VANGUARDjournal

The VANGUARDab

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t

MEGAN PARANICH

MATTHEW GABERTKAYLA REDDECLIFF

JANELLE TRACK

NICOLE WEE

issue 1, volume 1theme: "extinction"

2

nicoleweeTypewritten Text ISSN 2292-2652 (Print) ISSN 2292-2660 (Online)

extinctionThe VANGUARD

aboutwords about this journal

letter from the editorwords from the editorinchief, Megan

Paranich

contributorsmeet this issue's writers

artist biomeet this issue's artist, Erika Luckert

making discriminationhistory

an editorial piece by Matthew Gabert

university: where habits areboth formed and become

extinctan article by Emerson Csorba

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6

8

10

11

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413

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17

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21

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the plight of the bumblebeean article by M. Leigh

the persistence of lifean article by Megan Paranich

perspective on evolutionan article by Fraser Porter

for the love of codan article by Alan Shapiro

impossibility of death:extinction and hirstsmagnum opusan article by Robyn TaylorNeu

green is the new blackan article by Nicole Wee

the loss of culture historyand physical propertya feature essay by Kristina Seefeldt

5lett

er

the EDITOR's

6FRASER PORTER

EMERSON CSORBA

M. LEIGH

ALAN SHAPIRO

ROBYN TAYLOR-NEU

7the CONTRIBUTORSNICOLE WEE MATTHEW GABERT

KRISTINA SEEFELDT MEGAN PARANICH

8artist'sbio

9

making discrimination

HISTORY

1 0

Where once it wasperfectly legal,

acceptable and evenexpected for one todiscriminate on the

basis of race, it is nowillegal and unethical

to do so.

university: where habits are bothformed and become extinct

11

1 2

These charactertraits are littleelse than the

accumulation ofhabits, formed

through practiceand introspectionover a period of

time.

1 3

THE PLIGHT OF THE

bumble bee

1http: //bumblebeeconservation.org/about-bees/why-bees-

need-help

2

http: //theextinctionprotocol.wordpress.com/2011 /03/05/scientis

ts-alarmed-as-bumblebee-numbers-plunge-worldwide/

3

http: //www.sciencemag.org/content/336/6079/348.abstract

4

http: //www.sciencemag.org/content/336/6079/351 .abstract

5

http: //www.resil ience.org/stories/201 3-1 0-25/scientists-

discover-key-molecule-l inking-neonicotinoids-to-honey-bee-

viruses

6

http: //ecowatch.com/201 3/06/11 /worldwide-honey-bee-

collapse-a-lesson-in-ecology/

It is estimatedthat the efforts

of beescontributed

400 million tothe British

economy peryear, and

14.2 billion tothe European

Union.

the persistence of

LIFE

1 4

1 5

One of the mostdevastatingextinctions

occured at [thetransition from

the Permian Erato the Triassic],

wiping out 96% ofall life on Earth.

1Beauchamp, Benoit; Embry, Ashton. Sequence stratigraphy

of the Permian-Triassic Boundary in the Sverdrup Basin,

Canadian Arctic. 2006. CSPG - CSEG - CWLS Convention.

2

Wignall , P B. Large igneous provinces and mass extinctions.

March 2001 . Earth-Science Reviews. Volume 53, Issues 1 2,

Pages 1 -33. ISSN 001 2-8252.

http: //dx.doi.org/1 0.1 01 6/S001 2-8252(00)00037-4.

1 6

There have beenfive defined mass

extinctions inEarth's history.

PERSPECTIVE ON

evolution

1 7

(http: //www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pi i/S001 282520

0000374)

3

Benton M J. When life nearly died: the greatest mass

extinction of al l time. 2005. London: Thames & Hudson. ISBN

0-500-28573-X

4

Wignall , P.B. ; Twitchett, R.J. (2002). "Extent, duration, and

nature of the Permian-Triassic superanoxic event".Geological

Society of America Special Papers 356: 39541 3.

5

Kump, Lee; Alexander Pavlov and Michael A. Arthur (2005).

"Massive release of hydrogen sulfide to the surface ocean

and atmosphere during intervals of oceanic anoxia".Geology

33: 397400

6

Catton, Wil l iam R. Jr. Dependence on phantom carrying

capacity. 1 980. Overshoot: The Ecological Basis of

Revolutionary Change. Chapter 3. University of I l l inois Press.

Suggested reading:

http: //permian.stratigraphy.org/fi les/201 21 02911 4011 447.pdf

for the love of cod

1 8

1 9

As the harvest declined,fishermen began to targetyounger fish, often of pre-

reproductive age, compromisingthe populations ability to sustain

itself.

20

1

Hutchings, J. , Myers, R. What can be learned from the

collapse of a renewable resource? Atlantic cod, Gadus

morhua, of Newfoundland and Labrador. Canadian Journal of

Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 51 , 21 26-21 46 (1 994).

2

Baird, J. , Bishop, C. , Murphy, E. An assessment of the cod

stock in NAFO divisions 2J3KL. CAFSAC Resource

Document 91 /53 (1 991 ).

Although environmentalfactors may have playeda minor role, the collapse

was undoubtedlyprecipitated by

overfishing.

21

3

Hamilton, J. , Butler, M. Outport adaptations: Social

indicators through Newfoundlands cod crisis. Human

Ecology Review 8, 1 -11 (2001 ).

4

Hutchings, J. Northern cod threatened by new fisheries

rules. The Star, Oct. 20 (201 3).

5

Cod stocks may never recover, study finds: Report says

human error, industry pressure to blame. CBC News, Apr. 21

(201 3).

6

Frank, K. , Petrie, B. , Fisher, J. , Leggett, W. Transient

dynamics of an altered large marine ecosystem. Nature 477,

86-91 (2011 ).

impossibility of death:EXTINCTION AND HIRSTS MAGNUM OPUS

Drawing by Robyn Taylor-Neu

22

1

Hirst, D. The physical impossibi l ity of death in the mind of

someone living. 1 991 .

2

2001 categories & criteria (version 3.1 ) [Internet]. IUCN red

list of threatened species [cited 201 3 Nov 8]. Available from:

http: //www.iucnredl ist.org/static/categories_criteria_3_1

GREEN IS THE NEW BLACK

23

One white t-shirt needs2,700 litres of water inorder to grow enough

cotton to make one shirt... that amount is enough

for one person toconsume for about 2.5

years.

24

1

http: //worldwildl ife.org/stories/the-impact-of-a-cotton-t-shirt

2

http: //www.examiner.com/article/how-celebrity-fashion-

icons-fuel-i l legal-poaching-and-leopard-extinction

THE LOSS OF CULTURE HISTORY

and physical property

25

FEATUREESSAY

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When an artefact isdisplaced from its

original context, thephysical artefact isstolen as well as itsattached intellectual

property.

27

Most countriesfollow these laws

only when it isconvenient and in

their interests.

28

Without artefacts in thehands of a public ownersuch as a government,the artefacts and theirhistory will never be

shared with the public.

29

There is a directrelationshipbetween the

degradation ofethics and the

failure torepatriate

artefacts thatrightfully belong

to a certainculture.

References

American Anthropological Association, 1 998. Code of Ethics

of the American Anthropological Association. [onl ine]

American Anthropological Association. Available at:

http: //www.aaanet.org/committees/ethics/ethicscode.pdf

[Accessed 9 October 201 2].

Fitz Gibbon, K. , 2005. Who Owns the Past?: Cultural Policy,

Cultural Property, and the Law. 1 st ed. Rutgers University

Press in assoc. with American Council for Cultural Policy.

Society for American Archaeology, 1 996. Principles of Ethics

in Archaeology of the Society for American Archaeology.

[onl ine] Society for American Archaeology. Available at:

http: //www.saa.org/Default.aspx?TabId=203 [Accessed 24

November 201 2].

Steal ing History, 2007. [Fi lm] Directed by Flyum, O. and

Hebditch, D. . New York: Fi lmakers Library.

Vermeylen, S. , Martin, G. , Cl ift, R. , 2008. Intel lectual Property

Rights Systems and the Assemblage of Local Knowledge

Systems. International Journal of Cultural Property, [e-journal]

1 5 (2), 201 -221 . Available through University of Alberta Library

website [Accessed 28

November 201 2].

C H A N G I N G C L I M A T E S