TODAY, TOMORROW

AND BEYOND . . .

1963 – 2013 CELEBRATING 50 YEARS OF THE BRITISH CARTOGRAPHIC SOCIETY

The Walker’s Map

Designing GPS-enabled

mapping for the urban

recreational walkers

TODAY, TOMORROW

AND BEYOND . . .

1963 – 2013 CELEBRATING 50 YEARS OF THE BRITISH CARTOGRAPHIC SOCIETY

Sorry!

I’m a Designer;

I have no Discipline

TODAY, TOMORROW

AND BEYOND . . .

1963 – 2013 CELEBRATING 50 YEARS OF THE BRITISH CARTOGRAPHIC SOCIETY

PhD Research Question

How can GPS-enabled mobile

wayfinding applications be designed

to rapidly support the user exploring

an environment on foot, while

allowing them to maintain high

situation-awareness?

TODAY, TOMORROW

AND BEYOND . . .

1963 – 2013 CELEBRATING 50 YEARS OF THE BRITISH CARTOGRAPHIC SOCIETY

Getting started.

Urban recreational walking.

What is it?

Where do it come from?

TODAY, TOMORROW

AND BEYOND . . .

1963 – 2013 CELEBRATING 50 YEARS OF THE BRITISH CARTOGRAPHIC SOCIETY

Wordsworthian Cosmologies

TODAY, TOMORROW

AND BEYOND . . .

1963 – 2013 CELEBRATING 50 YEARS OF THE BRITISH CARTOGRAPHIC SOCIETY

Semi-structured interviews.

Let’s get phenomenological…

Why/Where/How do you walk?

TODAY, TOMORROW

AND BEYOND . . .

1963 – 2013 CELEBRATING 50 YEARS OF THE BRITISH CARTOGRAPHIC SOCIETY

Analysis

TODAY, TOMORROW

AND BEYOND . . .

1963 – 2013 CELEBRATING 50 YEARS OF THE BRITISH CARTOGRAPHIC SOCIETY

The Findings

‘…the positive aspect is you’re never

lost and the negative aspect is that

you’re never lost.’

‘…you’re always constantly looking

down if you’re looking at your map

on your phone, which doesn’t help

because you’re going to miss

things.’

TODAY, TOMORROW

AND BEYOND . . .

1963 – 2013 CELEBRATING 50 YEARS OF THE BRITISH CARTOGRAPHIC SOCIETY

Exploratory Wayfinding

TODAY, TOMORROW

AND BEYOND . . .

1963 – 2013 CELEBRATING 50 YEARS OF THE BRITISH CARTOGRAPHIC SOCIETY

Findings from Cognitive Science

Problems:

Passive interaction.

Unstable Schemata.

Lack of environmental referencing.

Poor memory for distance.

(Willis et al. 2009)

TODAY, TOMORROW

AND BEYOND . . .

1963 – 2013 CELEBRATING 50 YEARS OF THE BRITISH CARTOGRAPHIC SOCIETY

Situation Awareness

‘Situation awareness is the perception

of elements in the environment

within a volume of space and time,

the comprehension of their

meaning, and the projection of their

status into the near future.’

(Endsley 1995)

TODAY, TOMORROW

AND BEYOND . . .

1963 – 2013 CELEBRATING 50 YEARS OF THE BRITISH CARTOGRAPHIC SOCIETY

Suggested Interaction Paradigms

for Wayfinding

Guide,

Local,

Chaperone,

Buddy,

Captain.

(Graham et al. 2004)

TODAY, TOMORROW

AND BEYOND . . .

1963 – 2013 CELEBRATING 50 YEARS OF THE BRITISH CARTOGRAPHIC SOCIETY

The Key Drivers in the Research

Tracing Human-Artefact-Environment

relations through the literature.

Philosophy

Anthropology

Human Geography

TODAY, TOMORROW

AND BEYOND . . .

1963 – 2013 CELEBRATING 50 YEARS OF THE BRITISH CARTOGRAPHIC SOCIETY

Ecological Psychology

‘Ambulatory vision’,

Seeing while moving…

Guided by ‘vistas’…

One vista leads to the next.

TODAY, TOMORROW

AND BEYOND . . .

1963 – 2013 CELEBRATING 50 YEARS OF THE BRITISH CARTOGRAPHIC SOCIETY

Graphic Syntax Theory

TODAY, TOMORROW

AND BEYOND . . .

1963 – 2013 CELEBRATING 50 YEARS OF THE BRITISH CARTOGRAPHIC SOCIETY

My Research Approach

TODAY, TOMORROW

AND BEYOND . . .

1963 – 2013 CELEBRATING 50 YEARS OF THE BRITISH CARTOGRAPHIC SOCIETY

My Research Approach

TODAY, TOMORROW

AND BEYOND . . .

1963 – 2013 CELEBRATING 50 YEARS OF THE BRITISH CARTOGRAPHIC SOCIETY

Testbenching

TODAY, TOMORROW

AND BEYOND . . .

1963 – 2013 CELEBRATING 50 YEARS OF THE BRITISH CARTOGRAPHIC SOCIETY

Next Steps: Action Theory

TODAY, TOMORROW

AND BEYOND . . .

1963 – 2013 CELEBRATING 50 YEARS OF THE BRITISH CARTOGRAPHIC SOCIETY

What happens?

TODAY, TOMORROW

AND BEYOND . . .

1963 – 2013 CELEBRATING 50 YEARS OF THE BRITISH CARTOGRAPHIC SOCIETY

Meaningful Integration