 𝑏𝑖𝑟𝑡ℎ𝑠

D. 𝑏𝑖𝑟𝑡ℎ𝑠 + 𝑒𝑚𝑖𝑔𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 − 𝑑𝑒𝑎𝑡ℎ𝑠 + 𝑖𝑚𝑚𝑖𝑔𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛

E. 𝑖𝑚𝑚𝑖𝑔𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 − 𝑒𝑚𝑖𝑔𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛

32. A population’s growth can best be calculated using which of the following?

A. 𝑏𝑖𝑟𝑡ℎ𝑠 + 𝑖𝑚𝑚𝑖𝑔𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 − 𝑑𝑒𝑎𝑡ℎ𝑠 − 𝑒𝑚𝑖𝑔𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛

B. 𝑖𝑚𝑚𝑖𝑔𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 + 𝑒𝑚𝑖𝑔𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛

C. 𝑒𝑚𝑖𝑔𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 + 𝑏𝑖𝑟𝑡ℎ𝑠

D. 𝑏𝑖𝑟𝑡ℎ𝑠 + 𝑒𝑚𝑖𝑔𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 − 𝑑𝑒𝑎𝑡ℎ𝑠 + 𝑖𝑚𝑚𝑖𝑔𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛

E. 𝑖𝑚𝑚𝑖𝑔𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 − 𝑒𝑚𝑖𝑔𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛

33. According to the graph, in the year 2000 the less developed countries had a population that was how many times bigger than the developed countries?

A. 12 times

B. 8 times

C. 5 times

D. 1.5 times

E. 0.5 times 0123456789

101112

1950 2000 2050 2100

Po

pu

lati

on

(b

illio

ns)

Time (s)

Total Population

Less developed countries

More developed countries

u2: ecological populations -...

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