TRAINING FOR ENTREPRENEURSHIP:TRAINING FOR ENTREPRENEURSHIP:CCIP – ADVANCIA CCIP – ADVANCIA

INNOVATIVE PROGRAMSINNOVATIVE PROGRAMS

Miruna Radu, PhD

CCIP – ADVANCIA

Phone: + 33 1 40 64 41 14

Mail: mradu@ccip.fr

EUROCHAMBRES SUMMER ACADEMY, 2005

ENTREPRENEURSHIPENTREPRENEURSHIP

Entrepreneurship consists in:

starting up new companies (start-up entrepreneurship)

carrying out new strategic initiatives within existing business (corporate entrepreneurship or intrapreneurship).

Entrepreneurship represents the essential lever to cope with

the new global « hypercompetitive » landscape :

CHANGECOMPLEXITY INCREASED RISK

DECREASED ABILITY TO FORECAST THE FUTURE

ENTREPRENEURIAL CAREER CHOICE: DETERMINANT ENTREPRENEURIAL CAREER CHOICE: DETERMINANT

FACTORSFACTORS

In your country, which one of these factors is the top priority of your Chamber’s entrepreneurial policies and activities? Which

other should also be improved?

WHAT IS ENTREPRENEURSHIP?WHAT IS ENTREPRENEURSHIP?

Economists tend to agree that entrepreneurs, associated with innovation, are the driving forces of economical development;

Psychologists, sociologists and anthropologists underline the entrepreneur’s personal characteristics of creativity, risk-taking, need for achievement,

internal locus of control;

Operations management specialists see entrepreneurs as good distributors and coordinators of resources;

Finance specialists define entrepreneurs as people able to evaluate and calculate financial risks;

Management specialists think that entrepreneurs develop visions to organize their activities and excel at organizing people and using resources;

Marketing specialists define entrepreneurs as people who identify opportunities, differentiate themselves and adopt customer-oriented thinking.

ENTREPRENEURS ENTREPRENEURS VSVS MANAGERS MANAGERS

High

 

 

Inventor   

 

Entrepreneur

 

Promoter  

 Manager,

administrator

  

Creativity and Innovation     

General management skills, business know-how, networks High

Low

(cf. BIRLEY, S. MacMILLAN, I.C., 1997)

FOR THOSE OF YOU WHO WANT TO EVALUATE THEIR ENTREPRENEURIAL PROFILE: fill in the entrepreneurship scale.

ENTREPRENEURSHIP : ENTREPRENEURSHIP : EDUCATION, TRAINING & RESEARCHEDUCATION, TRAINING & RESEARCH

The first course on entrepreneurship was offered at the Harvard Business School in 1947.

The number of universities & business schools with entrepreneurship courses has increased from fewer than 10 in 1967 to more than 400 today ; the first doctoral graduates in entrepreneurship and small business appeared in the 1980s.

More than 1000 publications appear annually in the field of entrepreneurship, related to more than 50 conferences and

published in 25 specialized reviews.

TRAINING FOR ENTREPRENEURSHIP: POSITIVE TRAINING FOR ENTREPRENEURSHIP: POSITIVE IMPACT IN PRACTICEIMPACT IN PRACTICE

In the search for more and better ways to develop entrepreneurs, the role of education and training is absolutely essential. The entrepreneurship research literature has demonstrated that entrepreneurs with a good entrepreneurial education tend on the whole to be noticeably more successful than those with less entrepreneurial education, and even more successful when entrepreneurial education combines with experience.

Nevertheless, consensus is still lacking on what entrepreneurship education training (EET) should consist of.

TRAINING FOR ENTREPRENEURSHIP TRAINING FOR ENTREPRENEURSHIP IN FRANCEIN FRANCE

The field of entrepreneurship training is very diversified and heterogeneous, depending on teaching objectives, audiences, contents, the teachers’ profile,

pedagogical methods and approaches, etc.

Entrepreneurship education has spread considerably over the last few years, and is currently in a structural phase.

Two recent initiatives clearly illustrate this process: in 1998, the creation of the “Académie de l’Entrepreneuriat”, a French

association of entrepreneurship teachers and trainers from the secondary and higher education levels;

in 2001, the creation of the “Observatoire des Pratiques Pédagogiques en Entrepreneuriat”, a joint initiative involving three government departmentswhose primary mission is to identify entrepreneurship teaching and training

activities throughout France.

WHY : role of entrepreneurial education & training

FOR WHOM: students vs adults (VT), learning styles

WHAT: courses’ contentWHO SHOULD TEACH IT:- professors / entrepreneurs

- profile & competencies

HOW: educational approaches- methods and objectives

- design of the curriculum

TRAINING AND EDUCATIONALRESSOURCES:

- books, databases, case studies - human and financial resources

EVALUATION’s outcomes- how to measure educational effectiveness?

- short term/long term results: what indicators ?

TRAINING FOR ENTREPRENEURSHIP: TRAINING FOR ENTREPRENEURSHIP: CORE ISSUESCORE ISSUES

CCIP

ADVANCIAADVANCIA

Develop Entrepreneurial Potentials (INCUBATOR ; VOCATIONAL TRAINING)

Create New Profiles of Entrepreneurs and new contexts for entrepreneurship

(MASTER).

ESCP- EAPESCP- EAPCreate New

Profilesof

Intrapreneurs/Managers(STEGE).

HECHEC

Develop the skills of established entrepreneurs (CESA)Develop Family Business (CESA)Develop Start-ups (Challenge +).

TECOMAHTECOMAHESCFESCF

Transfer Skills to develop new

enterprises and help new

entrepreneurs establish their

business.

CCIP AND TRAINING FOR CCIP AND TRAINING FOR ENTREPRENEURSHIPENTREPRENEURSHIP

TRAINING FOR ENTREPRENEURSHIP : TRAINING FOR ENTREPRENEURSHIP : GROUP DISCUSSIONGROUP DISCUSSION

What kind of entrepreneurship education and training programs do already exist or will be developed in the near future

by your Chamber?

ADVANCIA – ADVANCIA – « MAISON DE L’ENTREPRENEURIAT»« MAISON DE L’ENTREPRENEURIAT»

THE PARIS CHAMBER OF COMMERCE AND INDUSTRY, the larger Chamber of Commerce in France, launched Advancia (december the 1st, 2004).

MAIN PURPOSE: to build an important educational institution entirely dedicated to business’ start-up and take-over.

POLITICAL, ECONOMICAL AND REGIONAL CONTEXT: to help attain the goal of creating 1 million new French entreprises in the next 5 years; to develop the entrepreneurial spirit, skills and motivation.

PROJECT ORIGINALITY: unique pedagogical offer, incubator (30 new projects/year), research centre on entrepreneurship (pluridisciplinary studies - entrepreneurial management and intrapreneurship, entrepreneurial humanities), an international summer school for young entrepreneurs (july 2005).

TRAINING FOR ENTREPRENEURSHIP –TRAINING FOR ENTREPRENEURSHIP –TWO COMPLEMENTARY APPROACHESTWO COMPLEMENTARY APPROACHES

• PROCESS MANAGEMENT

Rationalization & improvement of risk-taking

and decision-making strategies

• COMPETENCE MANAGEMENT

Motivation enhancement & development of

entrepreneurial competences

Operational project management plan (action planification and monitoring)

Competences acquisition and development plan (self-evaluation, co-

evaluation, hetero-evaluation) pedagogical design ofpedagogical design of ADVANCIA - CCIPADVANCIA - CCIP

TRAINING FOR ENTREPRENEURSHIP:TRAINING FOR ENTREPRENEURSHIP:ADVANCIA – CCIP (1)ADVANCIA – CCIP (1)

ADVANCIA’s entrepreneurial training program key objectives:the acquisition of a transversal business vision and experience

the development and management of the entrepreneurial spirit and creativity

   1. Entrepreneur (start-up or take-over of an enterprise)

2. «Intrapreneur» or an entrepreneurial manager

      3. Promoter of entrepreneurial culture and/or politics (policy maker, researcher, lobbyist)

In order to become

PEDAGOGICAL DESIGN – action-oriented curriculumPEDAGOGICAL DESIGN – action-oriented curriculum

CAREER OPPORTUNITIES – 3 profilesCAREER OPPORTUNITIES – 3 profiles

CONTINUEDEDUCATION

UNDERGRADUATEEDUCATION

GRADUATEEDUCATION

2005-2010

Incubator

Seminarsand Training Programmes

3-6 monthssessions

2-15 days sessions

Certificateand diploma

courses

ManagementStudies

EntrepreneurialStudies

Finance

2005 2005-2007

Masterin

Entrepreneurial Studies

Fundamentalsand Entrepreneurial

Humanities(1st year)

Designingone’s own

EntrepreneurialProfile

TRAINING FOR ENTREPRENEURSHIP:TRAINING FOR ENTREPRENEURSHIP:ADVANCIA – CCIP (2)ADVANCIA – CCIP (2)

List of entrepreneurial competences+ List of entrepreneurial specific knowledge

(‘référentiel’)

Consultation of academics

Survey about needs in entrepreneurial trainingssent to professionals Consultation of entrepreneurs

Graduate Education:Master in EntrepreneurshipCourses and options Training in project

management

Internships:1. As an intrapreneur/promoter of entrepreneurial culture + politics

2. As an entrepreneur

Actors of the programme: Teachers, Private coaches, Professionals coaches from the CCIP, Enterprises, Associations, Administrations

THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE MASTER IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE MASTER IN ENTREPRENEURIAL STUDIESENTREPRENEURIAL STUDIES

TRAINING FOR ENTREPRENEURSHIP: TRAINING FOR ENTREPRENEURSHIP: ADVANCIA – CCIP (3)ADVANCIA – CCIP (3)

THE MASTER IN ENTREPRENEURIAL STUDIES THE MASTER IN ENTREPRENEURIAL STUDIES

PROGRAM’s originality: to develop general managerial competences and to encourage a diversity of

entrepreneurial profiles (variety of students’ social and educational backgrounds and entrepreneurial projects).

to improve and manage personal and group creativity (critical thinking, creativity techniques, team building, etc.).

ADVANCIA’S MASTER ADVANCIA’S MASTER IN ENTREPRENEURIAL STUDIES:IN ENTREPRENEURIAL STUDIES:

THE LIST OF COMPETENCESTHE LIST OF COMPETENCES

Entrepreneurship is more than just starting and managing a business.

the ability to create and build something new (an organization, an association, a network, a business, etc.)

the ability to identify and evaluate an opportunity

the ability to build a founding team

the know-how to find and control resources (often owned by others)

the willingness to take calculated risks, both personal and financial, in order to succeed.

PLEASE TAKE A LOOK AT THE COMPETENCE LIST OF ADVANCIA’S MASTER AND THINK OF YOUR OWN NATIONAL CONTEXT: Which one of these competences do you regard as the most / the least important? What other competences would you add to that

list in order to adjust our program to your own country’s needs?

ADVANCIA’S MASTER ADVANCIA’S MASTER IN ENTREPRENEURIAL STUDIES:IN ENTREPRENEURIAL STUDIES:

THE COURSE LISTTHE COURSE LIST

PLEASE TAKE A LOOK AT THE COURSE LIST OF ADVANCIA’S MASTER AND THINK OF YOUR OWN NATIONAL CONTEXT: what other courses would you add to that list in order to adjust our program to your own country’s needs (TARGET: lobbyist profile)?

Which one of these courses would you remove from the list?

COMPETENCES’ ACQUISITION (focus on reflection)

COMPETENCES’ DEVELOPMENT (focus on action)

COURSES:

FUNDAMENTALS & OPTIONS

(management, entrepreneurial humanities)

PROJECT MANAGEMENT, INTERNSHIPS, INCUBATOR

ADVANCIA’S INCUBATOR: ADVANCIA’S INCUBATOR:

A BUSINESS CULTURE & ENVIRONMENT (1)A BUSINESS CULTURE & ENVIRONMENT (1)

COACHING SESSIONS – ENTREPRENEURS’ INTERVENTIONS (creativity, personal development)

TEAMWORK (project management)

EXPERT CONFERENCES – TEACHERS & EXTERNAL GUESTS (financial issues, law, national & international regulation systems, communication strategies, networking, etc.)

ALUMNI :

sponsoring & networking for new entrants.

30 projects each year (3-6 months).

ADVANCIA’S INCUBATOR: ADVANCIA’S INCUBATOR: A BUSINESS CULTURE & ENVIRONMENT (2)A BUSINESS CULTURE & ENVIRONMENT (2)

PARTNERS: CCIP and the TOWN COUNCIL of PARIS

Main criterium for project selection: the potential impact on the economical development of the

region (project’s originality and job creation potential)

BUSINESS NURSERYCCIP business nursery: Paris Solleillet Business start-up and development

International development counselling Information and training services

AFTER THE INCUBATOR

« THE IDEAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP« THE IDEAL ENTREPRENEURSHIPTRAINING PROGRAM » - TEAMWORKTRAINING PROGRAM » - TEAMWORK

In teams of 3 or 4 members, choose one of the Advancia’s two programs for entrepreneurship training (the Master in

Entrepreneurial Studies or the Incubator) ; take it as a reference point and try to adapt it to your country’s business and political environment, as well as to your students’ potential expectations.

Write down a list of potential expectations of students in your country who might attend an entrepreneurial training program.

Design an alternative entrepreneurial training program for a target from your country (students/adults/unemployed people) : brainstorming session (« the ideal entrepreneurship program »).

Share with us your entrepreneurship training ideas (brainstorming’s results).

CONCLUDING REFLECTIONCONCLUDING REFLECTION

Key interrogation: to what extent can any form of education enhance the

entrepreneurial competences?