the transformation of media & broadcast video...

The transformation of media & broadcast video production to a Professional Media NetworkThomas Kernen, Technical LeaderBRKSPV-3112

• Introduction

• Transforming the Live Media Production market

• Technology Transition: Requirements and capabilities

• Professional Media Networks

• Conclusion

Agenda

© 2016 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public

Capturing New Transitions

Transition to IP from SDI

10110101 1001010110

101010101010

• Ready for today’s new formats and data rates

• Increased bandwidth with Ethernet

• Deterministic networking

x86 Workloads

• Move away from specialized, dedicated, expensive HW

• Towards general purpose, low cost compute and storage

Cloud

Architectures

• Software Defined Networking (SDN), not manual

• Application Policy Driven Infrastructure

• Treat the platform as reusable pools of resources

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What can IP do for you?

• Multiple signals per cable

• Video, audio, metadata, intercom

• Bi-directional signals

• Frame format & rate agnostic

• Live & file based workflows

• Phase & Frame alignment

• Dynamic infrastructure

• Enabling new workflow models

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Courtesy: Brian Keane, Aperi Corporation and Thomas Edwards, Fox Networks

Dispelling myths: Latency Validation Data

Minimum to Maximum Latency per Switch Hop (µs)

BRKSPV-3112 8


Courtesy: Brian Keane, Aperi Corporation and Thomas Edwards, Fox Networks

Dispelling myths: Jitter Validation Data

Latency Variation per Switch Hop (µs)

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Transforming the Live Media Production market


Understanding the End to End Media ecosystem

Remote

ProductionContribution

Studio and

Post

Production

Primary

Distribution

Secondary

Distribution

Consumer

Experience

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Inter-Studio Remote production

Outdoor Broadcast

• Outdoor Broadcast

• Remote production

• Production islandin existing facility

• Broadcast Center (re)build

• Distributed production

Many use cases

Distributed production

Core IP

Network

Core IP

Network Core IP

Network

Core IP

Network

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Format pixels/second Pixel format

raw bitrate

(Gbps)

+ audio & ancilliary

data (Gbps)

480i60 (SD) 10 368 000 YUV 4:2:2 10 bit 0.21 0.27

1080p30 62 208 000 YUV 4:2:2 10 bit 1.24 1.49

1080p60 (HD) 12 4416 000 YUV 4:2:2 10 bit 2.49 2.97

4Kp60 497 664 000 YUV 4:2:2 10 bit 9.95 11.88

4Kp120 995 328 000 YUV 4:4:4 16 bit 47.78

8Kp60 1 990 656 000 YUV 4:2:2 10 bit 39.81 47.52

8Kp120 3 981 312 000 YUV 4:4:4 16 bit 191.10

Uncompressed video data rates

SDI Bitrates

Greater bit depth for

High Dynamic Range

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Distributed industry ecosystem

BRKSPV-3112 14

Technology Transition: Requirements and capabilities


Industry Challenges and Requirements

Unchanged Operator Workflow

Deterministic Low Latency and JitterDeterministic Quality of Service

Zero Packet LossReservation of network resources across redundant paths for zero congestion loss

Video/ Audio End Point Sync and Lock with µ-sec AccuracyPrecision Timing and Synchronization

Fast and Clean Switching

Switching streams with minimal delay and on frame boundary

System Availability

Same or better than SDI-based system

Network Security

Protect network operations from any malicious attacks

BRKSPV-3112 16


The importance of endpoint capabilities

• Management and reporting capabilities

• Northbound to control systems (Broadcast & Network)

• Integration into analytics, workflow and planning tools

• Unidirectional or bidirectional

• Can endpoint transmit and receive on same interface?

• Including from self originating sources?

• Unicast or multicast

• Architecture scalability

• Integration into larger system

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Audio Endpoints

• AES67

• IP transport for media (audio) services

• Targeted for interoperability between RAVENNA, Q-LAN, Dante, Livewire

• Includes timing, QoS and media streaming components

• Targeted latency (worst case 10ms, typically 1ms)

• Published in September 2013, AES67-2015 revision clarified language

• AVB

• Layer 2 Ethernet transport requires AVB HW support at each hop

• Lost traction since introduction of AES67

• Capabilities

• Mixing discrete sources

• Embedding/de-embedding audio streams

BRKSPV-3112 18


Video Endpoints

• SMPTE ST 2022-6 (SDI over IP)

• Straight encapsulation of SDI frames into 1428 byte IP packet

• Endpoints typically operate as traditional SDI devices

• Constrains IP network to operate as an SDI transport

• Full SDI payload to endpoint with minimal processing overhead

• Frontend gateway (external device or internal to endpoint)

• VSF TR-03 (Uncompressed Elementary Stream Media over IP)

• IETF RFC 4175 for uncompressed (raw) video transport

• AES67 for audio

• IEEE 1588 Precision Time Protocol for Synchronisation and Media Clock

BRKSPV-3112 19


Endpoints: Interface and workflow planning

• AES67

• Multiple audio sources for discrete mix

• Bandwidth usage for 2022-6 flows

• Fixed to HD-SDI (1.5 Gbit/s), 3G-SDI (3 Gbit/s) or 12G-SDI (12 Gbit/s) + overhead

• Bandwidth usage for TR-03 flows

• More granular since based on individual media flows (audio, video, metadata)

• Purpose of device

• Camera or monitor (single flow/bundle)

• Multiviewer or mixer (multiple flows/bundles)

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Control system(s)

• Endpoint

• Provisioning discovery and registration

• Some capabilities may rely on Unicast, some on Multicast

• No defacto standard

• Endpoint vendor driven

• Interfacing between broadcast and network controllers

• No defacto standard

• Ongoing industry work to define APIs

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AMWA Network Media Incubator

• Practical interoperability built upon JT-NM Reference Architecture

• AMWA API Specification for Discovery & Registration (IS-04)

• https://github.com/AMWA-TV/nmos (Networked Media Open Spec)

• Registration and discovery of networked resources using REST APIs onto a distributed registry

• Interoperability workshops took place in January and March 2016

• Demonstrate “discovery and registration”

• Interchange of essence streams compliant with VSF TR-03

BRKSPV-3112 22

https://github.com/AMWA-TV/nmos


Something new with IP

• Uncompressed or light compression?

• Sony LLVC (SMPTE RDD 34)

• TICO (SMPTE RDD 35)

• SMPTE VC-2 (ST 2042)

• SMPTE VC-5 (ST 2073)

IP will support any of these options

BRKSPV-3112 23


Define high level priorities and constraints

• Traffic workflow modeling

• Day 0 vs. 1 year, 3 years, 5 years

• North – South vs. East – West

• Interface type

• Speed, form factor, density

• Distance between endpoints

• Single mode or multimode fibre

• Environmental

• Watts, BTUs, dBs, millimeters

BRKSPV-3112 24


Centralised infrastructure approach

• Classic SDI replacement architecture

• All sources/receivers connected to single device = simplified multicast support required

• High port concentration

• Power, heat & cabling density

• 1/10/25/40/100GE port requirements

• Multi-rate line cards limitations and cost per port

• Growth limited by chassis size

• Adding additional chassis would “break” the centralised model

• Distance to endpoints

• Cost of SMF vs. MMF optics

BRKSPV-3112 25


Spine & Leaf

• Datacentre best practices

• Align with other IT business and technical architectures

• Traffic distribution

• Split interface rates and requirements across Top of Rack switches

• Build out based on East – West vs. North – South traffic growth

• Flexibility

• Common endpoints connected to Leaf

• Group based on application/workflow specifics

BRKSPV-3112 26


Optical planning

• Power budget

• Data centre vs. mobile unit

• Form factor

• Density per chassis

• Distance

• MMF vs. SMF

• Data rate optimisations

• n*10GE vs. n*40GE vs. n*100GE

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Data Center Fabric Architecture Trends

Early Integration of 100G north-south focused – DC edge

Trending to Leaf Spine architecture with higher speed links

10 - 25G Servers

40 -100G Links

100G Links

High bandwidth Fabric

Redundancy Model

Physical Infrastructure

Higher Scale Compute

Wider Spine

Multiple Spines

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Redundancy models

• Endpoints

• FEC (SMPTE ST 2022-5)• For WAN contribution, remote production links

• Hitless (SMPTE ST 2022-7), MoFRR or live-live• Error free delivery using duplicate flows and separate paths

• Infrastructure

• Single network with or w/o endpoints dual connected

• Disjoint networks with endpoints connected to both networks

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Strategy for Timing

Cameras and microphones must be

source timed

Signal Transit Time exceeds feature

resolution time

Today’s facilities designed based on

signal propagation delay

IP does not have to be any different

BRKSPV-3112 30


How do I generatea stable timing signal from an Ethernet port?

Source: an anonymous broadcast engineer

BRKSPV-3112 31


Time and Sync across industries

Service Providers

Smart Grid

Industrial Solutions

Media

Financing and Trading

Science

BRKSPV-3112 32


• Two Way Time Transfer protocol (TWTT)

• Accuracy in a well designed E2E model in the nanosecond range

• Boundary Clocks (BC) and Transparent Clocks (TC) aim correcting delay variations, in both directions (asymmetry)

IEEE 1588-2008 Precision Time Protocol

Ordinary Clock Leaf Slave

OrdinaryClock

grandmaster

Transparent Clock

BoundaryClock

RecoveredClock

PTPPTP

PTP

ReferenceClock

BRKSPV-3112 33


PTP Hardware support

• End to End Transparent Clock

• Adds transient device delay timestamp to PTP message

• Improves efficiency of PTP accuracy

• Boundary Clock

• Acts as master clock to a group of slaves

• Improves PTP architecture scalability

BRKSPV-3112 34


• Relevant PTP profiles:

• SMPTE ST 2059

• AES67

• Default IEEE 1588 PTP profile

• Engineering Guidelines for SMPTE ST 2059 (draft)

• Interoperability events

• SMPTE 2059

• AES67

• PTP measurements

• SMPTE ATC & Journal papers

BRKSPV-3112 35

Professional Media Networks


Live Studio Production with SDI TechnologyLive Studio Production with IP Technology

Video Router

Control Systems

with Control Panel

Audio Mixer

Video Switcher

Multiviewer

Monitoring Systems

Playout

Graphic Systems

Remote Source

Video ServerReplay and Clips

Cameras and

Microphones

IP Network

REST

Network Interface

Network Controller

Standard and Open API

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Control System with Network Controller

IP Network

OF, Netconf/Yang,

REST/JSON

REST, RESTCONF

APIs

Network

Controller

Control System + Network Controller

=

Policy Control System

Broadcast Applications

• Best understand the networking needs, flows

and connectivity requirements

Network Controller

• Abstracts the network and routing complexity

while providing control to the higher layers

IP Network

• Provides connectivity using rich industry proven

routing technologies

BRKSPV-3112 38


• Network Design

• No oversubscription for media flows

• Deterministic Quality of Service

• Additional Protection in the Backbone

• Underneath SMPTE 2022-5 and/or SMPTE 2022-7

• Fast Fault Detection

• Quick Recovery

• Optical SONET/SDH transition

• Standards require 50ms switchover, typical ~1-2 frame delay

• Use similar techniques

Redundancy: Zero Packet Loss

BRKSPV-3112 39


• Link-layer failure detection is not consistent across media type

• Less than 50ms on APS-protected SONET/SDH

• A few seconds on Ethernet, more on WAN links

• Most current failure detection mechanisms are an order of magnitude too long for time-sensitive applications

• BFD (IETF RFC 5880): Lightweight hello protocol designed to run over multiple transports

• Speeds up outage detection

Bidirectional Forwarding Detection (BFD)

BFD

Control

Packets

BFD

BFD

BRKSPV-3112 40


• Robust Signal Protection and Network Recovery

• SMPTE 2022-7 hitless protection for dual links

• SMPTE 2022-5 FEC for single link drop out recovery

• BFD for network fabric fault detection and recovery

• Always On-Air

Improved Signal Delivery Guarantee

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Cisco’s Eco-System partners

IP Media Solutions

PartnersMedia Application

Partners

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Conclusion


32NF-60 ST 2110

Convergence in Audio/Video over IP Standards

SDI

RFC4175pixels on IP

VSF TR03RTP of V,A,M

VSF TR042022-6+AES67

ST2022-6SDI on IP

AES67audio on IPRFC3190

L24 audio

RFC3550RTP/UDP/IP

UHD Formats

3G Formats

HD Formats

SD Formats

Audio Samples

Metadata(VANC)

RFC-(WIP)VANC on IP

BRKSPV-3112 45


IP Fabric for Media

BRKSPV-3112 46


Open standards approach, directly supported by the

industry’s key software providers

Flexible solutions for changing market

demands, in accord with current and future

industry standards

Cisco Media Blueprint

Applications and infrastructure for

producing, storing, distributing and securing broadcast media content

Solutions Ecosystem Industry

BRKSPV-3112 47


Cisco Media Blueprint

Media resource portal

Whitepapers, presentations,

ecosystem partners, events

Source: http://www.cisco.com/go/media

BRKSPV-3112 48

http://www.cisco.com/go/media




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