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The Circulatory System

Diseases, Disorders, and Diagnostic Terms

Diseases, Disorders, and Diagnostic TermsTerm DefinitionCardiomyopathy general term: primary disease of the heart

muscleMyocarditis inflammation of the heart muscle

Endocarditis inflammation of the endocardium;affects the heart valves as well;caused by microorganisms that invade the endocardium

Pericarditis inflammation of the pericardium;caused by microorganisms, cancerous growth, etc.

Stress Test measure the function of the heart under carefully controlled amounts of psychological tests. For example: exercise or drugs.

Diagnostic TermsTerm DefinitionCardiac catheterization(Catheter + Endoscope)

the passage of a long tube into the heart chambers through a vein in an arm or leg, or neck.

Catheter Catheter: An instrument that allows the collection of blood samples from different parts of the heart, and determines pressure differences in various chambers.

Endoscope Endoscope: long tube and optical system that allows you to see the inside of a hollow organ or cavity.

Diagnostic Terms

Electrocardiography

Echocardiograph

The electrical currents of the heart muscle are recorded by an electrocardiograph.An echocardiograph is a record of the heart using ultrasonic waves through the chest waves.

Positron Emission Tomography (PET) Used in other parts of the body but helps examine blood flow in the heart and blood vessels.

Worksheet-Cardiovascular Diseases

Your Turn: Exercise 5

Blood Vessels

Vasodilation-increase in the diameter of a blood vesselVasoconstriction-decrease in the diameter of a blood vesselcholesterol and triglycerides-two lipids that harden arteries

Blood Vessels-Diseases & DiagnosisDisease SymptomsAngiomas tumors made of blood vessels

(hemangioma) or lymph vessels (lymphangioma). Usually benign tumors.

Aortography radiography of the aorta. The image is an aortogram.

Arteriography radiography of arteries. The image is an arteriogram.

Angiocardiography radiography of the heart and vesselsAngiography radiography of vessels.

Define in EnglishTerm Definition1. aneurysm2. bradycardia3. tachycardia4. hypertension5. hypotension6. thrombosis7. coronary thrombosis8. varicose veins9. hemorrhoids10. atherosclerosis

Arteriogram of Blocked Artery

Aneurysm-Common Sites

Arteriogram of Aneurysm

Strokes-Causes

Name the Stroke

A B C

Exercises 6 & 7

Surgical & Therapeutic InterventionsCardiopulmonary Bypass-used temporarily during heart surgery-a heart-lung pump collects the blood, replenishes it with oxygen, and returns it to the body

Artificial Cardiac Pacemaker

An electrical device that can keep the heart rhythm within a desirable range is a cardiac pacemaker.

CVS DrugsDrug Effectantiarrhythmic drugs used to prevent, alleviate or

correct an abnormal heart rhythm

digoxin a well-known drug that is prescribed to treat congestive heard failure and some arrhythmias

beta blockers given after a MI to allow the heart to work less

nitroglycerin to relieve the pain of angina pectoris

Exercise 8

Surgical Treatments of Vascular Problems: Balloon Angioplasty

Surgical Treatments of Vascular Problems: CABG

Blood Vessels

WorksheetNonsurgical Vascular Treatments vs. Surgical Vascular Treatments

Exercise 10

Lymphatic System

Function: collects fluid that escapes from the blood capillaries and returns it to circulationStructure:

Lymphatic System: Structurelymph vessels thymuslymph nodes spleenlymph tonsils

Lymphatic System: Circulation

Lymphatic System: Structure (memorize)

Lymphatic System: Structure

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Lymphatic System: Structure

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Diseases & DisordersDisease Definitionlymphoma cancer that starts in the lymphatic

systemlymphangitis acute or chronic inflammation of the

lymphatic vesselslymphedema increase of lymph in tissue causing

swelling. Elephantiasis can lead to lymphedema.

lymphadenitis inflammation of the lymph nodeslymphadenopathy any disease of the lymph nodelymphadenoma tumor of a lymph nodetonsillitis inflammation of the tonsilssplenomegaly enlarged spleen

Elephantiasis can lead to Lymphedema

Lymphadenitis

Diagnostic Terms

Diagnostic Term DefinitionLymphangiography radiography of the

lymphatic vessels and nodes

Lymphangiogram the image of a lymphangiography-can check spread of tumors this way

Surgical & Therapeutic Interventions

Lymph nodes are biopsied to determine spread of cancer. (use lymphadenectomy)Intervention What is done. lymphadenectomy excise (cut) a lymph nodecan also use: radiotherapychemotherapy& biological therapies, including interferon

Surgical & Therapeutic Interventions

Intervention What is it for?splenectomy for a ruptured spleentonsillectomy to cut the tonsils that are

infected or swollenadenoidectomy to remove adenoids that

are large, infected, or causing obstruction

Exercise 11

Self-Test

Self-Test

Self-Test

Answers-A, B, & E

Any Questions?Comments?

Answers?